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Yoshiko Ramirez Ueno,Tsutomu Tamada,Satoru Takahashi,Utaru Tanaka,Keitaro Sofue,Tomonori Kanda,Munenobu Nogami,Yoshiharu Ohno,Nobuyuki Hinata,Masato Fujisawa,Takamichi Murakami 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.5
Computed diffusion-weighted MRI is a recently proposed post-processing technique that produces b-value images from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), acquired using at least two different b-values. This article presents an argument for computed DWI for prostate cancer by viewing four aspects of DWI: fundamentals, image quality and diagnostic performance, computing procedures, and future uses.
Withun Hemsuwan,Kasumi Sakamoto,Tsutomu Takahashi 한국항공우주학회 2018 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.19 No.3
A new concept of generating steady lift on a circular cylinder in uniform flow has been developed. A strip plate is placed behind a cylinder in cruciform arrangement with a suitable gap for employing the longitudinal vortex (LV). When the upstream cylinder moves parallel to the strip plate, the LV appears behind the moving cylinder near the crisscross region. The steady lift is produced by the aerodynamic effect of the vortex-induced suction flow. The vortex regime has a limited area, and the exterior is dominated by the wake which generates the negative driving force due to the drag. In this study, the negative portion near both free ends of the original cylinder was examined and restrained by attaching tip-end configurations for improving the flow field. Two types of added tip ends were evaluated that included the circular endplate and the semi-circular plate with a rectangular-shape bend. The unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) simulation was employed. The numerical results were validated by the experimental data. The numerical investigation indicated that a negative lift is generated near the cylinder ends. When the accessory tip ends were employed, the semi-circular plate with a bend can suppress the disturbed flow and produce a positive lift, whereas only the circular endplate cannot.
Natural History of Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction and Need for Palliative Care
Kosuke Tanaka,Hidenori Ohkubo,Atsushi Yamamoto,Kota Takahashi,Yuki Kasai,Anna Ozaki,Michihiro Iwaki,Takashi Kobayashi,Tsutomu Yoshihara,Noboru Misawa,Akiko Fuyuki,Shingo Kato,Takuma Higurashi,Kunihiro 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.3
Background/AimsNatural history of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO), a rare disease characterized by episodes of non-mechanical obstruction, is unclear in adults. This study evaluates the clinical course of CIPO and palliative care needs of patients. MethodsFrom October 2010 to September 2021, 74 patients who underwent cine MRI and had a definitive diagnosis of CIPO were prospectively included. We investigated disease etiology and outcomes, age at onset, nutritional status at consultation (body mass index and serum albumin), hydrogen breath test results, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) during the disease course. ResultsForty-seven patients (64%) were women, with a mean age of 44 years at onset and 49 years at diagnosis. Primary CIPO was observed in 48 patients (65%). Secondary CIPO was observed in 26 cases (35%), of whom 18 (69%) had scleroderma. The mean body mass index, serum albumin level, and hydrogen breath test positivity rate were 17 kg/m2, 3.8 mg/dL, and 60%, respectively. TPN and invasive decompression therapy were required by 23 (31%) and 18 (24%) patients, respectively. Intestinal sterilization was performed in 51 (69%) patients and was effective in 33 (65%); of these, 28 (85%) were taking metronidazole. Seven (9%) patients used opioids. There were 9 deaths (12%), including 5 (56%) from infection and 2 (22%) from suicide. Of the deaths, 6 (67%) and 4 (44%) underwent TPN management and decompression therapy, respectively. Fifty-one patients (69%) wanted palliative care. ConclusionCIPO is a rare, severe, and under-recognized disease. Standardization of treatment strategies, including palliative care and psychiatric interventions, is desired.
Toyama Takashi,Wang Yanjiao,Kim Min-Seok,Takahashi Tsutomu,Naganuma Akira,Hwang Gi-Wook 한국독성학회 2021 Toxicological Research Vol.37 No.4
Methylmercury is an environmental pollutant that induces potent neurotoxicity. We previously identified transcription factor 3 (TCF3) as a transcription factor that is activated in the brains of mice treated with methylmercury, and reported that methylmercury sensitivity was increased in cells in which TCF3 expression was suppressed. However, the mechanisms involved in the activation of TCF3 by methylmercury and in the reduction of methylmercury toxicity by TCF3 remained unclear. We found that treatment of mouse neuronal C17.2 cells with methylmercury increased TCF3 protein levels and promoted the binding of TCF3 to DNA consensus sequences. In cells treated with actinomycin D, a transcription inhibitor, an increase in TCF3 protein levels was also observed under methylmercury exposure. However, in the presence of cycloheximide, a translation inhibitor, methylmercury delayed the degradation of TCF3 protein. In addition, treatment with MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, increased TCF3 protein levels, and there was not significant increase in TCF3 protein levels by methylmercury under these conditions. These results suggest that methylmercury may activate TCF3 by increasing its levels through inhibition of TCF3 degradation by the proteasome. It has been previously reported that the induction of apoptosis in neurons is involved in methylmercury-induced neuronal damage in the brain. Although apoptosis was induced in C17.2 cells treated with methylmercury, this induction was largely suppressed by overexpression of TCF3. These results indicate that TCF3, which is increased in the brain upon exposure to methylmercury, may be a novel defense factor against methylmercury-induced neurotoxicity.
Suwa, Tomone,Nabara, Yoshihiro,Ozeki, Hidemasa,Hemmi, Tsutomu,Isono, Takaaki,Takahashi, Yoshikazu,Kawano, Katsumi,Oshikiri, Masayuki,Tsutsumi, Fumiaki,Shibutani, Kazuyuki,Nunoya, Yoshihiko,Okuno, Kiyo Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.25 No.3
<P>Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is procuring 100% of the ITER Central Solenoid (CS) conductors. The CS conductor is required to maintain the performance under 60000 pulsed electromagnetic cycles. JAEA tested two internal-tin Nb<SUB>3</SUB>Sn conductors for the CS at the SULTAN test facility. As a result of destructive examination, the twist pitches of both of the cables satisfied requirements of the ITER Organization (IO). The current sharing temperatures T<SUB>cs</SUB> of each sample were 6.6 and 6.8 K before cyclic operation, and the T<SUB>cs</SUB> values were 6.8 and 6.9 K after 9700 electromagnetic cycles, including three warm-up/cooldowns, respectively. The T<SUB>cs</SUB> performance of both samples satisfied the IO requirement. The ac losses of CSKO1-C and CSKO1-D were approximately half of typical bronze-route CS conductors at 2 and 9 T. The ac loss at 45.1 kA after the cycling was 1.5 times higher than that without the transport current. An almost constant strain of the jacket was observed after the test as a result of the residual strain measurement. Therefore, the deformation of the cable might have been homogeneous along the conductor axis. Because of the higher T<SUB>cs</SUB> of CSKO1-D than CSKO1-C, JAEA started the manufacturing of the CS conductor with the same specification as CSKO1-D.</P>