Management of Greying of Hairs (Sheeb) and Use of Hair Dyes (Khizaab) in Unani Medicine

Rani, Seema Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2018 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.8 No.2

Greying of hairs or Canities (Sheeb) is a hair disorder characterized by premature graying of scalp hair, beard, moustache etc. In Unani system of medicine (USM), the causes of premature greying of hairs, concept behind graying of hairs, principles of treatment, preparations that prevent premature greying of hairs, regimen, systemic and local treatment to stimulate pigmentation and the most interesting point is the use of different type of hair dyes (khizabat) is all illustrated. Classical texts described black, red, blond and white hair dye preparations with formulae and method of use. Initially for the hair graying management, utilizing simple and complex substances from plants, minerals, metals and mixture of these was the main method, which satisfied the desire to change the colour of the hair. With the advancement in chemical science, dyes formulaes, method of formation and application are changed. But due to the awareness about demerits of chemical dyes, people are looking back towards the natural ways to combat hair greying and herbal hair dye is an alternative. This paper is an overview of Unani drugs of local and internal use for hair greying with special attention towards herbal dyes. Most commonly used herbs in khizaab with their actions and constituents has been summarized. This is an effort to globalize the benefits of Unani herbs in hair greying problem. In short, International demand for hair dyes has been steadily growing and there is a wide scope for exploring different aspects of hair greying treatment and dyes in USM.

Spatial distribution of aerosol optical depth over India during COVID-19 lockdown phase-1

Seema Rani,Rajesh Kumar 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.3

The present study analysed the spatial distribution of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) over India during the COVID-19 lockdown phase -1 (March 25 to April 15, 2020) using MODIS Terra (MOD04) AOD data (550 nm) during 2001–2020. Air temperature, rainfall, forest fire incidents, and wind patterns were analysed to understand their effect on the distribution of aerosols over India during the lockdown phase-1. Moderate absorption fine aerosol type is predominant but sparsely distributed over India during the study period compared to the reference period indicating the positive influence of the lockdown. Mean AOD has reduced by 9% over India during the lockdown phase-1 compared to the corresponding mean of the past 19 years (2001–2019). About 70% of the states/UTs of India showed a reduction in mean AOD due to restrictions on non-essential economic activities and rainfall occurrence. However, some states showed an increase in aerosol loading over specific pockets despite the restrictions on economic activities (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur and Karnataka) because of active forest fire cases. This study would be helpful for planners and policymakers to adopt suitable measures to control the rising concentrations of aerosols over hotspot regions of India.

Ethnomedicinal and pharmacological activities of Mochrus (Bombax ceiba Linn.): An overview

Seema Rani,Khaleequr Rahman,Arshiya Sultana 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2016 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.6 No.1

Traditional system of medicine mentioned the use of plants in treatment of various human ailments. Mochrus (Bombax ceiba Linn.) is one of the medicinal plants used in Unani medicine since time immemorial. It is a very tall tree with approximately 150 feet height. It is widely found in temperate Asia, tropical Asia, Africa and Australia. In India, it can be found at altitudes up to 1500 m. In peninsular India, the tree is very common in the dry as well as moist deciduous forests and near rivers. It is reported to possess qabiz (constipative); mujaffif (siccative); muqawwi rehm (uterine tonic); nafi sailan rehm (beneficial in leucorrhea); mumsik wa mughalliz mani (increase consistency of semen); muallide mani (production of semen); habise tams (amenorrhoic); dafi fasaad khoon wa safra (purifies blood and bile); taskeen hiddat aza (hotness of organs); muqawi asnan wa lissa (tonic to teeth and gums) etc. Ethnobotanical studies prove that it is used in diarrhoea, asthma, impotency, boils, wounds, leprosy, pimples and many other skin diseases. It is an anthelmintic remedy since ancient time. Pharmacological studies like hypotensive, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiangiogenic, anti- bacterial, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, diuretic, anthelmintic, anticancer, spermatogenic and anti-helicobacter pylori activities have been evaluated for various parts of this plant that confirms to its use in classical medicine.

