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Shu Zhang,Yan Jiang,Lu Zhou,Jing Xu,Gang Zhang,Lu Shen,Yan Xu 대한암학회 2024 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.56 No.2
Purpose Molecular residual disease (MRD) is the main cause of postoperative recurrence of breast cancer. However, the baseline tumor genomic characteristics and therapeutic implications of breast cancer patients with detectable MRD after surgery are still unknown. Materials and Methods In this study, we enrolled 80 patients with breast cancer who underwent next-generation sequencing–based genetic testing of 1,021 cancer-related genes performed on baseline tumor and postoperative plasma, among which 18 patients had detectable MRD after surgery. Results Baseline clinical characteristics found that patients with higher clinical stages were more likely to have detectable MRD. Analysis of single nucleotide variations and small insertions/deletions in baseline tumors showed that somatic mutations in MAP3K1, ATM, FLT1, GNAS, POLD1, SPEN, and WWP2 were significantly enriched in patients with detectable MRD. Oncogenic signaling pathway analysis revealed that alteration of the Cell cycle pathway was more likely to occur in patients with detectable MRD (p=0.012). Mutational signature analysis showed that defective DNA mismatch repair and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) mediated somatic hypermutation (SHM) were associated with detectable MRD. According to the OncoKB database, 77.8% (14/18) of patients with detectable MRD had U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved mutational biomarkers and targeted therapy. Conclusion Our study reports genomic characteristics of breast cancer patients with detectable MRD. The cell cycle pathway, defective DNA mismatch repair, and AID-mediated SHM were found to be the possible causes of detectable MRD. We also found the vast majority of patients with detectable MRD have the opportunity to access targeted therapy.
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Comparative analysis of type 2 diabetes-associated gut microbiota between Han and Mongolian people
Shu-chun Li,Yao Xiao,Ri-tu Wu,Dan Xie,Huan-hu Zhao,Gang-yi Shen,En-qi Wu 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.7
Due to the different rates of diabetes in different ethnic groupsand the structural differences in intestinal microbiota, thisstudy evaluated the changes in diabetes-related intestinal microbiotain two ethnic groups. Fifty-six stool samples werecollected from subjects from the Han and Mongolian ethnicgroups in China, including participants without diabetes(non-diabetic, ND) and with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The 16SrDNA gene V3 + V4 area was extracted from microbiota,amplified by PCR, and used to perform high-throughput sequencingand screen differential microbiota associated withethnicity. The results showed that there were 44 T2D-relatedbacterial markers in the Han subjects, of which Flavonifractor,Alistipes, Prevotella, Oscillibacter, Clostridium XlVa,and Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis were most closely relatedto diabetes. There were 20 T2D-related bacterial markers inthe Mongolian subjects, of which Fastidiosipila and Barnesiellawere most closely related to diabetes. The commonmarkers of T2D bacteria in the two ethnic groups were Papillibacterand Bifidobacterium. There were 17 metabolic pathwayswith significant differences between the ND and T2Dgroups in the Han group, and 29 metabolic pathways in theMongolian group. The glutamatergic metabolic pathway wasthe only common metabolic pathway in two ethnic groups. The composition and function of diabetes-related bacteriawere significantly different among the different ethnic groups,which suggested that the influence of ethnic differences shouldbe fully considered when studying the association betweendiabetes and bacteria. In addition, the common bacterialmarkers found in diabetic patients of different ethnic groupsin this study can be used as potential targets to study the pathogenesisand treatment of diabetes.
