Cell surface vimentin-targeted monoclonal antibody 86C increases sensitivity to temozolomide in glioma stem cells

Noh, Hyangsoon,Zhao, Qingnan,Yan, Jun,Kong, Ling-Yuan,Gabrusiewicz, Konrad,Hong, Sungguan,Xia, Xueqing,Heimberger, Amy B.,Li, Shulin Elsevier 2018 Cancer letters Vol.433 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive brain tumor. The current standard therapy, which includes radiation and chemotherapy, is frequently ineffective partially because of drug resistance and poor penetration of the blood-brain barrier. Reducing resistance and increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy may improve outcomes. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are a source of relapse and chemoresistance in GBM; sensitization of GSCs to temozoliomide (TMZ), the primary chemotherapeutic agent used to treat GBM, is therefore integral for therapeutic efficacy. We previously discovered a unique tumor-specific target, cell surface vimentin (CSV), on patient-derived GSCs. In this study, we found that the anti-CSV monoclonal antibody 86C efficiently increased GSC sensitivity to TMZ. The combination TMZ+86C induced significantly greater antitumor effects than TMZ alone in eight of 12 GSC lines. TMZ+86C–sensitive GSCs had higher CSV expression overall and faster CSV resurfacing among CSV<SUP>−</SUP> GSCs compared with TMZ+86C–resistant GSCs. Finally, TMZ+86C increased apoptosis of tumor cells and prolonged survival compared with either drug alone in GBM mouse models. The combination of TMZ+86C represents a promising strategy to reverse GSC chemoresistance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Anti-CSV monoclonal antibody 86C sensitize GSCs to TMZ treatment. </LI> <LI> GSCs with higher CSV expression are more sensitive to TMZ+86C. </LI> <LI> GSCs with higher CSV resurfacing rate among CSV<SUP>−</SUP> cells are more sensitive to TMZ+86C. </LI> <LI> TMZ+86C increased apoptosis and prolonged survival in GBM models. </LI> <LI> Tumor-specific CSV antibody 86C can efficiently target human GSCs to increase their sensitivity to TMZ. </LI> </UL> </P>

Evaluation of the Genetic Relationship among Ten Chinese Indigenous Pig Breeds with Twenty-six Microsatellite Markers

Li, Changchun,Wang, Zhigang,Liu, Bang,Yang, Shulin,Zhu, Zhengmao,Fan, Bin,Yu, Mei,Zhao, Shuhong,Li, Kui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.4

The genetic diversities and relationships of 10 Chinese indigenous pig breeds and three exotic pig breeds have been evaluated using 26 microsatellites recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization & the International Society of Animal Genetics (FAO-ISAG). The allele frequencies, genetic heterozygosity (H) and polymorphism information content (PIC) have been calculated. The results showed that genetic diversity of Chinese indigenous pig breeds is higher than that of the introduced pig breeds. The clustering of 10 breeds is generally consistent with their geographical distribution.

Convolutional Neural Networks for Analyzing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Sound

Shulin Li,HyunJong Kim,Sukhoon Lee,John C. Gallagher,Daeun Kim,SungWook Park,Eric T. Matson 제어로봇시스템학회 2018 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

The emergence of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) is pervasive throughout society. A growing segment of usage is of a dubious nature for harassment, illegal activity and terrorism. Detection of unknown UAV’s has become a requirement for many organizations and agencies to thwart the emergence of UAV’s that are in some way threatening. To detect UAV, the use of acoustic signals has become an useful area of research. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are one of several models of deep learning, applied in various fields such as image recognition and natural language processing. In this project, we design a system to detect the presence of possible detection and payload detection using CNNs on the basis of sound data generated from UAV flights. The sound of recorded drones is pre-processed into spectral data by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Mel-Frequency Cepstrum (MFCC) and given as the input value to the CNN model. The results show that it is possible to detect and differentiate UAVs which have standard weight and also with additional payload. In short, the project has two detection goals. One is the acoustic detection of a UAV, and the second is the determination if that UAV has a payload.

A retrospective study on the efficacy of Roxadustat in peritoneal dialysis patients with erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness

Jie Liu,Shuang Li,Fan Yang,Tianyu Li,Rui Li,Yousuf Waheed,Chen Meng,Shulin Li,Kun Liu,Yanshan Tong,Haisheng Xu,Chuankuo Tian,Xinglei Zhou 대한내과학회 2024 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.39 No.3