Anomalous cutaneous branch of median nerve in arm: a report of anatomical variation with clinical implications

Seema Singh,Neerja Rani,Parul Kaushal,Hitesh Kumar,A Sharrif,T S Roy 대한해부학회 2014 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.47 No.2

The objective of the study was to observe and document the variation on the subject of branches of the median nerve. This report will assist clinicians and surgeons by considering anatomical variation associated with the median nerve in interpreting atypical clinical presentations. The arm and forearm region of a 55 year embalmed male cadaver during educational gross anatomy dissection. We found that an anomalous cutaneous branch arising from the median nerve in the right arm which was passing deep to the tendon of the biceps brachii. Later it enters the cubital fossa and then it is accompanied by the superficial vein of the forearm. The other limb of the cadaver did not show any such variation. No other neural, arterial or muscular variation was observed in either of the limbs. A rare anatomical variation in which the anomalous cutaneous branch arising from the median nerve in the right arm which is later accompanied by a superficial vein in the forearm. Such knowledge is advantageous in nerve grafting and neurophysiological evaluation for diagnosing peripheral neuropathies.

Development of myenteric plexus in human foetuses: a quantitative study

Neerja Rani,Taposh Das,Tarasankar Roy,Ahmadulla Shariff,Seema Singh 대한해부학회 2015 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.48 No.2

Maturation of neurons of the myenteric plexus (MP) of human fetal sigmoid colon was studied at various weeks of gestation (WG). There is abundant literature on the development of MP in various segments of the gut but there are fewer reports on the development of MP in human sigmoid colon which is a site of various disorders. Sigmoid colonic segments from 12 aborted foetuses aged 14-23WG were processed for NADPH histochemistry. Stereologic evaluation of the neuronal cell profiles, numerical density, number of neurons per ganglion and myenteric fraction was conducted using using imageJ software. According to gestational age, foetuses were assigned into two groups (group 1 [n=7], less than 17WG). The overall size of neuronal cell profiles in the MP was significantly increased (P

Synthesis and adsorption properties of mesoporous material for the removal of dye safranin: Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics

Sumanjit Kaur,Seema Rani,R.K. Mahajan,M. Asif,Vinod Kumar Gupta 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.22 No.-

A highly ordered large pore mesoporous adsorbent MCM-41 is synthesized and characterized by XRD,BET, FTIR and SEM. Effect of contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, pH and temperaturewere studied for adsorption of dye safranin on MCM-41. Experimental data were investigated for variousthermodynamic models and kinetic models and corroborated that adsorption followed second orderkinetic model. Langmuir model evidenced the maximum adsorption capacity as 68.8 mg g 1 at 303 K. Thermodynamic parameters surmised that adsorption of safranin on MCM-41 is spontaneous,exothermic and feasible.

Synthesis, characterization and adsorptive application of ferrocene based mesoporous material for hazardous dye Congo red

Sumanjit Kaur,Seema Rani,Vipin Kumar,R.K. Mahajan,Mohammad Asif,Inderjeet Tyagi,Vinod Kumar Gupta 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.26 No.-

Mesoporous adsorbent is prepared first time using ferrocene based surfactant as a template and adsorption of azo dye Congo red is investigated. Adsorbent is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and N2 adsorption–desorption and deduced a lofty surface area of 342 m2/g. Effect of contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration and temperature were speculated to optimize adsorption conditions. Experimental data were contemplated for various kinetics and thermodynamic models at different temperatures and insinuated that adsorption process is film diffusion controlled and followed second order kinetics. Langmuir model imparted high value of monolayer capacity as 312.5 mg/g. The values of thermodynamic parameters like enthalpy (DH) and entropy (DS) were found to be 49.94 kJ/mol and 265.5 J/K/mol, respectively, and negative values of DG corroborated that the present adsorption system is feasible, spontaneous and endothermic.

