헤테로폴리산 담지 메조포러스 물질에서 아이소프로필 나프탈렌의 알킬화반응

김명완,김왕기,김종호,서곤 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2000 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The alkylation of 2-isopropyl naphthalene with isopropyl alcohol was studied over heteropoly acid catalyst supported on mesoporous material. The physicochemical state of loaded heteropoly acid was investigated using XRD, nitrogen adsorption and FT-IR techniques. Heteropoly acid was highly dispersed on the wall of mesoporous material, and retained its Br□nsted acidity. The initial conversion of 2-isopropyl naphthalene was high over the heteropoly acid catalyst supported on mesoporous material, while that was negligible over bulk heteropoly acid. The high selectivity for β,β - diisopropyl naphthalene was explained by the uniform mesopore inducing transition-state shape selectivity.

정상 성인에서 수면박탈이 수면구조와 피로감에 미치는 영향

김완중,신석철,왕성근 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.1

To identify the effects of sleep deprivation on sleep structure polysomnography was performed for 10healthy young adults. Visual analogue scale was also used to identify the effects of sleep deprivation on fatigue, mood, and sleepiness. The subjects were young adults, ranging in age from 21 to 26 years, without past or present histories of significant medical, neurological, or psychiatric illness as well as no current major sleep disturbances or parasomnias. After one adaptation night, each subject was recorded polysomnography in the sleep laboratory. Sleep records were analyzed according to the criteria of Rechtschaffen and Kales every 20 seconds, and tried paired-t-test and correlation. The results were summarized as follows. 1. After one night of total sleep deprivation, compared with the baseline, TST, stage 3, stage 4, and SWS were significanlty increased, and sleep latency was significantly shortened, and return to normal level after 3 nights of recovery. 2. The relative value(%) of stage 3, stage 4, and SWS were positive correlation between the baseline and the first recovery night. 3. Compared with the baseline, reaction time was significantly delayed in the first recovery night, and returned to normal level after 3 days of recovery. 4. The feeling of fatigue, mood, and sleepiness were significantly worsened in the first day after TSD, and returned to normal level after 3 days of recovery.

수생식물을 이용한 수질정화 SYSTEM 개발에 관한 연구

신대윤,홍완해,왕승호 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 1999 環境公害硏究 Vol.15 No.2

This study focused on the removal of COD, SS, T-N and T-P of home wastewater in batch and continuous culture reactors using parsley. And the amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus in the tissues of parsley were also detected. The results are as follow ; 1. Parsley has achieved 42% COD removal rate, 55% SS, 10% T-P and 41% T-N for 48 hours retention time. Residual concentration was COD 6.1㎎/ℓ, SS ll㎎/ℓ, T-P 1.112㎎/ℓ and T-N 4.9㎎/ℓ respectively. 2. Nitrogen and phosphorous content, accumulated in the tissues of parsley are 40.4% and 9.2% respectively in batch reactor with 48 hours SRT. They are presenting increasing rate 37.6% of nitrogen and 9% of phosphorous, compared with their influent sample, contending 2.8% of nitrogen and 0.19% of phosphorous. 3. Continuous reactor has achieved 42% COD removal rate, 62% SS, 10% T-N, and 46% T-P, Effluent COD concentration was 5.8㎎/ℓ, SS 8.13㎎/ℓ, T-P 0.84㎎/ℓ and T-N 4.09㎎/ℓ.

Preparation and Characterization of A Semi-interpenetrating Network Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane

Yifu Wang,Heting Wan,Dan Wang,Jilin Wang,Lulu Wang,Ruijiang Feng 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.1

A series of semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) anion exchange membranes (QCS/St-G8-2-8, Quaternized chitosan/styrene-[maleic alkylene group diethyl bis (octyl dimethyl chloro/bromide), abbreviated as G8-2-8] were prepared via in-situ polymerization by Styrene (St) and G8-2-8 in QCS casting solution. During the process of in-situ polymerization, linearblock polymers (St-G8-2-8) of Styrene and G8-2-8 was constructed, then was mixed with QCS casting solution, followed crosslinking the QCS by glutaraldehyde (GA). With the increasing content of linear block polymer, water uptake and swelling ratio of the composite membrane decreased; This kind of linear structure makes an order arrangement of quaternaryammonium groups which improves the OH− migration efficiency. At 70 oC, the M-30 composite membrane performs a high OH− conductivity of 8.20×10-2 S·cm-1, the methanol permeability is 3.23×10-6 cm-2·s-1 which is still lower than Nafion 115 of 2.42×10-6 cm-2·s-1, but M-30 shows a higher selectivity of 25.3 than Nafion 115 of 11.6. Furthermore, the membranes exhibited excellent thermal stability (≥150 oC), the tensile strength of the composite membrane is in the range of 14-25 MPa and elongation at break is in the range of 16-37 % at room temperature, as well as superior chemical stability in 1.0 M KOH solution for 250 h.

