한 정신병원에서의 강박 처치에 대한 입원 환자 및 병원 직원의 지각의 차이

채정호,차성조,함웅,이규항,이정균 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.5

한 정신병원에서 강박처치의 적응증, 합병증, 대체법, 감정적 영향, 적당한 처치 시간, 처치의 효능과 필요성등을 병원에 입원 중인 환자들과 직원들에게 설문조사를 하여 양 집단간에 차이가 있는 지를 알아봄으로써 환자들과 직원들간에 있는 강박처치에 대한 지각 차이를 조사하고 나아가 강박처치 시행의 규준을 확립하기 위한 기본 자를 제시하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 강박처치의 적응증에 대해서 입원환자들은 대부분의 항목에 대해 부정적으로 보았고 단지 타환자에 대한 신체적 공격에 대해서만 다소 긍정적인 반응을 보인 반면 직원들의 경우 자해, 타환자에 대한 신체적 공격, 치료진에 대한 공격 등에 높은 응답율을 보였다. 강박처치의 부작용에 대한 지각은 입원환자의 경우 정신상태의 악화, 자해의 증가 등에 대해 보다 민감하게 반응 하였고, 실제로 경험한 부작용에 있어서는 직원들의 경우 피부박탈을 더 강조한 반면 환자군에서는 호흡곤란, 정신 상태의 악화 등을 강조하였다. 강제 처치에 대한 대체치료 방법으로는 환자군에서 면담을 중요시한 반면 직원군에서는 격리실의 이용을 강조하였다. 신체억제와 고용량의 정온화를 비교한 것은 환자군에서 신체억제가 더 효과적이라고 하였다. 신체억제 동안 느끼는 감정에 대한 지각에서 환자군은 슬픔을 가장 많이 보고하였고, 직원군은 적개심을 가장 많이 느낄 것으로 추정하였다. 신체억제의 시간에 대해서는 환자군이 긴 것으로 지각하고 있으며, 이상적인 신체억제의 시간은 환자군이 짧은 것이 좋다고 생각하고 있었다. 본 연구 결과 정신과 입원환자들과 병원직원들은 강박처치에 대하여 유의한 지각의 차이가 있다는 것을 알았으며 정신병원내에서 강제처치를 실시할 때에는 명확한 강박처치 시행에 대한 규준에 따라야 할 것임을 확인할 수 있었다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine different perceptions of physical restraint and their nature between psychiatric inpatients and hospital staffs in a mental hospital and to provide baseline data for establishing the practicing standard of this therapeutic maneuver. Methods : Two hundred and two psychiatric inpatients who experienced physical restraint and 103 hospital staffs who frequently used this maneurer were surveyed with a questionnaire regarding indications, complications, alternative methods, emotional influences, duration of treatment and subjective effects of restraint. Results : Regarding indications of physical restraint, the inpatient group had negative viewpoint on the most items except "physical assault to other patients". Regarding the perception about possible complications of this treatment, the inpatient group had more concerns about "deterioration of mental status" and "increasing risk of self-injury". For experienced complications, staffs stressed "skin abrasion " while inpatients believed of "respiratory difficulties" and "deterioration of mental status" more frequently. As alternative methods of physical restraint, "increasing frequency of interview" was suggested by the inpatient group and "using seclusion room" was favored by the staff group. The inpatient group had an impression that physical restraint was more effective than high-dose neuroleptic tranquilization. For suspected emotion during this procedure, the inpatient group reported "sorrow" most frequently while the staff group presumed that "hostility" might be most frequent. Inpatients estimated that the average duration of physical restraint was longer than staffs did. Ideal duration of physical restraint was shorter in the inpatient group. Conclusion : These results suggest that there are definite differences in the perception of physical restraint between psychiatric inpatients and hospital staffs. Formal practing guideline for restraint should be set up with careful attention for these differences to maximize the therapeutic effect of this maneuver.

Coinfected cases with equine herpesvirus type 1, 4 and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in throughbred horse

( Seong Guk Kim ),( Gil Jae Cho ),( Min Hee Cho ),( Young Hoan Kim ),( Hong Young Lee ),( Jeong Hye Choi ),( Jeong Hwa Kim ),( Seong Kyoon Choi ) 한국가축위생학회 2011 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

The Thoroughbred horse was an approximately 4-years-old castrated male with highly emaciation, nasal epistaxis and subsequently died. Gross necropsy revealed epistaxis and hyperemia on the lung, multiple hemorrhage in muscle, and liver was focally attached to the peritoneum with fibrin. According to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Equine herpes virus type 1 and 4 (EHV type 1, 4) was detected in the lung and trachea. In bacterial culture from kidney, liver, spleen, muscle and blood, Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was isolated. Based on the gross lesion and PCR, this horse was diagnosed as EHV type 1, 4 and S. zooepidemicus coinfection.

