In vivo genome editing targeted towards the female reproductivesystem

Masahiro Sato,Masato Ohtsuka,Shingo Nakamura,Takayuki Sakurai,Satoshi Watanabe,Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.9

The discovery of sequence specific nucleases such as ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas9 has revolutionized genome editing. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has particularly emerged as a highly simple and efficient approach towards generating genome-edited animal models of most of the experimental species. The limitation of these novel genome editing tools is that, till date, they depend on traditional pronuclear injection (PI)-based transgenic technologies developed over the last three decades. PI requires expensive micromanipulator systems and the equipment operators must possess a high level of skill. Therefore, since the establishment of PI-based transgenesis, various research groups worldwide have attempted to develop alternative and simple gene delivery methods. However, owing to the failure of chromosomal integration of the transgene, none of these methods gained the level of confidence as that by the PI method in order to be adapted as a routine approach. The recently developed genome editing systems do not require complicated techniques. Therefore, presently, attention is being focused on non-PIbased gene delivery into germ cells for simple and rapid production of genetically engineered animals. For example, a few reports during the previous 1–2 years demonstrated the use of electroporation (EP) in isolated zygotes that helped to overcome the absolute dependency on PI techniques. Recently, another breakthrough technology called genome editing via oviductal nucleic acids delivery (GONAD) that directly delivers nucleic acids into zygotes within the oviducts in situ was developed. This technology completely relieves the bottlenecks of animal transgenesis as it does not require PI and ex vivo handling of embryos. This review discusses in detail the in vivo gene delivery methods targeted towards female reproductive tissues as these methods that have been developed over the past 2–3 decades can now be re-evaluated for their suitability to deliver the CRISPR/Cas9 components to produce transgenic animals. This review also provides an overview of the latest advances in CRISPR-enabled delivery technologies that have caused paradigm shifts in animal transgenesis methodologies.

Sarcopenic Dysphagia and Simplified Rehabilitation Nutrition Care Process: An Update

Kakehi Shingo,Isono Eri,Wakabayashi Hidetaka,Shioya Moeka,Ninomiya Junki,Aoyama Yohei,Murai Ryoko,Sato Yuka,Takemura Ryohei,Mori Amami,Masumura Kei,Suzuki Bunta 대한재활의학회 2023 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.47 No.5

Sarcopenic dysphagia is characterized by weakness of swallowing-related muscles associated with whole-body sarcopenia. As the number of patients with sarcopenia increases with the aging of the world, the number of patients with sarcopenic dysphagia is also increasing. The prevalence of sarcopenic dysphagia is high in the institutionalized older people and in patients hospitalized for pneumonia with dysphagia in acute care hospitals. Prevention, early detection and intervention of sarcopenic dysphagia with rehabilitation nutrition are essential. The diagnosis of sarcopenic dysphagia is based on skeletal and swallowing muscle strength and muscle mass. A reliable and validated diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenic dysphagia is used. Sarcopenic dysphagia is associated with malnutrition, which leads to mortality and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) decline. The rehabilitation nutrition approach improves swallowing function, nutrition status, and ADL. A combination of aggressive nutrition therapy to improve nutrition status, dysphagia rehabilitation, physical therapy, and other interventions can be effective for sarcopenic dysphagia. The rehabilitation nutrition care process is used to assess and problem solve the patient’s pathology, sarcopenia, and nutrition status. The simplified rehabilitation nutrition care process consists of a nutrition cycle and a rehabilitation cycle, each with five steps: assessment, diagnosis, goal setting, intervention, and monitoring. Nutrition professionals and teams implement the nutrition cycle. Rehabilitation professionals and teams implement the rehabilitation cycle. Both cycles should be done simultaneously. The nutrition diagnosis of undernutrition, overnutrition/obesity, sarcopenia, and goal setting of rehabilitation and body weight are implemented collaboratively.

High-Performance Pipelined VLSI Architecture of the LMS Adaptive Filter

Kyo Takahashi,Shingo Sato,Yoshitaka Tsunekawa 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7

This paper presents a high-performance pipelined VLSI architecture of the LMS adaptive filter derived by a cut-set retiming technique (CSRT). The architecture has a minimum output latency, high sampling rate, small hardware, and low power dissipation, simultaneously.

DNA barcoding suggested the existence of cryptic species and high biodiversity of South Korean pseudoscorpions (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones)

Hajime Ohira,Koichi Sato,Tadaaki Tsutsumi,Shingo Kaneko,최혁재 국립중앙과학관 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.11 No.3

Pseudoscorpions are one of the common arthropod in soil mesofauna but are infrequently studied in East Asia. The fauna in South Korea is not adequate enough, and practical faunistic survey of pseudoscorpions have not been conducted in last 20 years. In this article, the current pseudoscorpion fauna in South Korea is reviewed, and the results of the survey in Chungcheongnam-do Province, the DNA barcoding (mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase I sequencing) and molecular phylogenetic analysis are shown. A total 64 specimens, including four species, Allochthonius (Allochthonius) buanensis, Bisetocreagris japonica, Bisetocreagris turkestanica (first record from South Korea), and Microbisium pygmaeum, were collected. The result of molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the cytochrome c oxidase I sequences (427 bp) implied the existence of a possible cryptic species within A. (A.) buanensis. Faunistic survey and DNA barcoding of South Korean species can greatly contribute to the understanding of East Asian pseudoscorpion systematics.

Microintaglio Printing Enables to Reproduce the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology on Microarray Chips

Takanori Ichiki,Shusuke Sato,Manish Biyani,Shingo Ueno 한국표면공학회 2013 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2013 No.11

Foxf2 represses bone formation via Wnt2b/β-catenin signaling

Tanaka Tomoyuki,Takahashi Akira,Kobayashi Yutaka,Saito Masanori,Xiaolong Sun,Jingquan Chen,Ito Yoshiaki,Kato Tsuyoshi,Ochi Hiroki,Sato Shingo,Yoshii Toshitaka,Okawa Atsushi,Carlsson Peter,Inose Hiroyu 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts is a critical process for proper skeletal development and acquisition/maintenance of bone mass. However, since this regulatory mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated, the treatment of severe osteoporosis and fractures is a challenge. Here, through a comprehensive analysis of gene expression during the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts, we show that the forkhead transcription factor Foxf2 is a crucial regulator of this process. Foxf2 expression transiently increased during MSC osteoblastic differentiation. Overexpression of Foxf2 in MSCs inhibited osteoblastic differentiation, and conversely, knockdown of Foxf2 expression promoted this process. Osteoprogenitor-specific Foxf2 knockout mice developed a high bone mass phenotype due to increased bone formation. RNA-seq analysis and molecular experiments revealed that Foxf2 regulation of bone formation is mediated by Wnt2b. Knockdown of Foxf2 in mouse femurs enhanced bone regeneration in vivo. FOXF2 expression was correlated with hip bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. Finally, inhibition of FOXF2 promoted osteoblastic differentiation of human MSCs. This study uncovers a critical role of Foxf2 in the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts and provides insight into the pathogenesis associated with bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis and nonunion after fracture