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Sung Chul Yun,Mun Il Ahn 한국환경농학회 2009 한국환경농학회지 Vol.28 No.2
The increased CO2 and temperature (700 μmol·mol-1 CO2 and 30℃) was compared with ambient growth conditions (400 μmol·mol-1 CO2 and 25℃) in hot pepper. Gas exchange measurements, including net photosynthesis (Pnet) and stomatal conductance (g(s)), were taken according to treatment in fields of peppers grown in Suwon and Asan during 2008. The increased treatment Pnet by 35-45% throughout the season and was statistically significant in t-tests (p<0.001); however, it did not significantly affect g(s). In addition, the gas exchange parameters in sun and shade leaves were measured. The difference between the sun and shade leaves was much greater than that between the elevated and ambient treatments, especially at harvest. Four commercial cultivars of hot pepper, Chunhasangsa, Ryukang, Manitta, and Olympic, were also compared by ANOVA. Chunhasangsa had the highest Pnet, which decreased by 30% from the vegetative to the harvest stage. Based on a factorial design, the effect of the increased CO2 and temperature was assessed based on the temperature, CO2, and their interaction effects. Orthogonal contrasts showed that the effects of temperature on Pnet and g(s) were significant, whereas CO2 and their interactions were not.
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Enhancement of Anticancer Effect through Photodynamic Therapy with High Oxygen Concentration
Yun-Ho Kim,Phil-Sang Chung,Sang Joon Lee,Jang-In Shin,Heejun Hwang,Jin-Chul Ahn 대한의생명과학회 2009 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.15 No.1
In photodynamic therapy (PDT), oxygen plays important role. Because of singlet oxygen which is produced by activated photosensitizer after laser irradiation of specific wavelength. The aim of this study is to find how oxygen concentration affects anticancer effect in PDT. Groups were divided into PDT with oxygen applied group and only PDT applied group. PDT with oxygen applied group supplied oxygen for 15 minute before laser irradiation. In vitro, CT-26 cell was incubated with various concentration of photofrin (50.0~0.05 ㎍/ml) and was irradiated with 632 ㎚ diode laser 6 hr after application of photofrin. The cell viability of two groups was assessed by MTT assay. In vivo, CT-26 cell line was transplanted into the subcutaneous tissue of BALB/c mouse. The anticancer effect of two groups was measured by tumor volume change. In vitro study, the cell viability was significantly decreased at 1.56~3.13 ㎍/ml in PDT with oxygen applied group. In vivo study, the PDT with oxygen applied group significantly higher reduction rate of tumor volume 7 days after PDT compared to PDT only group. The high oxygen concentration might enhance the anticancer effect of the photodynamic therapy.
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Yun, Chul Won,Lee, Sang Hun MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.7
<P>Kidney disease can be either acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it can lead to the development of functional organ failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from a diverse range of human tissues. They are multipotent and have immunomodulatory effects to assist in the recovery from tissue injury and the inhibition of inflammation. Numerous studies have investigated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of MSC-based therapies for kidney disease. Although the exact mechanism of MSC-based therapy remains uncertain, their therapeutic value in the treatment of a diverse range of kidney diseases has been studied in clinical trials. The use of MSCs is a promising therapeutic strategy for both acute and chronic kidney disease. The mechanism underlying the effects of MSCs on survival rate after transplantation and functional repair of damaged tissue is still ambiguous. The paracrine effects of MSCs on renal recovery, optimization of the microenvironment for cell survival, and control of inflammatory responses are thought to be related to their interaction with the damaged kidney environment. This review discusses recent experimental and clinical findings related to kidney disease, with a focus on the role of MSCs in kidney disease recovery, differentiation, and microenvironment. The therapeutic efficacy and current applications of MSC-based kidney disease therapies are also discussed.</P>
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Yun, Seung Pil,Han, Yong-Seok,Lee, Jun Hee,Yoon, Yeo Min,Yun, Chul Won,Rhee, Peter,Lee, Sang Hun SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2017 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.16 No.5
<P>Cellular prion protein (PrP<SUP>C</SUP>) can replace other pivotal molecules due to its interaction with several partners in performing a variety of important biological functions that may differ between embryonic and mature stem cells. Recent studies have revealed major advances in elucidating the putative role of PrP<SUP>C</SUP> in the regulation of stem cells and its application in stem cell therapy. What is special about PrP<SUP>C</SUP> is that its expression may be regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which is the transcriptional factor of cellular response to hypoxia. Hypoxic conditions have been known to drive cellular responses that can enhance cell survival, differentiation and angiogenesis through adaptive processes. Our group recently reported hypoxia-enhanced vascular repair of endothelial colony-forming cells on ischemic injury. Hypoxia-induced AKT/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation eventually increases neovasculogenesis. In stem cell biology, hypoxia promotes the expression of growth factors. According to other studies, aspects of tissue regeneration and cell function are influenced by hypoxia, which serves an essential role in stem cell HIF-1α signaling. All these data suggest the possibility that hypoxia-mediated PrP<SUP>C</SUP> serves an important role in angiogenesis. Therefore, the present review summarizes the characteristics of PrP<SUP>C</SUP>, which is produced by HIF-1α in hypoxia, as it relates to angiogenesis.</P>
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( Sung Soo La ),( Dong Woo Kim ),( Ki Chul Shin ),( Se Young Yun ),( Suk Bae Kim ),( Jung Eun Shin ),( Hong Ja Kim ),( Il Han Song ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-
Background/Aims: Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, reflecting the degree of hepatic necroinflammation, is one of the most frequently measured liver tests in persons who are suspected to have liver disease. But current upper limit of normal (ULN) of ALT, 40 IU/L, often can not detect the subclinical liver disease with minimal to mild inflammation. We, therefore, evaluated the ULN of ALT of healthy adult subjects in order to assess the necessity of revision for currently accepted reference range of ALT. Methods: 23,898 adult subjects who visited for medical examination at Health Promotion Center, Dankook University Hospital, from January 2005 to December 2006, were retrospectively enrolled in the present study. We excluded the adults who had HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, VDRL, history of current medication and alcohol consumption more than 40 g/week, and high risks for liver disease defined as BMI more than 23 kg/m2, serum cholesterol level more than 240 mg/dL, triglyceride more than 200 mg/dL, fasting glucose more than 115 mg/dL, and ultrasonographic liver diseases including fatty change. We defined updated ULN of ALT as activity below 95th percentile for each gender. Results: 5,994 adults (2,983 men, 2,961 women) met the inclusion criteria of this present study. Updated ULN of ALT levels were 38 IU/L in men and 25 IU/L in women. This ALT activity showed a tendency to increase according to age increase, and revealed positive correlation with the ultrasonographic degree of fatty liver. Serum ALT activity below 95th percentile of HBsAg or anti-HCV positive carrier subjects, whose medical conditions were equal to those of enrolled healthy subjects in aspect of biochemical and ultrasonographic finding, were 75 IU/L and 77 IU/L, respectively. Conclusions: Updated ULN of ALT was lower than currently accepted ALT activity. Considering age and gender, current reference range of serum ALT level should be revised for the detection of subclinical liver diseases such as fatty liver.
