CONTROL OF THE INTEREST RATE RISK IN A BOND PORTFOLIO AND GOAL PROGRAMMING

Sang Hoon Kim 사람과세계경영학회 1998 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.3 No.1

The interest rate risk of a bond investment is divided into the price and reinvestment risks. It has shown that reduction of one risk can be achieved only by increasing the other risk by the same amount. Therefore, control of the interest rate risk should be dealt with constructing a bond portfolio with a desirable combination of the two risks depending on expectation on future interest rates and also subject to various investment goals and constraints. This paper provides a prototype goal programming model which can be extended to control the interest rate risk of a broad range of financial assets.

Positioning of Hebrews 2:1-4, from a Paifing Point of View

Sang-Hoon Kim Presbyterian General Assembly Theological Seminary 2019 CHONGSHIN THEOLOGICAL JOURNAL Vol.24 No.-

Many Hebrews interpreters have long regarded 2:1-4 as a sort of deviation, which is designed for the purpose of parenesis, out of literary context, following Vanhoye. Also 1:1-4 has been treated as the preamble of Hebrews. Scholars have divided 1:1-4 from the following verses, considering 1:5-2:18 as the first section after the prologue, 1:1-4. However, problems lie in some issues as follows: (1) Why does 1:1-2a produce an architectural parallelism, which is not extended to the following verses, probably causing demarcation from them? (2) Why does 2:1-4 seem to deviate out of literary context? (3) Why does 2:1-4 repeat ideas and expressions appearing in 1:1-2a? (4) Why do repeated ideas recurrently appear in 1:4-14? For solutions to them, the paper is demarcating each unit, one by one, observing paired constructions not only from each unit (intra-relatedness) but also among the units (inter-relatedness). As a result, we have concluded that there are six units (1:1-2a; 1:2b-3; 1:4-7; 1:8-12; 1:13-14; 2:1-4) and, overall, they are composed of a complex chiasm in structure: A (1:1-2a)-B1 (1:2b-3)-B2 (1:4-7)-B'1 (1:8-12)-B'2 (1:13-14)-A' (2:1-4). It means that A and A', B1 and B'1, and B2 and B'2 are three sets in paired pairs. It induces that 1:1-2a plays a role of introduction, matching 2:1-4 which plays a role of conclusive part of the preamble in Hebrews. 2:1-4 as a conclusion of the preamble contains the theme of exhortation. The interconnected ways of writing such as in Hebrews require interpreters to regard this type of text as its own logic-network system that creates lots of pairing parts, causing chiasms, parallelisms, or complex ones.

Treadmill exercise ameliorates symptoms of Alzheimer's disease through suppressing microglial activation-Induced apoptosis

Sang-Hoon Kim,Il-Gyu Ko,Jun-Jang Jin,Sung-Eun Kim,Mal-Soon Shin,Chang-Ju Kim,Seung-Soo Baek 한국운동재활학회 2014 한국운동재활학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.10

Alzheimer's disease is a most common form of dementia, often beginning with short-term memory problems. It gradually progresses and can eventually impair all cognitive functions. In the present study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on the Alzheimer's disease focusing on the microglial activation. Alzheimer's disease was made by bilateral intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. The rats in the exercise groups were made to run on a treadmill once a day for 30 min during 4 weeks, starting 3 days after STZ injection. Latency in the step-down avoidance task and latency in the Morris water maze task were increased in the Alzheimer's disease rats, in contrast, treadmill exercise shortened these parameters. Numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive and caspase-3-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus were decreased in the Alzheimer's disease rats, in contrast, treadmill exercise suppressed these numbers. Bax expression in the hippocampus was increased and Bcl-2 expression in the hippocampus was decreased in the Alzheimer's disease rats, in contrast, treadmill exercise decreased Bax expression and increased Bcl-2 expression. Expressions of GFAP and CD11b in the hippocampal dentate gyrus were increased in the Alzheimer's disease rats, in contrast, treadmill exercise suppressed GFAP and CD11b expressions. The present results demonstrated that treadmill exercise ameliorated Alzheimer's disease-induced disturbance of short-term memory and spatial memory ability through suppressing apoptosis. This anti-apoptotic effect of treadmill exercise might be ascribed to the inhibitory effect of treadmill exercise on microglial activation.