경북지방 환돈에서 분리한 Streptococcus suis의 생화학적 성상 및 약제감수성

최성균(Seong-kyoon Choi),김성국(Seong-guk Kim),김영환(Young-hoan Kim),최정혜(Jeong-hye Choi),조민희(Min-hee Jo),조길재(Gil-jae Cho) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.10

Streptococcus suis는 사람과 돼지에서 다양한 감염을 유발하는 병원체이다. 2004년부터 2009년까지 경북지방 양돈장에서 병성감정 의뢰한 돼지 가검물을 대상으로 S. suis를 분리하여 생화학적 성상, 약제감수성 시험 및 PCR을 이용한 동정을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 40개 농장에서 분리한 61주의 S. suis에 대하여 생화학적 성상시험 결과 모두 S. suis로 동정되었으며, VP 음성, hippurate, esculin, arginine decarboxylase 양성, lactose 분해능이 있는 것으로 나타났다. Trehalose와 starch 분해능은 비교적 높게 나타났으며 생화학적 성상에 따른 phenotype은 11형으로 나누어졌다. 항생제 감수성 시험 결과 대부분의 균주가 amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cephalothin, cefoperazone, florfenicol에 높은 감수성을 나타내었지만 amikacin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline에는 높은 내성을 나타내었다. 16S-rRNA 특이유전자 부위를 이용한 PCR 결과 공시균주 모두 304 bp에서 증폭산물이 관찰되었다. 이들 결과는 국내에서 사육되고 있는 돼지에서 S. suis 감염을 예방하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다. Streptococcus suis is a worldwide pathogen of a variety of porcine infection and has also been described as a pathogen for humans. We studied biochemical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and identification of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of S. suis isolated from diseased pigs in Gyeongbuk province from 2004 to 2009. Sixty-one isolates were identified as S. suis by biochemical characteristics and PCR from 40 farms. The biochemical characteristics of S. suis isolates were production of VP-negative, hippurate, esculin, and arginine decarboxylase-positive, and fermentation of carbohydrate was variable lactose, trehalose, inulin, and raffinose, which was typeable 11 phenotype. In an antimicrobial susceptibility test, the majority of isolates were highly susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cephalothin, cefoperazone and florfenicol, while being highly resistant to streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, neomycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. The isolates were divided into 11 phenotypes of biochemistry. By using PCR, the 16S-rRNA gene DNA fragment was detected at 304 bp frm all of isolates. These results may provide the basic information needed to establish strategies for the prevention of S. suis infection in pigs.

Coinfected cases with equine herpesvirus type 1, 4 and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in throughbred horse

Kim, Seong-Guk,Cho, Gil-Jae,Cho, Min-Hee,Kim, Young-Hoan,Lee, Hong-Young,Choi, Jeong-Hye,Kim, Jeong-Hwa,Choi, Seong-Kyoon The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2011 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

The Thoroughbred horse was an approximately 4-years-old castrated male with highly emaciation, nasal epistaxis and subsequently died. Gross necropsy revealed epistaxis and hyperemia on the lung, multiple hemorrhage in muscle, and liver was focally attached to the peritoneum with fibrin. According to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Equine herpes virus type 1 and 4 (EHV type 1, 4) was detected in the lung and trachea. In bacterial culture from kidney, liver, spleen, muscle and blood, Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was isolated. Based on the gross lesion and PCR, this horse was diagnosed as EHV type 1, 4 and S. zooepidemicus coinfection.

폐광산지역 토양에서 중금속과 PAHs 농도 분포 상관관계

( Seong Kan Ki ),( Ha Seung Park ),( Rae Hyeon Jo ),( Kyoung Kyoon Choi ),( Hyun Yang ),( Jeong Hun Park ) 한국환경농학회 2014 한국환경농학회지 Vol.33 No.4

BACKGROUND: Heavy metals contamination of soils in the vicinity of abandoned mines in South Korea has been investigated. However, PAHs contamination rarely has been studied. Both heavy metals and PAHs concentrations have been measured in this study. METHODS AND RESULTS: The samples of soil and sediment were collected from the vicinities of three abandoned coal mines and two abandoned metal mines for analysis of heavy metals contaminants and PAHs concentration from April to September 2012. After preparation of these samples following the Korean standard test method for soils, the concentrations of heavy metals contaminants and PAHs were measured using ICP-OES and GC-MS, respectively. It was observed that the concentration of Arsenic was above the concern level based on ‘area 1’ suggested by Korean soil conservation law, resulting that Arsenic is the main contaminant in these areas. Also Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were observed as a partialcontaminants. The concentrations of other investigated components including benzo(a)pyrene were less than the concern level. CONCLUSION: The correlation observed between Arsenic (as main contaminant) and PAHs concentrations suggested that the contaminant source and pathway are different for each other. The effect of mine activity on PAHs concentration was rarely observed.

