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Aerodynamic Investigation about the Cause of Check-mark Stain on the Galvanized Steel Surface
Yoon, Hyun Gi,Ahn, Gi Jang,Kim, Sang Jun,Chung, Myung Kyoon The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan 2009 ISIJ international Vol.49 No.11
<P>When galvanized steel strip is produced through a continuous hot-dip galvanizing process, the thickness of the adhered zinc film is controlled by impinging a thin plane nitrogen gas jet. In such a gas wiping process frequently there appears stain of check-mark shape. The check-mark stain is caused by non-uniform zinc coating over the surface. In order to find the main reason of the appearance of the check-mark stain, the unsteady compressible flow field is numerically simulated by using LES turbulence model for two cases of <I>L</I>/<I>d</I>=6.67 in the Case 1, 11.54 in the Case 2 where <I>d</I> is the nozzle width and <I>L</I> is the lip-to-plate distance. It was found that there are alternating plane-wise vortices near the impinging stagnation region, and that such alternating vortices move almost periodically to the right and to the left sides on the stagnation line due to the jet flow instability and alternating pressure peaks along the stagnation line. Since higher stagnation pressure removes more molten zinc adhered on the surface, the zinc coating thickness is thinner there. In addition, since the strip moves upward at a constant speed, the non-uniform coating surface is formed with a variety of patterns like “W”, “V” and “X”. The angle of the check-mark was calculated by using both the moving speeds of the steel strip and the sidewise movement of the vortices along the stagnation line. It was favorably compared with the experimental measurement.</P>
( Yoon Ho Ko ),( Myung Ah Lee ),( Yeong Seon Hong ),( Kyung Shik Lee ),( Hyun Jin Park ),( Ie Ryung Yoo ),( Yeon Sil Kim ),( Young Kyoon Kim ),( Keon Hyun Jo ),( Young Pil Wang ),( Kyo Young Lee ),( J 대한내과학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.22 No.3
Background: Second-line chemotherapy offers advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients a small, but significant increase in survival. Docetaxel is usually administered as a 3-week schedule, yet there is significant toxicity with this therapy. Therefore, a weekly schedule has been explored in several previous trials. In this retrospective study, we compared the efficacy and safety of a weekly schedule and a 3-week schedule of docetaxel monotherapy in a second-line setting. Methods: Docetaxel was administered as 75 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks or as 37.5 mg/m2 on day 1 and 8 every 3 weeks until disease progression or severe toxicity developed. Results: From October 2003 to March 2006, a total of 37 patients received docetaxel monotherapy and 36 patients could be evaluated. A total of 135 cycles were administered and then evaluated. The median overall survival was 13.3 months (95% confidence interval: 6.3~20.3) for the weekly schedule and 10.7 months (95% confidence interval: 8.3~13.0) for the 3-week schedule (p=0.41). The median time to progression was 3.0 months (95% confidence interval: 1. 9~4.0) and 2.8 months (95% confidence interval: 1.0~4.6), respectively (p=0.41). The response rate was 16.7% for the weekly schedule and 21.1% for the 3-week schedule. The major form of hematologic toxicity was grade 3-4 neutropenia (3-week: 38.9%, weekly: 9.5%). The non-hematologic toxicities were similar between the two schedules. There were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusions: A docetaxel weekly schedule was very tolerable and it had comparable activity to that of the 3-week docetaxel schedule. Considering the efficacy and tolerability, a docetaxel weekly schedule can be an alternative schedule for the standard treatment of NSCLC in a second-line setting.