The Effects of Vibration Exercise after Modified Bröstrom Operation in Soccer Players with Ankle Instability

Sanghoon Kim,Yangrae Kim,Yongyoun Kim 국제물리치료연구학회 2019 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.10 No.2

Background: Vibration exercise after ankle surgery improves proprioception and ankle muscle strength through vibration stimulation. Objective: To examine the effects of vibration exercise on the ankle stability. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial (single blind) Methods: Twenty soccer players were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The Vibration exercise program was conducted 12 weeks and 3 times a week. Ankle joint proprioceptive sensory test and Isokinetic muscle strength test were performed using Biodex system pro Ⅲ to measure plantar flexion / dorsiflexion and eversion / inversion motion. Results: The result of isokinetic test of ankle joint is showed significant improvement in all measurement items, such as leg flexion, lateral flexion, external and internal muscle forces, compared to previous ones by performing vibration movements for 12 weeks. However, in the comparison group, plantar flexor (30°), eversion muscle (120°), inversion (30°) of limb muscle strength were significantly improvedcompared with the previous phase; was no significant difference in dorsi-flexion. There was no significant difference between groups in all the items. Conclusions: In this study, we analyzed the effects of rehabilitation exercise on soccer players who had reconstructed with an ankle joint ligament injury through vibration exercise device. As a result, we could propose an effective exercise method to improve the ability, and confirmed the applicability as an appropriate exercise program to prevent ankle injuries and help quick return.

The role of microbiome in colorectal carcinogenesis and its clinical potential as a target for cancer treatment

( Sang Hoon Kim ),( Yun Jeong Lim ) 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.1

The role of gut microbiome-intestinal immune complex in the development of colorectal cancer and its progression is well recognized. Accordingly, certain microbial strains tend to colonize or vanish in patients with colorectal cancer. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are expected to exhibit both anti-tumor effects and chemopreventive effects during cancer treatment through mechanisms such as xenometabolism, immune interactions, and altered eco-community. Microbial modulation can also be safely used to prevent complications during peri-operational periods of colorectal surgery. A deeper understanding of the role of intestinal microbiota as a target for colorectal cancer treatment will lead the way to a better prognosis for colorectal cancer patients. (Intest Res 2022;20:31-42)

Surface properties and early murine pre-osteoblastic cell responses of anodized TiO₂ surfaces

( Sang-hoon Kim ),( Hwa-sun Lee ),( Eui-ri Na ),( Jong-wook Moon ),( Young-joon Kim ) 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2018 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.42 No.1

The noted anodic oxidation of titanium surfaces by the utilization of an electrochemical method is one of the procedures that can be used for the enhancement of osseointegration. This study evaluated the surface characteristics and the cell response of titanium samples that were modified by different treatment conditions. The samples were subsequently divided into 4 groups. In this study, Group I was noted as an anodized TiO₂ film using a constant voltage, 270 V for 30 sec. Further, Group II was noted as using an anodized TiO₂ film using a constant voltage, 270 V for 60 sec. Also, Group III was an anodized TiO₂ film using a constant voltage, 270 V for 90 sec. The control was a non-treated machined titanium surface. The results were as follows: the XRD analysis showed that the crystallinity of anodic oxide film was composed of anatase and rutile. The study continued with the procedure of increasing the time for anodization, whereby it was noted that the intensity of the TiO₂ peaks for anatase phase decreased, while the TiO₂ peak for the rutile phase was seen to have increased. In the MTT assay, it was noted that there was no significant difference in the response of fetal rat calvarial cells to the anodized titanium surfaces with the different treatment conditions. Similarly, the Group II and III showed higher ALP activity levels compared with the control and Group I (p<0.01). In the RT-PCR analysis, it is noted that the bone sialoprotein mRNA expression in Group II and III increased approximately 1.7-fold and 1.5-fold respectively, compared with the control, which was cp-Ti. The osteocalcin mRNA expression in Group II and III also increased approximately 1.6-fold and 1.7-fold respectively, compared with the control. Fundamentally, these results suggest that the anodized TiO₂ surfaces treated at 60 and 90 sec, should promote cellular activity of the noted and reviewed osteoblasts, as compared with the machined Ti surface.