A small hairpin RNA targeting myeloid cell leukemia-1 enhances apoptosis in host macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Fei-yu Wang,Yu-qing Zhang,Xin-min Wang,Chan Wang,Xiao-fang Wang,Jiang-dong Wu,Fang Wu,Wan-jiang Zhang,Le Zhang 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.4

Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) plays an important role in various cell survival pathways. Some studies indicated that the expression of Mcl-1 was upregulated in host cells during infection with the virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain, H37Rv. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of inhibiting Mcl-1 expression both in vivo and in vitro on apoptosis of host macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis using a small hairpin (sh)RNA. Mcl-1 expression was detected by the real time-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to measure host macrophage apoptosis. We found elevated Mcl-1 levels in host macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The expression of Mcl-1 was downregulated efficiently in H37Rv-infected host macrophages using shRNA. Knockdown of Mcl-1 enhanced the extent of apoptosis in H37Rv-infected host macrophages significantly. The increased apoptosis correlated with a decrease in M. tuberculosis colony forming units recovered from H37Rv-infected cells that were treated with Mcl-1-shRNA. Reducing Mcl-1 accumulation by shRNA also reduced accumulation of the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-2, and increased expression of the pro-apoptotic gene, Bax, in H37Rv-infected host macrophages. Our results showed that specific knockdown of Mcl-1 expression increased apoptosis of host macrophages significantly and decreased the intracellular survival of a virulent strain of M. tuberculosis. These data indicate that interference with Mcl-1 expression may provide a new avenue for tuberculosis therapy.

A putative plastidial adenine nucleotide transporter, BRITTLE1-3, plays an essential role in regulating chloroplast development in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Jia Lyu,Yihua Wang,Linglong Liu,Chunming Wang,Yulong Ren,Cheng Peng,Feng Liu,Yunlong Wang,Mei Niu,Di Wang,Ming Zheng,Kunneng Zhou,Shaolu Zhao,Fuqing Wu,Haiyang Wang,Jianmin Wan 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.5

Differentiation from proplastids into chloroplasts isa light- and energy-dependent process. How this process isregulated is still poorly understood at the molecular level. We herein report a new putative plastidial adenine nucleotidetransporter, BRITTLE1-3 (referred to as OsBT1-3), encoded bythe rice (Oryza sativa) White Stripe Leaf 2 (WSL2) gene. Loss of OsBT1-3 function results in defective chloroplastbiogenesis, severely reduced photosynthetic efficiency, andfinally a white stripe leaf phenotype in the first four leaves. The expression levels of genes related to chlorophyllbiosynthesis and photosynthesis are drastically reduced,accompanied with over accumulation of reactive oxygenspecies (ROS) in the wsl2 mutant. OsBT1-3 is targeted tothe chloroplasts and it expresses in almost all tissues inplants, especially in young leaves. OsBT1-3 consists of 419amino acids and exhibits features of all mitochondrialcarrier proteins, including a typical transmembrane-spanningdomain and a highly conserved sequence motif designatedas the ‘mitochondrial energy transfer signatures’. Phylogeneticanalysis shows that OsBT1-3 is a putative plastidialadenine nucleotide transporter and is most closely relatedto ZmBT1-2. Together, these observations suggest that thenew putative adenine nucleotide transporter, OsBT1-3,plays an essential role in regulating chloroplast biogenesisand maintenance of ROS homeostasis during rice seedlingde-etiolation.

Green-revertible Chlorina 1 (grc1) is Required for the Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and the Early Development of Chloroplasts in Rice

Jieqin Li,Yihua Wang,Juntao Chai,Lihua Wang,Chunming Wang,Wuhua Long,Di Wang,Yunlong Wang,Ming Zheng,Cheng Peng,Mei Niu,Jianmin Wan 한국식물학회 2013 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.56 No.5

The nuclear genes involved in chloroplast developmentand chlorophyll biosynthesis must be investigated tounderstand their functions in plant growth and development. In this study, we isolated and identified a unique leaf-colormutant of rice with a green-yellow phenotype before thefour-leaf stage and named the mutation green-revertiblechlorina 1 (grc1). The mutants had significantly lower plantheight, number of tillers, and panicle length and headedsignificantly earlier than the wild type. The levels ofchlorophylls, carotenoids, and chlorophyll precursors werealso lower. The mutation in grc1 affected chloroplastultrastructure, particularly thylakoid development. Geneticanalysis indicated that the green-yellow phenotype wascontrolled by a single recessive gene. We mapped the grc1gene to a 32.4-kb region on the long arm of chromosome 6. Through map-based cloning, we identified a 45-bp insertionin the genomic region of LOC_Os06g40080, which encodeda heme oxygenase. Expression of LOC_Os06g40080 wassignificantly down-regulated in the grc1 mutant. Subcellularlocalization showed that this heme oxygenase was localizedin the chloroplast. In summary, we isolated and identified thegene for grc1, which plays an important role in chlorophyllbiosynthesis and chloroplast development in rice.

