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Autophagy Inhibitor, Chloroquine Did Not Affect Tumor Development in a Transgenic Mouse Model of HCC
( Soonyoung Shin ),( Hyuk Moon ),( Kyungjoo Cho ),( Simon W. Ro ),( Beom Kyung Kim ),( Seung Up Kim ),( Do Young Kim ),( Kwang-hyub Han ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Autophagy is an intracellular recycling process by which damaged or superfluous proteins are delivered to lysosomes for degradation, and then utilized as energy resources and macromolecular precursors. Autophagy in cancer is a highly debated subject. Research has shown that autophagy can become either tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive depending on cellular or genetic context. Here, we investigated the role of autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by applying an autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine to a transgenic mouse model of HCC. Methods: Transposons were constructed encoding an activated from of RAS (HRASG12V) and short hairpin suppressing P53 (shp53). Transposons were hydrodynamically delivered to livers of 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice. Mice were administered intraperitoneally with chloroquine at a daily dose of 60mg/kg for five weeks. Control mice were given a phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Mice were monitored at least twice per week. Results: The sizes and numbers of tumor nodules were similar between chloroquine group and control when livers were harvested at 5 weeks after the delivery of oncogenes. Animal survivals were not significantly different between the two groups, suggesting that the treatment with chloroquine does not affect liver tumorigenesis induced by HRASG12V plus shp53. Conclusions: Our study suggests that autophagy inhibition has a minimal role in HCC under the genetic context of RAS signaling activation and P53 downregulation.
( Soonyoung Shin ),( Yunsun Kim ),( Sukyoung Park ) 한국유아교육학회 2021 정기학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.1
This study examined the relationship between the professional capital of childcare teachers and the principal’s transformational leadership, with regard to change commitment and organizational effectiveness using the structural equation model. As a result of the study, it was found that change commitment had a mediating effect in the relationship between childcare teachers’ professional capital and organizational effectiveness. A mediating effect was revealed in the path of immersion. Therefore, this study confirmed that childcare teachers’ commitment to change is an important variable on the organizational effectiveness of daycare centers. Based on this finding, the director discussed the necessity of fostering collective intelligence through teacher interaction and forming an innovative daycare center culture where the principal and teachers learn from each other in order to immerse themselves in change. This study also suggested that the qualitative improvement of daycare centers can be achieved through organizational change centered on teachers.
Breaking the Trapping Sets in LDPC Codes: Check Node Removal and Collaborative Decoding
Soonyoung Kang,Jaekyun Moon,Jeongseok Ha,Jinwoo Shin IEEE 2016 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.64 No.1
<P>Trapping sets strongly degrade performance of low-density parity check (LDPC) codes in the low-error-rate region. This creates significant difficulties for the deployment of LDPC codes to low-error-rate applications such as storage and wireless systems with no or limited retransmission options. We propose a novel technique for breaking trapping sets based on collaborative decoding that utilizes two different decoding modes. While the main decoding mode executes message passing based on the original parity check matrix of the corresponding LDPC code, the sub-decoding mode operates on a modified parity check matrix formed by removing a portion of check nodes in the factor graph representation of the given code. The modified parity check matrix is designed to promote a passing of correct information into erroneous variable nodes in the trapping set. Theoretical properties of the proposed trapping-set-breaking technique have been established based on the notion of the improved separation for the trapped variable nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed collaborative LDPC decoding scheme switching between the two decoding modes back and forth effectively breaks dominant trapping sets of various known types of regular and irregular LDPC codes.</P>
Status of Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning Cost Analysis in USA
Sanghwa Shin(신상화),Soonyoung Kim(김순영) 한국방사선학회 2018 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.12 No.2
Assessment of NPP(Nuclear Power Plant) decommissioning cost is very important for safe decommissioning of nuclear power plants. In the United States, which has the most NPP decommissioning experience, the cost evaluation study has been conducted since the 1970s in order to decommissioning nuclear facilities. The US NRC has conducted studies on decommissioning technology, safety and cost for a variety of reactor type and nuclear installations. In the total decommissioning costs, the end of operation licenses accounted for the largest portion, followed by spent fuel management and site restoration. In case of immediate decommissioning, spent fuel management cost increased compared to delayed decommissioning, and delayed deocmmissioning increased the cost of terminating the operation license. However, in general, delayed decommissioning does not show any significant benefit as compared with immediate decommissioning. It is necessary to consider the evaluation according to the site conditions when evaluating the cost of decommissioning domestic nuclear power plants. Also, in Korea, IAEA recommendations were applied to reorganize the radioactive waste classification system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method to appropriately use the decommissioning data of the preceding US Nuclear Power Plant in the new classification system when estimating the amount of radioactive waste generated during decommissioning. In particular, the establishment of the evaluation methodology for the waste to be disposed of will be an important factor in securing the accuracy of the decommissioning cost. In addition, it is necessary to construct information data that can be applied to facility characteristics and work characteristics in order to evaluate the cost of demolition of domestic nuclear power plants. 원전의 안전한 해체 관리를 위해 원전 해체 비용 평가는 매우 중요하다. 가장 많은 원전 해체 경험을 갖고 있는 미국의 경우 1970년대부터 원자력시설의 해체를 위하여 비용평가 연구를 진행하였다. 미국 NRC는 다양한 로형 및 원자력시설에 대한 해체 기술, 안전성 및 비용에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 전체 해체 비용 에서 운영허가종료비용이 가장 큰 비중을 차지하며, 그 다음으로는 사용후핵연료 관리, 부지복원순으로 평가되었다. 해체비용은 전체비용에 있어 운영허가종료가 제일 큰 비중을 차지하며 사용후핵연료관리, 부지 복원 순으로 평가되었다. 즉시해체의 경우 지연해체에 비해 사용후핵연료관리 비용이 증가하였으며 지연 해체의 경우 운영허가종료의 비용이 증가하였다. 전반적으로 즉시해체에 비해 지연해체의 경우가 뚜렷하 게 이득이 보이지 않고 있다. 국내 원전 해체 비용 평가시 부지 조건에 따른 평가를 고려해야할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 또한 국내의 경우 IAEA의 권고사항을 적용하여 방사성폐기물 분류체계를 재정비하였다. 이에 따라 해체시 발생하는 방사성폐기물 물량 산정시, 선행 미국 원전해체 자료를 신분류체계에 적합하게 활용하기 위한 방법을 개발해야할 필요가 있다. 특히 자체처분 대상폐기물 평가 방법론 설정은 해체비용의 정확성을 확보하는 중요한 인자로 작용할 것이다. 또한 국내 원전해체 비용 평가를 위하여 시설 특성과 작업 특성에 적용할 수 있는 정보자료 구축이 필요하다.