Analysis of Peak Velocity and Mean Velocity According to Shimming Technique in 2D Phase Contrast

Seong-Ho Kim,Soon-Yong Kwon,Chung-Hwan Kang,Hyun-Keun Jeong,Sang-Woo Kim,Young-Joon Park,Dong-Kyoon Han,Joo-Wan Hong,Yeong-Cheol Heo 한국자기학회 2018 Journal of Magnetics Vol.23 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in peak velocity (PV) and average flow (AF) values between the shimming of the aortic arch (AA) and the left ventricle (LV) using the 2D phase contrast (PC) technique at 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla. The sino-tubular junction (S-T junction), the proximal AA, and the LV, an aortic valve, were examined using a 2D PC technique at 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla. At 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla, 2D PC technique was used to examine the proximal AA Sino-Tubular (S-T) junction and LV was examined at the aortic valve area. shim was not used (no_Shim) in 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla to compare differences in heart blood flow due to magnetic field strength. To assess the difference due to shimming, an auto_shim, target_shim was used and an all_shimthat used auto and target shim simultaneously was used. The average value between 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla as a result of inspection was different when AA_AF was no_shim and all_shim. In LV_AF, the difference in mean values was found in 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla when it was no_shim and all_shim. Other tests did not show any significant differences. Also, according to the shimming method in 1.5 Tesla, the mean value difference occurred in AA_AF and the mean value difference in LV_AF in 3.0 Tesla. In conclusion, it is necessary to improve uniformity of magnetic field through shimming for accurate blood flow evaluation in 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla. Therefore, this study is expected to be used as a basis for improving the uniformity of magnetic field.

Performance improvement of 2 stage GM-type pulse tube Cryocooler for cryopump

Seong-Je Park,Deuk-Yong Koh,Jeong-Kyoon Suh 한국초전도저온학회 (구 한국초전도저온공학회) 2011 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.13 No.4

음성정보 화일관리 시스템

정성택(Seong Taek Jeong),이규영(Q Young Lee),김진오(Jin Oh Kim),이균하(Kyoon Ha Lee) 한국정보과학회 1993 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.20 No.1

본 논문에서는 동시에 여러 사용자의 음성 서비스 요구를 처리하는데 있어서, 성능에 큰 영향을 미치는 디스크 보조기억장치의 입출력 성능을 향상 시킨 화일 관리 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 제안된 화일 관리 시스템은 최소 입출력 단위를 트랙으로 처리하고 화일 할당 테이블을 음성 정보의 저장에 적합한 구조를 가지게 구성함으로써 음성 서비스가 효율적으로 제공되게 하였다. 그리고 기존의 범용 화일 관리 시스템과 성능을 비교, 분석하여 본 논문에서 구현된 화일 관리 시스템이 음성 서비스를 지원하는 측면에서 더 효율적임을 증명하였다.

넓은 입력 범위에서 576 μV/V 직류 선로 전압 변동률을 갖춘 Low Dropout Regulator 설계

박성호(Seong Ho Park),정덕균(Deog-Kyoon Jeong) 대한전자공학회 2017 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.6

Effects of Protein Supply from Soyhulls and Wheat Bran on Ruminal Metabolism, Nutrient Digestion and Ruminal and Omasal Concentrations of Soluble Non-ammonia Nitrogen of Steers

Kim, Jeong-Hoon,Oh, Young-Kyoon,Kim, Kyoung-Hoon,Choi, Chang-Won,Hong, Seong-Koo,Seol, Yong-Joo,Kim, Do-Hyung,Ahn, Gyu-Chul,Song, Man-Kang,Park, Keun-Kyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.9

Three beef steers fitted with permanent cannulae in the rumen and duodenum were used to determine the effects of protein supply from soyhulls (SH) and wheat bran (WB) on ruminal metabolism, blood metabolites, nitrogen metabolism, nutrient digestion and concentrations of soluble non-ammonia nitrogen (SNAN) in ruminal (RD) and omasal digesta (OD). In a 3${\times}$3 Latin square design, steers were offered rice straw and concentrates formulated either without (control) or with two brans to increase crude protein (CP) level (9 vs. 11% dietary DM for control and bran-based diets, respectively). The brans used were SH and WB that had similar CP contents but different ruminal CP degradability (52 vs. 80% CP for SH and WB, respectively) for evaluating the effects of protein degradability. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were higher for bran diets (p<0.01) than for the control, and for WB (p<0.001) compared to the SH diet. Similarly, microbial nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen were significantly increased (p<0.05) by bran and WB diets, respectively. Retained nitrogen tended (p<0.082) to be increased by SH compared with the WB diet. Intestinal and total tract CP digestion was enhanced by bran diets. In addition, bran diets tended (p<0.085) to increase intestinal starch digestion. Concentrations of SNAN fractions in RD and OD were higher (p<0.05) for bran diets than for the control, and for WB than for the SH diet. More rumendegraded protein supply resulting from a higher level and degradability of CP released from SH and WB enhanced ruminal microbial nitrogen synthesis and ruminal protein degradation. Thus, free amino acids, peptides and soluble proteins from microbial cells as well as degraded dietary protein may have contributed to increased SNAN concentrations in the rumen and, consequently, the omasum. These results indicate that protein supply from SH and WB, having a low level of protein (13 and 16%, respectively), could affect ruminal metabolism and nutrient digestion if inclusion level is relatively high (>20%).