Background/Aims: Roxadustat, an oral medication for treating renal anemia, is a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor used for regulating iron metabolism and promoting erythropoiesis. To investigate the efficacy and safety of roxadustat in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) with erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness. Methods: Single-center, retrospective study, 81 PD patients (with erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness) were divided into the roxadustat group (n = 61) and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) group (n = 20). Hemoglobin (Hb), total cholesterol, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), related indicators of cardiac function and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were collected. Additionally, adverse events were also recorded. The follow-up period was 16 weeks. Results: The two groups exhibited similar baseline demographic and clinical characteristics. At baseline, the roxadustat group had a mean Hb level of 89.8 ± 18.9 g/L, while the ESAs group had a mean Hb level of 95.2 ± 16.0 g/L. By week 16, the Hb levels had increased to 118 ± 19.8 g/L (p < 0.05) in the roxadustat group and 101 ± 19.3 g/L (p > 0.05) in the ESAs group. The efficacy of roxadustat in improving anemia was not influenced by baseline levels of hs-CRP and iPTH. Cholesterol was decreased in the roxadustat group without statin use. An increase in left ventricular ejection fraction and stabilization of BNP were observed in the roxadustat group. Conclusions: For PD patients with erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness, roxadustat can significantly improve renal anemia. The efficacy of roxadustat in improving renal anemia was not affected by baseline levels of hs-CRP0 and iPTH.

Coactosin-like protein 1 inhibits neuronal migration during mouse corticogenesis

Guohong Li,Yupeng Yin,Jiong Chen,Yanle Fan,Juhong Ma,Yingxue Huang,Chen Chen,Pengxiu Dai,Shulin Chen,Shanting Zhao 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.1

Coactosin-like protein 1 (Cotl1), a member of the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family, was first purified from a soluble fraction of Dictyostelium discoideum cells. Neuronal migration requires cytoskeletal remodeling and actin regulation. Although Cotl1 strongly binds to F-actin, the role of Cotl1 in neuronal migration remains undescribed. In this study, we revealed that Cotl1 overexpression impaired migration of both early- and late-born neurons during mouse corticogenesis. Moreover, Cotl1 overexpression delayed, rather than blocked, neuronal migration in late-born neurons. Cotl1 expression disturbed the morphology of migrating neurons, lengthening the leading processes. This study is the first to investigate the function of Cotl1, and the results indicate that Cotl1 is involved in the regulation of neuronal migration and morphogenesis.

Potential of the Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Using Crossbred Population

Yang, Shulin,Zhu, Zhengmao,Li, Kui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.12

In the process of crossbreeding, the linkage disequilibria between the quantitative trait loci (QTL) and their linked markers were reduced gradually with increasing generations. To study the potential of QTL mapping using the crossbred population, we presented a mixed effect model that treated the mean allelic value of the different founder populations as the fixed effect and the allelic deviation from the population mean as random effect. It was assumed that there were fifty QTLs having effect on the trait variation, the population mean and variance were divided to each QTL in founder generation in our model. Only the additive effect was considered in this model for simulation. Six schemes (S1-S6) of crossbreeding were studied. The selection index was used to evaluate the synthetic breeding value of two traits of the individual in the scheme of S2, S4 and S6, and the individuals with high selection index were chosen as the parents of the next generation. Random selection was used in the scheme of S1, S3 and S5. In this study, we premised a QTL explained 40% of the genetic variance was located in a region of 20 cM by the linkage analysis previously. The log likelihood ratio (log LR) was calculated to determine the presence of a QTL at the particular chromosomal position in each of the generations from the fourth to twentieth. The profiles of log LR and the number of the highest log LR located in the region of 5, 10 and 20 cM were compared between different generations and schemes. The profiles and the correct number reduced gradually with the generations increasing in the schemes of S2, S4 and S6, but both of them increased in the schemes of S1, S3 and S5. From the results, we concluded that the crossbreeding population undergoing random selection was suitable for improving the resolution of QTL mapping. Even experiencing index selection, there was still enough variation existing within the crossbred population before the fourteenth generation that could be used to refine the location of QTL in the chromosome region.

Effect of Chito-oligosaccharide Supplementation on Immunity in Broiler Chickens

Deng, Xingzhao,Li, Xiaojing,Liu, Pai,Yuan, Shulin,Zang, Jianjun,Li, Songyu,Piao, Xiangshu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.11

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of either 100 mg/kg chito-oligosaccharide (COS) or chlortetracycline (CTC) with corn-soybean-fish meal on immunity in broiler chickens. A total of 147 one-day old male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 3 treatments with 7 replicate pens per treatment and 7 birds per pen. The experimental diets consisted of a control diet based on corn, soybean and fish meal without COS and any antibiotic supplement and similar diets supplemented with either CTC (80 mg/kg from d 1 to 21 and 50 mg/kg from d 22 to 42) or COS (100 mg/kg from d 1 to 42). During the entire experimental period, all birds had ad libitum access to diets and water. The main immune organ indices, T-lymphocyte proliferation, serum cytokine concentrations, serum NO level and serum iNOS activity were measured on d 21 and d 42. On d 21, broilers fed 100 mg/kg COS had improved (p<0.01) indices of spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius compared with the control and CTC birds. Birds receiving 100 mg/kg COS had higher (p<0.05) serum concentrations of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IgM, NO and iNOS than birds on the control treatment. Serum $Ca^{2+}$ level of birds fed 100 mg/kg COS tended to be higher (p = 0.049) than in birds fed CTC. On d 42, the birds fed 100 mg/kg COS had higher (p<0.05) concentrations of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IgM in serum than birds in both the CTC and control treatments. Birds fed 100 mg/kg COS had a higher concentration of IFN-$\gamma$ than the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of COS appeared to improve the immunity of broilers by promoting the weight of the main immune organs, increasing IgM secretion, stimulating microphages to release $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and IFN-$\gamma$, and activating iNOS to induce NO.

