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Rohit Kumar,Jai Kumar Kaushik,Ashok Kumar Mohanty,Sudarshan Kumar Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.7
Objective: Cow urine possesses several bioactive properties but the responsible components behind these bioactivities are still far from identified. In our study, we tried to identify the possible components behind the antimicrobial activity of cow urine by exploring the peptidome and metabolome. Methods: We extracted peptides from the urine of Sahiwal cows belonging to three different physiological states viz heifer, lactation, and pregnant, each group consisting of 10 different animals. The peptides were extracted using the solid phase extraction technique followed by further extraction using ethyl acetate. The antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extract was evaluated against different pathogenic strains like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus agalactiae. The safety of urinary aqueous extract was evaluated by hemolysis and cytotoxicity assay on the BuMEC cell line. The urinary peptides were further fractionated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to identify the fraction(s) containing the antimicrobial activity. The HPLC fractions and ethyl acetate extract were analyzed using nLC-MS/MS for the identification of the peptides and metabolites. Results: A total of three fractions were identified with antimicrobial activity, and nLC-MS/MS analysis of fractions resulted in the identification of 511 sequences. While 46 compounds were identified in the metabolite profiling of organic extract. The urinary aqueous extract showed significant activity against E. coli as compared to S. aureus and S. agalactiae and was relatively safe against mammalian cells. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of cow urine is a consequence of the feeding habit. The metabolites of plant origin with several bioactivities are eliminated through urine and are responsible for their antimicrobial nature. Secondly, the plethora of peptides generated from the activity of endogenous proteases on protein shed from different parts of tissues also find their way to urine. Some of these sequences possess antimicrobial activity due to their amino acid composition.
Kumar, Rohit,Jaggi, Amteshwar Singh,Singh, Nirmal The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2010 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.14 No.5
The present study was undertaken to explore the potential of erythropoietin in memory deficits of mice. Memory impairment was produced by scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg, $i.p.$) and intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (i.c.v STZ, 3 mg/kg, $10{\mu}l$, $1^{st}$ and $3^{rd}$ day) in separate groups of animals. Morris water-maze test was employed to assess learning and memory. The levels of brain thio-barbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were estimated to assess degree of oxidative stress. Brain acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activity was also measured. Scopolamine/streptozotocin administration induced significant impairment of learning and memory in mice as indicated by marked decrease in Morris water-maze performance. Scopolamine/streptozotocin administration also produced a significant enhancement of brain AChE activity and brain oxidative stress (an increase in TBARS and a decrease in GSH) levels. Treatment of erythropoietin (500 and 1,000 IU/Kg i.p.) significantly reversed scopolamine- as well as streptozotocin-induced learning and memory deficits along with attenuation of those-induced rise in brain AChE activity and brain oxidative stress levels. It may be concluded that erythropoietin exerts a beneficial effect in memory deficits of mice possibly through its multiple actions including potential anti-oxidative effect.
Rohit Kumar,Rahul Meel,Dr. B. Sandeep Reddy 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
The PIT (Precision Immobilization Technique) maneuver is a pursuit tactic used by law-enforcement officials to handle dangerous vehicle pursuit situations, wherein a pursuing car can force a fleeing car to turn sideways abruptly, causing the driver to lose control and stop. Such maneuvers have pitfalls, in that they require sufficient skill on the part of the driver to be carried out. Furthermore, given the utilization of electronic stabilizing control systems in modern vehicles, manual PIT maneuvers require more precision to be carried out. However, the previous decades have also undergone significant changes, in particular the development of autonomous driving technologies, which are now available in commercial vehicles. Autonomous PIT maneuvers could be the next step in handling dangerous vehicle pursuits of fugitives. But for autonomous execution of such maneuvers, accurate path planning and obstacle avoidance must be carried out first. This work presents the implementation of path optimization technique along with obstacle avoidance in simulation environment as well as in physical environment for execution of autonomous PIT maneuvering. Path optimization ensures that the bullet vehicle arrives at the specific point where the PIT maneuver is carried out. An important path optimization method has been utilized to accomplish the goal. Furthermore, obstacle avoidance is integrated with path optimization to avoid mid-way stationary obstacles, thereby adding a more realistic scenario for the same. This paper makes a simplifying assumption that the target vehicle is stationary or moving at a constant velocity, which can be extended by future work to a more realistic scenario involving accelerated target vehicle.