Gene Silencing of β-catenin by RNAi Inhibits Proliferation of Human Esophageal Cancer Cells by Inducing G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest

Wang, Jin-Sheng,Ji, Ai-Fang,Wan, Hong-Jun,Lu, Ya-Li,Yang, Jian-Zhou,Ma, Li-Li,Wang, Yong-Jin,Wei, Wu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to explore mechanisms underlying the effects of down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression on esophageal carcinoma (EC) cells. Methods: Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry and annexin V apoptosis assay, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine changes in ultrastructure, while expression of cyclin D1 protein and mRNA was detected by western blot and real-time PCR. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1-2 were evaluated by Western blot analysis. PCNA labeling index (LI) was determined by immunocytochemistry. Results: Compared with pGen-3-con transfected and Eca-109 cells, the percentage of G0/G1-phase pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells was obviously increased (P<0.05), with no significant difference among the three groups with regard to apoptosis (P>0.05). pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells exhibited obvious decrease in cyclin D1 mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05) and the ultrastructure of Eca-109 cells underwent a significant change after being transfected with pGen-3-CTNNB1, suggesting that down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression can promote the differentiation and maturation. The expression of PCNA and the ERKI/2 phosphorylation state were also down-regulated in pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells (P<0.05). At the same time, the PCNA labeling index was decreased accordingly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Inhibition of EC Eca-109 cellproliferation by down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression could improve cell ultrastructure by mediating blockade in G0/G1 through inhibiting cyclin D1, PCNA and the MAPK pathway (p-ERK1/2).

Mechanistic Analysis of Taxol-induced Multidrug Resistance in an Ovarian Cancer Cell Line

Wang, Ning-Ning,Zhao, Li-Jun,Wu, Li-Nan,He, Ming-Feng,Qu, Jun-Wei,Zhao, Yi-Bing,Zhao, Wan-Zhou,Li, Jie-Shou,Wang, Jin-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

Objectives: To establish a taxol-resistant cell line of human ovarian carcinoma (A2780/Taxol) and investigate its biological features. Methods: The drug-resistant cell line (A2780/Taxol) was established by continuous stepwise selection with increasing concentrations of Taxol. Cell morphology was assessed by microscopy and growth curves were generated with in vitro and in vivo tumor xenograft models. With rhodamine123 (Rh123) assays, cell cycle distribution and the apoptotic rate were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Drug resistance-related and signal associated proteins, including P-gp, MRPs, caveolin-1, PKC-${\alpha}$, Akt, ERK1/2, were detected by Western blotting. Results: A2780/Taxol cells were established with stable resistance to taxol. The drug resistance index (RI) was 430.7. Cross-resistance to other drugs was also shown, but there was no significant change to radioresistance. Compared with parental cells, A2780/Taxol cells were significantly heteromorphous, with a significant delay in population doubling time and reduced uptake of Rh123 (p<0.01). In vivo, tumor take by A2780 cells was 80%, and tumor volume increased gradually. In contrast, with A2780/Taxol cells in xenograft models there was no tumor development. FCM analysis revealed that A2780/Taxol cells had a higher percentage of G0/G1 and lower S phase, but no changes of G2 phase and the apoptosis rate. Expression of P-gp, MRP1, MRP2, BCRP, LRP, caveolin-1, PKC-${\alpha}$, Phospho-ERK1/2 and Phospho-JNK protein was significantly up-regulated, while Akt and p38 MARK protein expression was not changed in A2780/Taxol cells. Conclusion: The A2780/Taxol cell line is an ideal model to investigate the mechanism of muti-drug resistance related to overexpression of drug-resistance associated proteins and activation of the PKC-${\alpha}/ERK$ (JNK) signaling pathway.

Electrochemical Performance of Lithium Iron Phosphate by Adding Graphite Nanofiber for Lithium Ion Batteries

Wang, Wan Lin,Jin, En Mei,Gu, Hal-Bon The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2012 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.13 No.3

Olivine type $LiFePO_4$ cathode material was synthesized by solid-state reaction method including one-step heat treatment. To improve the electrochemical characteristics, graphite nanofiber (GNF) was added into $LiFePO_4$ cathode material. The structure and morphological performance of $LiFePO_4$ were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD); and a field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The synthesized $LiFePO_4$ has an olivine structure with no impurity, and the average particle size of $LiFePO_4$ is about 200~300 nm. With graphite nanofiber added, the discharge capacity increased from 113.43 mAh/g to 155.63 mAh/g at a current density of 0.1 $mA/cm^2$. The resistance was also significantly decreased by the added graphite nanofiber.