State trend prediction of hydropower units under different working conditions based on parameter adaptive support vector regression machine modeling

Guo Zhao,Shulin Li,Wanqing Zuo,Haoran Song,Heping Zhu,Wenjie Hu 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.9

To address the problem where the different operating conditions of hydropower units have a large influence on the parameters of the trend prediction model of the operating condition indicators, a support vector regression machine prediction model based on parameter adaptation is proposed in this paper. First, the Aquila optimizer (AO) is improved, and a sine chaotic map is introduced to influence the population initialization process. An improved adaptive weight factor is used to balance the local search and global search capabilities. Second, according to the power and the head, the operating conditions of the unit are refined into several typical sets of operating conditions. On this basis, an SVR model is established using the improved AO search algorithm proposed in this paper, and the prediction parameters under each of the operating condition are optimized to establish the data of the operating conditions and optimal parameters. Then a neural network is used to fit the working condition and the optimal prediction parameters. In addition, the nonlinear function mapping of the complex relationship between the two is constructed. Finally, the constructed mapping relationship is added to the traditional SVR, and an adaptive SVR prediction model suitable for changes in the working conditions of hydropower units is realized. Simulation results show that when compared to the traditional SVR prediction model, the adaptive SVR prediction model designed in this paper can automatically adjust the prediction parameters according to changes in the working conditions and achieve the goal of maintaining optimal prediction performance under different working conditions. In addition, it has the ability to accurately predict the development trend of the unit operating state index within a certain time scale.

Mapping the Mangrove Forest Restoration Potential and Conservation Gaps in China Based on Random Forest Model

Zhonghua Yu,Wei Li,Shaowei Zhang,Buqing Zhong,Jun Wang,이시영,최재혁,Shulin Deng 인간식물환경학회 2022 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Background and objective: The area of mangroves is gradually decreasing globally, and mangroves are already one of the most threatened ecosystems. Despite net growth in the mangrove areas in China, the restoration potential of mangroves is still insufficient. This study proposed the Random forest model as an excellent data mining method to map the restoration potential based on the predicted probability of mangrove habitat suitability. Methods: We demonstrated the vital environmental variables influencing habitat suitability. The de-cisive advantages of RFM were parsimonious (variables selection), cost-effective (us-ing existing open-source data), accurate (training AUC was 0.89, testing AUC was 0.91), highly efficient (fast-training speed); and its results had high explanatory power. Here, we first mapped the conservation gaps using the RFM. Results: The results showed that temperature was the most important environmental factor influencing the habitat suit-ability of mangroves. The northern limit of suitable areas was around 24°44' N. The theoretical suitable habitat area for mangrove was 196,566.6 ha (the highly suitable area was 32,551.4 ha, the medium suitable area was 164,015.2 ha). The potential area for mangrove restoration was 176,264 ha (Guangdong with 104215.4 ha, Guangxi with 65957.5 ha). Conclusion: We proposed 24 sites with conservation gaps for mangrove forests restoration and nine potential sites as examples for the further restoration plan. We took one example site with high restoration potential for further explanation: how the key environmental factors influence the habitat suitability and how to use the infor-mation to guide the restoration strategies. RFM can be used as a data mining algo-rithm for the utmost use of the presence-only ecological data, objectively evaluating the suitability of species distribution, and providing scientifically technical data for species restoration planning.

Expression Characterization, Polymorphism and Chromosomal Location of the Porcine Calsarcin-3 Gene

Wang, Heng,Yang, Shulin,Tang, Zhonglin,Mu, Yulian,Cui, Wentao,Li, Kui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.9

Calcineurin is a calmodulin dependent protein that functions as a regulator of muscle cell growth and function. Agents capable of interacting with calcineurin could have important applications in muscle disease treatment as well as in the improvement of livestock production. Calsarcins comprise a family of muscle-specific calcineurin binding proteins which play an important role in modulating the function of calcineurin in muscle cells. Recently, we described the first two members of the calsarcin family (calsarcin-1 and calsarcin-2) in the pig. Here, we characterized the third member of the calsarcin family, calsarcin-3, which is also expressed specifically in skeletal muscle. However, unlike calsarcin-1 and calsarcin-2, the calsarcin-3 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle kept rising throughout the prenatal and postnatal development periods. In addition, radiation hybrid mapping indicated that porcine calsarcin-3 mapped to the distal end of the q arm of pig chromosome 2 (SSC2). A C/T single nucleotide polymorphism site in exon 5 was genotyped using the denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) method and the allele frequencies at this locus were significantly different among breeds.