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( Sung Chul Yun ),( Hawk Bin Kwon ) 한국환경농학회 2008 한국환경농학회지 Vol.27 No.4
The ecophysiological changes occurring upon cold stress were studied using cold tolerant transgenic and wild-type tobacco plants. In a previous study, cold tolerance in tobacco was induced by the introduction of a gene encoding the zinc finger transcription factor, PIF1. Gas-exchange measurements including net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were performed prior to, in the middle of, and after a cold-stress treatment of 1±2℃ for 96 h in each of the four seasons. In both transgenic and wild-type plants, gas-exchange parameters were severely decreased in the middle of the cold treatment, but had recovered after 2-3 h of adaptation in a greenhouse. Most t-test comparisons on gas-exchange measurements between the two plant types did not show statistical significance. Wild-type plants had slightly more water-soaked damage on the leaves than the transgenic plants. A light-response curve did not show any differences between the two plant types. However, the curve for assimilation-internal CO2 in wild-type plants showed a much higher slope than that of the PIF1 transgenic plants. This means that the wild-type plant is more capable of regenerating Ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and has greater electron transport capacity. In conclusion, cold-resistant transgenic tobacco plants demonstrated a better recovery of net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance after cold-stress treatment compared to wild-type plants, but the ecophysiological recoveries of the transgenic plants were not statistically significant.
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Yun, Yeo-Tae,Chung, Chong-Tae,Lee, Young-Ju,Na, Han-Jung,Lee, Jae-Chul,Lee, Sun-Gye,Lee, Kwang-Won,Yoon, Young-Hwan,Kang, Ju-Won,Lee, Hyun-Sook,Lee, Jong-Yeol,Ahn, Sang-Nag Springer US 2016 Rice Vol.9 No.-
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Improved eating quality is a major breeding target in <I>japonica</I> rice due to market demand. Consequently, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for glossiness of cooked rice and amylose content associated with eating quality have received much research focus because of their importance in rice quality.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>In this study, QTL associated with 12 grain quality traits were identified using 96 introgression lines (IL) of rice developed from an interspecific cross between the Korean elite <I>O. sativa japonica</I> cultivar ‘Hwaseong’ and <I>O. rufipogon</I> over 7 years. QTL analyses indicated that QTL <I>qDTH6</I> for heading date, detected on chromosome 6 is associated with variance in grain traits. Most QTLs detected in this study clustered near the <I>qDTH6</I> locus on chromosome 6, suggesting the effect of <I>qDTH6. O. rufipogon</I> alleles negatively affected grain quality traits except for a few QTLs, including <I>qGCR9</I> for glossiness of cooked rice on chromosome 9. To characterize the effect of the <I>O. rufipogon</I> locus harboring <I>qGCR9,</I> four lines with a single but different <I>O. rufipogon</I> segment near <I>qGCR9</I> were compared to Hwaseong. Three lines (<I>O. rufipopgon</I> ILs) having <I>O. rufipogon</I> segment between RM242 and RM245 in common showed higher glossiness of cooked rice than Hwaseong and the other line (Hwaseong IL), indicating that <I>qGCR9</I> is located in the 3.4-Mb region between RM242 and RM245. Higher glossiness of cooked rice conferred by the <I>O. rufipogon</I> allele might be associated with protein content considering that three lines had lower protein content than Hwaseong (<I>P</I> < 0.1). These three <I>O. rufipogon</I> ILs showed higher yield than Hwaseong and Hwaseong IL due to increase in spikelets per panicle and grain weight indicating the linkage of <I>qGCR9</I> and yield component QTLs.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The <I>qGCR9</I> locus is of particular interest because of its independence from other undesirable grain quality traits in <I>O. rufipogon</I>. SSR markers linked to <I>qGCR9</I> can be used to develop high-quality <I>japonica</I> lines and offer a starting point for map-based cloning of genes underlying this trait. To our knowledge, this is the first report to map a beneficial QTL for glossiness of cooked rice from a wild rice, <I>O. rufipogon</I>.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-016-0135-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
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