가정산소치료의 보험급여 실시 이후 처방 실태 다기관 조사 -만성기도폐쇄성질환 임상연구센터 제3세부과제 만성기도폐쇄성질환 진료지침 개발/보급 연구-
박명재 ( Myung Jae Park ),유지홍 ( Jee Hong Yoo ),최천웅 ( Cheon Woong Choi ),김영균 ( Young Kyoon Kim ),윤형규 ( Hyoung Kyu Yoon ),강경호 ( Kyung Ho Kang ),이승룡 ( Sung Yong Lee ),최혜숙 ( Hye Sook Choi ),이관호 ( Kwan Ho Lee 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.2
Background: From November 2006, The national health insurance system in the Republic of Korea began to cover prescribed long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) in patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency. This study examined the current status of LTOT after national health insurance coverage. Methods: Between November 1, 2006 and June 30, 2008, the medical records of patients who were prescribed LTOT by chest physicians were reviewed. The data was collected from 13 university hospitals. Results: 197 patients (131 male and 66 female) were prescribed LTOT. The mean age was 64.3±13.0 years. The most common underlying disease was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=103, 52.3%). Chest physicians prescribed LTOT using arterial blood gas analysis or a pulse oxymeter (74.6%), symptoms (14%), or a pulmonary function test (11.2%). The mean oxygen flow rate was 1.56±0.68 L/min at rest, 2.08±0.91 L/min during exercise or 1.51±0.75 L/min during sleep. Most patients (98.3%) used oxygen concentrators. Only 19% of patients used ambulatory oxygen supplies. The oxygen saturation before and after LTOT was 83.18±10.48% and 91.64±7.1%, respectively. After LTOT, dyspnea improved in 81.2% of patients. The mean duration of LTOT was 16.85±6.71 hours/day. The rental cost for the oxygen concentrator and related electricity charges were 48,414±15,618 won/month and 40,352±36,815 won/month, respectively. Approximately 75% of patients had a regular visit by the company. 5.8% of patients had personal pulse oxymetry. 54.9% of patients had their oxygen saturation checked on each visit hospital. 8% of patients were current smokers. The most common complaint with LTOT was the limitation of daily activity (53%). The most common complaint with oxygen concentrators was noise (41%). Conclusion: The patients showed good compliance with LTOT. However, only a few patients used an ambulatory oxygen device or had their oxygen saturation measured.
나윤균 ( Yoon Kyoon Na ),오근태 ( Geun Tae Oh ),김명수 ( Myung Soo Kim ) 대한설비관리학회 2010 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.15 No.3
Reliability, Availability and Maintainability(RAM) Program Plan describes the necessary tasks, responsibilities, and controls that should be implemented to ensure both high operational readiness and availability and minimizing life cycle cost. This paper addresses the system acquisition process and four key steps for achieving RAM based on the U.S. defense acquisition system and introduces the contents what RAM program plan(RAMPP) should include and the procedure to prepare RAMPP, which will lead to provide the information to the industries and be helpful in preparing RAMPP.
평면 충돌제트의 좌굴 현상에 의한 유동장 및 열전달 특징에 대한 수치해석 연구
윤현기(Yoon Hyun Gi),정명균(Chung Myung kyoon) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11
Impinging slot jet is widely used in a variety of industrial fields such as the cooling and coating system. In these systems, flow stability is the most important factor to obtain good products. But, in some cases it was found that there are alternating plane-wise vortices near the impinging stagnation region, and that such alternating vortices move almost periodically to the right and left sides along the stagnation line due to the jet flow instability and the pressure force balance. This instability is closely related to buckling phenomenon of the jet. And, this instability of the flow field causes the non-uniform heat transfer characteristic in the impinging region. In order to verify these flow characteristic, Impinging slot jet system has been investigated numerically by using a commercial 3-D flow analysis code, FLUENT. LES turbulent model is used to obtain instantaneous flow field.
Kim, Dong-Yoon,Choi, Cheol-Hee,Kim, Chong-Dae,Kim, Kyoon-Hong,Kim, Soo-Bok,Lee, Byeong-Joo,Chung, Myung-Hyun The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1989 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.12 No.3
In the previous observations, it was reported that both total ginseng saponin and panaxadiol revealed the marked secretory effect of catecholamines (CA) from the rabbit adrenal gland and that CA secretion induced by them is due to dual mechanisms, cholinergic action and the direct action. In the present study, an attempt to investigate the effect of panaxatriol-type saponin (PT), which is known as an active component of Korean ginseng, on the secretion of CA from the rabbit adrenal gland was made. PT(200 $\mu$g) administered into adrenal vein evoked significantly secretion of CA from the isolated perfused rabbit adrenal gland. Secretory effect of CA produced by PT was attenuated clearly by treatment with chlorisondamine or adenosine, but was markedly increased by physostigmine. Perfusion of Krebs solution containing PT (200 $\mu$g) for 30 min potentiated greatly secretion of CA induced by acetylcholine. PT-induced CA secretion was weakened considerably by ouabain treatement or perfusion of calcium-free Krebs solution. These experimental data demonstrate that PT releases CA from the isolated perfused rabbit adrenal gland by a calcium-dependentd exocytotic mechanism. It seems that the secretory effect of PT is caused through the release of acetylcholine form cholinergic terminals present in the adrenal gland and a direct action on the chromaffin cell itself.