Rohit Kumar,Anita Sudhaik,Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan,Pankaj Raizada,Abdullah M. Asiri,Satyabrata Mohapatra,Sourbh Thakur,Vijay Kumar Thakur,Pardeep Singh 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.106 No.-
Growing pollution and high energy demand are some of the major issues against humans. Waterpollution is one of the main problems created due to industrial waste and irresponsible human activities. Nowadays, photocatalysis is rising as an efficient alternative to overcome the energy requirement andwater purification, as it can use solar light as a source of energy. Due to some limitations of photocatalysts,such as photocarriers recombination, low surface area, and limited light absorption, modificationssuch as defect modifications, heterojunction can be employed. Out of all, Z-scheme heterojunction is aproficient way to overwhelm the limitation of pristine photocatalysts. To enhance the activity of Zschemephotocatalyst, even more, a dual Z-scheme photocatalytic scheme has been developed in whichtwo Z-scheme based charge transfer occur simultaneously on a ternary photocatalyst. In this review, wehave discussed the different types of dual Z-schemes along with their application in water purificationand finally, we have discussed the future prospects for further research.
Rohit Kumar,Nirmal Singh,Amteshwar Singh Jaggi 대한약리학회 2010 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.14 No.5
The present study was undertaken to explore the potential of erythropoietin in memory deficits of mice. Memory impairment was produced by scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (i.c.v STZ, 3 mg/kg, 10 μl, 1st and 3rd day) in separate groups of animals. Morris watermaze test was employed to assess learning and memory. The levels of brain thio-barbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were estimated to assess degree of oxidative stress. Brain acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activity was also measured. Scopolamine/streptozotocin administration induced significant impairment of learning and memory in mice as indicated by marked decrease in Morris water-maze performance. Scopolamine/streptozotocin administration also produced a significant enhancement of brain AChE activity and brain oxidative stress (an increase in TBARS and a decrease in GSH) levels. Treatment of erythropoietin (500 and 1,000 IU/Kg i.p.) significantly reversed scopolamine- as well as streptozotocin-induced learning and memory deficits along with attenuation of those-induced rise in brain AChE activity and brain oxidative stress levels. It may be concluded that erythropoietin exerts a beneficial effect in memory deficits of mice possibly through its multiple actions including potential anti-oxidative effect.
Kumar, J.I. Nirmal,Sajish, P.R.,Kumar, Rita.N.,Bhoi, Rohit Kumar Institute of Forest Science 2010 Journal of Forest Science Vol.26 No.1
The present study was conducted to quantify wood and leaf litter decomposition and nutrient release of a dominant tree species, Tectona grandis Linn. F. in a tropical dry deciduous forest of Rajasthan, Western India. The mean relative decomposition rate was maximum in the wet summer and minimum during dry summer. Rainfall and its associated variables exhibited greater control over litter decomposition than temperature. The concentrations of N and P increased in decomposing litter with increasing retrieval days. Mass loss was negatively correlated with N and P concentrations. The monthly weight loss was significantly correlated (P < 0.05) with soil moisture and rainfall in both wood and leaf litter. Tectona grandis was found to be most suitable tree species for plantation programmes in dry tropical regions as it has high litter deposition and decomposition rates and thus it has advantages in degraded soil restoration and sustainable land management.
Bioprospecting in a Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest of Western Rajasthan, India
Kumar, J.I. Nirmal,Sajish, P.R.,Kumar, Rita.N.,Bhoi, Rohit Kumar Institute of Forest Science 2010 Journal of Forest Science Vol.26 No.1
Bioprospecting has been widely used to assess the economic potential of different plant species and their value-addition. Prospecting for biological material like plants with medicinal or other economically valuable properties like fibre or oil is becoming a dynamic activity. Our folklore with embedded cultural heritage has tremendous possibilities and potential for bioprospecting. This forest region of Western Rajasthan is enriched with diverse vegetational wealth, if subjected to bioprospecting may prove to be a boon for the society.
ROHIT KUMAR,ISHITA PURI 장전수학회 2018 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.21 No.4
In the present study, we explore the role of different cluster techniques on the relative role of different cross-sections. The cluster techniques include the simple computer algorithm minimum spanning tree method based on spatial constraint and the one based on the metropolis procedure simulated annealing clusterization algorithm. We find that the relative role of different cross-sections is sensitive toward the clusterization technique used to construct complex multi-bound structures.