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Shi Shu,Yunlong Bai,Gang Wang,Xinhuan Xiao,Ziling Fan,Jiang Zhang,Chang Zhao,Yang Zhao,Cheng Xia,Hongyou Zhang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.6
Objective: Hypocalcemia is an important metabolic disease of dairy cows during the transition period, although the effect of hypocalcemia on biological function in dairy cows remains unknown. Methods: In this study, proteomic, mass spectrum, bioinformatics and western blotting were employed to identify differentially expressed proteins related to serum Ca concentration. Serum samples from dairy cows were collected at three time points: 3rd days before calving (day –3), the day of calving (day 0), and 3rd days after calving (day +3). According to the Ca concentration on day 0, a total of 27 dairy cows were assigned to one of three groups (clinical, subclinical, and healthy). Samples collected on day –3 were used for discovery of differentially expressed proteins, which were separated and identified via proteomic analysis and mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the function of the identified proteins (gene ontology and pathway analysis). The differentially expressed proteins were verified by western blot analysis. Results: There were 57 differential spots separated and eight different proteins were identified. Vitamin D-binding protein precursor (group-specific component, GC), alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) protein, and apolipoprotein A-IV were related to hypocalcemia by bioinformatics analysis. Due to its specific expression (up-regulated in clinical hypocalcemia and down-regulated in subclinical hypocalcemia), A2M was selected for validation. The results were consistent with those of proteomic analysis. Conclusion: A2M was as an early detection index for distinguishing clinical and subclinical hypocalcemia. The possible pathogenesis of clinical hypocalcemia caused by GC and apolipoprotein A-IV was speculated. The down-regulated expression of GC was a probable cause of the decrease in calcium concentration.
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Lin Chang-Gang,Zou Ming-Song,Zhang Hai-Cheng,Qi Li-Bo,Liu Shu-Xiao 대한조선학회 2021 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.13 No.1
To investigate the mechanism of friction-induced vibration and noise of ship water lubricated stern bearings, a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) nonlinear self-excited vibration model is established. The novelty of this work lies in the detailed analysis of influence of different parameters on the stability and nonlinear vibration characteristics of the system, which provides a theoretical basis for the various friction vibration and noise phenomenon and has a very important directive meaning for low noise design of water lubricated stern bearings. The results reveal that the change of any parameter, such as rotating speed of shaft, contact pressure, friction coefficient, system damping and stiffness, has an important influence on the stability and nonlinear response of the system. The vibration amplitudes of the system increase as (a) rotating speed of shaft, contact pressure, and the ratio of static friction coefficient to dynamic friction coefficient increase and (b) the transmission damping between motor and shaft decreases. The frequency spectrum of the system is modulated by the first mode natural frequency, which is continuous multi-harmonics of the first mode natural frequency. The response of the system presents a quasi-periodic motion.
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Qun Huang,Shu-gang Li,Hui Teng,Yong-guo Jin,Mei-hu Ma,Hong-bo Song 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.6
Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides were prepared from ovalbumin using enzyme hydrolysis with pepsin as an enzyme source. Effects of pH, enzyme dosage, substrate concentration, hydrolysis temperature, and time on the degree of hydrolysis and the ACE inhibition rate were investigated using single factor experiments. Preparation conditions for ACE inhibitory peptides were optimized using a response surface design on the base of single factor experiments. Optimum preparation conditions were a substrate concentration of 5.2 g/100 mL of D.W with a pH value of 2.5, an enzyme dosage of 14,000 U/g, and a hydrolysis time of 250 min at 30℃. The ACE inhibition rate was up to 70.55±1.13% under these conditions.