Evaluation of Anti-venom effect of Tiryaq-e-arba in rabbit models

Ahsan, Mohd. Tarique,Rani, Seema Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.4

Background: Tiryaq-e-arba is a polyherbal Unani antidote/antivenom formulation used in the management of poisoning due to snake bite, scorpion bite as well as in cold poisons since time immemorial. Objectives: Tiryaq-e-arba was not evaluated scientifically before this study carried out, therefore it was studied for antivenom activity by testing on plasma fibrinogen level in Russell's Viper envenomation in rabbits. Material &Methods: The anti-venom activity of the test drug was studied by observing its effect on plasma fibrinogen level in Russell's Viper envenomation in rabbits by the method of Netelson. Results: The plasma fibrinogen level was found to be 171±665.04 mg/100 ml of blood, 36.18±1.12 mg/100 ml of blood, 33.14±0.52 mg/100 ml of blood and 17.9±1.65 mg/100 ml of blood at 0, 1, 3 and 6 hours respectively in control animals while in the test animal it was found to be 157.13±3.44 mg/100 ml of blood, 41.13±2.69 mg/100 ml of blood, 62.09±1.65 mg/100 ml of blood and 54.39±0.73 mg/100 ml of blood respectively. The test showed that though the plasma fibrinogen level in the test lower at 0 hour but it was greater in the control animals at 1, 3 and 6 hours. The increase in plasma fibrinogen level in the test animals at 3 and 6 hours was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: The finding of the present study was that Tiryaq-e-arba possesses antivenom activity which scientifically support the Unani claim that it is Dafe-Sumoom-al-Hevan (Antivenom or Antidote) and the use of this preparation in corresponding diseases.

Impedance spectroscopy and piezoresponse force microscopy analysis of lead-free (1-x) K0.5Na0.5NbO3 - xLiNbO3 ceramics

Radheshyam Rai,Indrani Coondoo,Rashmi Rani,Igor Bdikin,Seema Sharma,Andrei L. Kholkin 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.2

(1 -x) K0.5Na0.5NbO3 -xLiNbO3 (where x = 0.0, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, and 6.5 wt.%) (KNLN) perovskite structured ferroelectric ceramics were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that single phase was formed for pure KNN while a small amount of second phase (K6Li4Nb10O30, w3%) was present in LN doped KNN ceramics. Phase analysis indicated the change in the crystal structure from orthorhombic to tetragonal with increase in LN content. The electrical behavior of the ceramics was studied by impedance spectroscopy technique in the high temperature range. Impedance analysis was performed using an equivalent circuit model. The impedance response in pure KNN and KNLN ceramics could be deconvoluted into two contributions, associated with the bulk (grains) and the grain boundaries. Activation energies for conductivity were found to be strongly frequency dependent. The activation energy obtained from dielectric relaxation data was attributed to oxygen vacancies. From PFM we found that the composition with 6.5 wt.% LN displays stronger piezocontrast as compared to pure KNN implying an evidence of a pronounced piezoelectric coefficient.

Bilateral absence of subclavius muscles with thickened costocoracoid ligaments: a case report with the clinical-anatomical correlation

Kasapuram Dheeraj,Harisha K. Sudheer,Subhash Bhukiya,Neerja Rani,Seema Singh 대한해부학회 2022 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.55 No.2

Anatomical variation is defined as normal flexibility in the topography and morphology of body structures. Such variations are not uncommon in muscles, particularly in the upper limb. Subclavius muscle (SM) has a proximal attachment to the first costochondral junction and the muscle fibers are then directed upwards and laterally to get attached distally to the subclavian groove of the clavicle. Having similar attachments as the subclavius, the costocoracoid ligament (CCL) is the thickening of the proximal part of clavipectoral fascia extending up to the coracoid process. Both SM and CCL help in the maintenance of smooth movements of the pectoral girdle and both may not always be present. Absent SM may be due to anomalous development from the muscle matrix that also forms the inferior belly of the omohyoid apart from the SMs. This anatomical variation may be associated with thickened CCLs and can be correlated to the smooth functioning of the pectoral girdle.