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유산균 생산 후 폐기되는 부산물 첨가 사료의 급이가 잉어(Cyprinus carpio)의 성장률, 선천성 면역, 면역연관 유전자 발현 및 항균효과에 미치는 영향
최재혁,정상목,양은총,장태원,이찬흔,박관하,최상훈,Choi, Jae Hyeok,Jung, Sang Mok,Yang, Eun Chong,Jang, Tae Won,Lee, Chan Heun,Park, Kwan Ha,Choi, Sanghoon 한국어병학회 2022 한국어병학회지 Vol.35 No.1
This study has been performed to investigate the potential effects of by-product discarded after probiotics production (BPPP) on growth performance, immune gene expression, innate-immunity status, and disease resistance of carp, Cyprinus carpio. For 3 weeks, carp were fed four diets containing different levels of BPPP at 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5% per kg of normal diet. Every 7 days of feeding, immune-related gene expression, serum lysozyme activity and ACH<sub>50</sub> were analyzed. Growth rates and challenge test with E. tarda were conducted after 3 weeks of BPPP feeding. Both lysozyme activity and ACH<sub>50</sub> were significantly (p<0.05) increased in all BPPP supplemented groups compared to the control at every 7 day for 3 weeks of feeding trial. The gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α was significantly (p<0.05) up-regulated until 21 days of feeding in all groups except for 0.2% group on day 7 post feeding. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 gene expression was only significantly (p<0.05) increased in 0.1% group on day 7 and decreased (p<0.05) on day 14 in all BPPP supplemented groups. On day 21, the IL-10 gene expression was augmented (p<0.05) in all groups. SOD gene expression was significantly (p<0.05) increased compared to the control on day 14 and 21 post feeding, whereas no significant difference was observed on day 7. In challenging test, 0.2%, 0.1%, 0.5% and control group showed 80%, 70%, 60% and 40% of survival rate, respectively. Feed conversion rate was only improved in 0.5% group. In conclusion, the present study indicates that dietary BPPP suplementation improved growth performance, innate immune response and bactericidal activity in carp.
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'물리교육론' 수업의 질문 분석을 통한 예비 교사의 요구 고찰
최재혁 한국물리학회 2017 새물리 Vol.67 No.12
This study analyzed the questions of pre-service teachers who had taken the 'Introduction to Physics education' course. The pre-service teachers were 18 sophomore students of the physics education department in a national university located in a metropolitan city. A total of 132 questions from 20 lessons were analyzed, and each lesson had an average of 6.6 questions. Pre-service teachers' demands were analyzed by using the PCK (Pedagogical Content Knowledge) components, forms, and contents of questions. The results of analyses of the questions by using the PCK components showed that the pre-service teachers demanded understanding one PCK component by asking questions about the other components. The results of an analysis of the form of questions showed that they mainly demanded to confirm their own interpretations, explain an actual situation in school practice, get actual problem solutions, and determine the lecturer's judgment on the value of PCK. The results of analyzing the contents of questions showed that their questions were about the articulation of a concept, the extension of experience, and the share of the value the lecturer put on school practice. 본 연구는 `물리교육론' 강의를 수강하는 예비 교사들이 수업 내용과 관련해 한 질문을 분석하였다. 해당 예비 교사들은 교과 교육론 수업으로 `물리교육론'을 처음 듣는 광역시 소재 국립대학 물리교육과 2학년 예비 교사 18명이었다. 연구대상의 수업은 총 20차시였으며, 질문은 전체 132개로 차시당 평균 6.6개였다. 본 연구에서는 질문을 교수 내용 지식 (Pedagogical Content Knowledge, PCK) 구성 요소, 질문의 형태, 질문의 내용으로 분석하여 예비 교사들의 요구 사항을 도출하였다. PCK 구성 요소에 따른 분석 결과에 의하면 예비 교사들은 한 PCK 구성요소를 이해하는데 있어 그 외 다른 요소와 관련한 질문을 하여 종합적으로 이해하려고 하였다. 질문의 형태에 따른 분석 결과에 의하면, 예비 교사 자신의 해석이 맞는지 확인하려고 하거나 실제 학교에서 생길 수 있는 문제를 해결하는 방안을 묻거나, 실제 학교 현장에서 구현되는 방법에 관해 구체적으로 묻거나, PCK가 어떤 가치가 있는지 강의자의 판단을 물었다.질문의 내용에 따른 분석 결과에 의하면 예비교사들은 질문을 통해 개념의 정교화, 경험의 확장, 학교 현장에 대한 강의자의 가치 판단을 공유하고자 하였다.
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두경부암 결손 부위 재건 후 발생한 재건 피판 합병증 치료를 위한 의료용 거머리의 사용
최재혁,김은혜,최나연,백정환,정만기 대한이비인후과학회 부산,울산,경남 지부회 2020 임상이비인후과 Vol.31 No.1
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to present our institutional experiences with medicinal leech application for the treatment of venous congestion in various reconstructive flaps for head and neck defects after cancer surgery. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 24 patients (8 extraoral, 16 intraoral flaps) who underwent the leech therapy for head and neck flap salvage (11 locoregional, 13 free flaps). We safely applied the leech in a syringe at congested flap site. Clinical data including sex, age, primary site, and types of flaps were investigated. The number of leeches, complications, and outcomes were assessed. Results: The leech was applied mean 1.4 days after reconstructive surgery, and mean 1.8 leeches were used per a day. Duration of leech therapy was mean 3.1 days. Of 24 cases, the entire flap was successfully salvaged in 14 (58.3%) cases, partial necrosis of flap was found in 8 (33.3%) and total necrosis in 2 (8.3%). One patient had esophagogastroscopy for swallowing of leech and 11 patients required transfusion because of anemia. Conclusions: Leech therapy could be effectively performed for both intraoral and extraoral congested head and neck flaps.
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