Recognition of antigenic determinant to cefaclor in patients with cefaclor-induced anaphylaxis

( Sang Hoon Kim ),( Jeong Hee Choi ),( Hae Sim Park ) 대한내과학회 2003 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.65 No.10

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Mg Alloy Upcycled through Addition of Ca and Y

( Sang-hoon Kim ),( Byoung Gi Moon ),( Ha Sik Kim ),( Young Min Kim ),( Sung Hyuk Park ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

Mg and its alloys have attracted much attention in the automotive industry due to their low density and high specific strength that can reduce the weight of vehicles. As the demand for Mg alloys increases, the importance of recycling and upcycling using Mg scraps has been emphasized. However, the highly ignitable feature of Mg alloys is a limiting factor in the manufacturing and recycling processes. The addition of small amounts of Ca and Y has been reported to significantly improve the ignition resistance of Mg alloys, but studies on the effect of their addition on extruded Mg alloys and extrusion process conditions are insufficient. Therefore, the microstructure and mechanical properties of an extruded Mg-8Al-0.5Zn-0.3Ca-0.2Y (AZXW8000) alloy, which is fabricated by the combined addition of Ca and Y to a commercial AZ80 alloy, and their extrusion temperature dependence were investigated. This study demonstrates that the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and dynamic precipitation (DP) behaviors and resultant mechanical properties of the nonflammable AZXW8000 alloy vary significantly with the extrusion temperature. With increasing extrusion temperature from 250 to 350 °C, the DRX behavior of the alloy enhances by the transition of dominant recrystallization mechanisms from twinning-induced DRX and continuous DRX to discontinuous DRX, which causes an increase in the DRX fraction of the extruded alloy. During extrusion at 250 °C, Mg₁₇Al₁₂ continuous precipitates, which are statically formed during preheating before extrusion, fully dissolve into the matrix and numerous fine Mg₁₇Al₁₂ precipitates form dynamically throughout the material. With increasing extrusion temperature to 350 °C, the amount of formed Mg₁₇Al₁₂ precipitates decreases greatly owing to the higher Al solubility and enhanced dynamic recovery behavior. The tensile strength of the extruded alloy decreases with increasing extrusion temperature, which is attributed primarily to significant weakening of the precipitation hardening and strain hardening effects. However, the tensile ductility improves with increasing extrusion temperature owing to a decrease in the amounts of precipitates and unDRXed grains.

Some Suggestions to White and Black Theologians From Asian (Korean) Theologians to Promote Cooperative Partnership Between These Three Differentiae in This New Era

Sang Hoon Kim 한국기독교학회 2002 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.25 No.-

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Anti-oxidant Peptide from Bovine Skim Milk Fermented by Lactococcus lactis SL6

Sang Hoon Kim,Ji Yoon Lee,Marilen P. Balolong,Jin-eung Kim,Hyun-dong Paik,Dae-kyung Kang 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.3

A novel peptide having free radical scavenging activity was separated, using an on-line high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) - ABTS screening method, from bovine skim milk fermented by Lactococcus lactis SL6 (KCTC 11865BP). It was further purified using reverse phase-HPLC (RP-HPLC) and sequenced by RP-HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. The amino acid sequence of the identified peptide was determined to be Phe-Ser-Asp-Ile-Pro- Asn-Pro-Ile-Gly-Ser-Glu-Asn-Ser-Glu-Lys-Thr-Thr-Met-Pro-Leu-Trp (2,362 Da), which is corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of bovine αs1-casein (f179-199). The hydroxyl rad-icals scavenging activity (IC50 28.25±0.96 μM) of the peptide chemically synthesized based on the MS/MS data showed a slightly lower than that of the natural antioxidant Trolox (IC50 15.37±0.52 μM). Furthermore, derivatives of the antioxidant peptide were synthesized. The antioxidative activity of the derivatives whose all three proline residues replaced by alanine significantly decreased, whereas replacement of two proline residues in N-terminal region did not affect its antioxidative activity, indicating that 3rd proline in C-terminal region is critical for the antioxidative activity of the peptide identified in this study. In addition, N-terminal region of the antioxidant peptide did not show its activity, whereas C-terminal region main-tained antioxidative activity, suggesting that C-terminal region of the peptide is important for antioxidative activity.