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Robotics in Cervical Spine Surgery: Feasibility and Safety of Posterior Screw Placement
Lu-Ping Zhou,Zhi-Gang Zhang,Dui Li,Shu Fang,Rui Sheng,Ren-Jie Zhang,Cai-Liang Shen 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.1
Objective: Robot-assisted (RA) techniques have been widely investigated in thoracolumbar spine surgery. However, the application of RA methods on cervical spine surgery is rare due to the complex morphology of cervical vertebrae and catastrophic complications. Thus, the feasibility and safety of RA cervical screw placement remain controversial. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of RA screw placement on cervical spine surgery. Methods: A comprehensive search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase Database, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Databases, and Wanfang Database was performed to select potential eligible studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), comparative cohort studies, and case series reporting the accuracy of cervical screw placement were included. The Cochrane risk of bias criteria and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria were utilized to rate the risk of bias of the included literatures. The primary outcome was the rate of cervical screw placement accuracy with robotic guidance; subgroup analyses based on the screw type and insertion segments were also performed. Results: One RCT, 3 comparative cohort studies, and 3 case series consisting of 160 patients and 719 cervical screws were included in this meta-analysis. The combined outcomes indicated that the rates of optimal and clinically acceptable cervical screw placement accuracy under robotic guidance were 88.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 84.1%–91.4%; p = 0.073; I 2 = 47.941%) and 98.4% (95% CI, 96.8%–99.5%; p = 0.167; I2 = 35.954%). The subgroup analyses showed that the rate of optimal pedicle screw placement accuracy was 88.2% (95% CI, 83.1%–92.6%; p = 0.057; I2 = 53.305%); the rates of optimal screw placement accuracy on C1, C2, and subaxial segments were 96.2% (95% CI, 80.5%–100.0%; p = 0.167; I2 = 44.134X%), 89.7% (95% CI, 80.6%–96.6%; p = 0.370; I2 = 0.000X%), and 82.6% (95% CI, 70.9%–91.9%; p = 0.057; I2 = 65.127X%;), respectively. Conclusion: RA techniques were associated with high rates of optimal and clinically acceptable screw positions. RA cervical screw placement is accurate, safe, and feasible in cervical spine surgery with promising clinical potential.
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Chong-fang Sun,Shu-ting Liang,Xiao-jun Zhu,Hu Li,Jian-min Guo,Gang Li,Ya-min Song,Dong-yue Wu 한국콘크리트학회 2020 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.14 No.1
This paper reports the results of a seismic performance study of a precast shear wall with a new horizontal connection. The new connection is the rabbet-unbonded horizontal connection, which is composed of rabbets and unbonded rebar segments. The rabbets are used to improve the shear capacity and prevent slippage of the connection, and the unbonded rebar segments are used to improve the ductility and energy dissipation. Three specimens were tested with different parameters under cyclic quasi-static loading. The test results showed that the specimen with a larger unbonded level had a richer hysteresis curve, larger ductility, larger energy dissipation, and slightly smaller bearing capacity. Moreover, in relation to the stiffness degradation, in the initial stage, the specimen with a larger unbonded level had a smaller stiffness, whereas in the last stage, the stiffnesses were similar regardless of the unbonded level. A parameter analysis using a finite element model proved that the ductility and energy dissipation of a shear wall with the rabbet-unbonded horizontal connection increased with the unbonded length and level. In addition, when the axial compression ratio increased, the bearing capacity increased, but the load-displacement curves decreased more rapidly. It was concluded that the unbonded length and unbonded level could effectively improve the ductility and energy dissipation of a shear wall. However, they should not be too large under high pressure, and the design suggestions for the new connection need further research considering other factors.
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The effects of LNG-tank sloshing on the global motions of FLNG system
Zhi-Qiang Hu,Shu-Ya Wang,Gang Chen,Shu-Hong Chai,Yu-Ting Jin 대한조선학회 2017 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.9 No.1
This paper addresses a study of inner-tank sloshing effect on motion responses of a Floating Liquefied Natural Gas (FLNG) system, through experimental analysis and numerical modeling. To investigate hydrodynamic characteristics of FLNG under the conditions of with and without LNG-tank sloshing, a series of numerical simulations were carried out using potential flow solver SESAM. To validate the numerical simulations, model tests on the FLNG system was conducted in both liquid and solid ballast conditions with 75% tank filling level in height. Good correlations were observed between the measured and predicted results, proving the feasibility of the numerical modeling technique. On the verified numerical model, Response Amplitude Operators (RAOs) of the FLNG with 25% and 50% tank filling levels were calculated in six degrees of freedom. The influence of tank sloshing with varying tank filling levels on the RAOs has been presented and analyzed. The results showed that LNG-tank sloshing has a noticeable impact on the roll motion response of the FLNG and a moderate tank filling level is less helpful in reducing the roll motion response.
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