WWW 기반의 원격교육시스템 설계 및 구현

박남숙,장기화,곽난희,이수현,우용태 國立 昌原大學校 精報通信硏究所 1998 精報通信論文集 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to develope a distance education that would be a courseware for a specific object, which can be available for student to learn the necessary knowledge or function, with no restriction of time or place, using WWW and Oracle DBMS. The distance education was designed in this paper consists of bulletin board, subject information, lecturing schedule, online instructions, questions and answers, submit and confirmation of reports, evaluation of lecturing, reference sites, chatting and discussion room, and data bank. The distance education coupled by WWW and database will change the educational form from one-direction to bi-direction between a teacher and the students. This can also provide a multimedia information to the students through WWW environment with convenient user interface. Those benefits made it possible to offer animated audio-visual materials and search for the information concerned through a hypertext technique. Besides, various kinds of informations were stored at database to increase an effectiveness in managing data. Since both teacher and students, are easy to add new information using the process of instruction to the database, the amount of the stored information in the distance education can be expanded effectively.

나노기술을 이용해 제작한 불소함유 접착필름의 치아우식증 예방효과

박덕용,이난영,이상호 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

필름 형태의 새로운 불소 delivery system을 개발하고 이에 대한 치아 우식증 예방효과를 기존의 전문가 불소 도포 제재인 APF gel 및 불소 바니쉬와 비교 평가해 보고자 하였다. 소의 법랑잘 시편에 APF gel (60 seconds taste^(?), 1.23% APF, PASCAL, USA)과 불소 바니쉬 (CavityShield^(?), 5% sodium fluoride, Ominii Pharmaceuticals, USA), 그리고 최근 개발된 3% 불소 함유 필름, 5% 불소 함유 필름 시제품을 도포한 후 인공 우식을 유발시켜 표면미세경도와 병소깊이를 측정하 여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 실험군과 대조군의 표면미세경도의 차이는 II군, IV군, III군, I군의 순으로 컸으며, I군은 II군, III군, IV군에 비해 유의한 차이가 있었으나, II군, III군, IV군 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2. 실험군과 대조군의 병소 깊이의 차이는 II군이 가잣 컸으며(P<0.05). I군이 가장 작았다(P<0.05). III군과 IV군은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 새로 개발된 불소 전달 사스템인 불소 함유 필름은 불소 젤보다 치아 우식증 예방효과가 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 불소 바니쉬와 유사한 효과를 나타내었다. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of fluoride containing adhesive film on prevention of enamel demineralization. Eighty bovine enamel blocks were divided randomly into 4 groups of 25: (1) APF gel applied ; (2) Cavityflhield™ applied; (3) 3% fluoride film applied; (4) 5% fluoride film applied: Early caries lesions were produced by placing each specimen into demineralization solution at pH 4.0 for 72 hours. Then lesion of the surface microhardness were measured by the Vicker's hardness test and the lesions depth were measured by polarizing light microscope. The results of the present study are as follows: 1. Difference of microhardness value (M±SD) between control and experimental side was the highest in group II, followed by group IV, III, I but, no significant difference was between group II, III and IV. 2. Difference of mean lesion depth (M±SD) between control and experimental side was the highest in group II, followed by group III, IV and I but no significant difference was between group III and IV. The results of the present study indicate that the fluoride film application is more effective than APF gel and is similar to fluoride varnish application for prevention of dental caries.

Introduction of Insects Collected from Myanmar

Yong Kyun OH,Jinyoung PARK,Ik Je CHOI,Nan Zar chi Win,Ja Lang LIM,Ui Seok JEONG,Dong Pyeo LYU,U Pho Cho,Khin Mar Myint,Khin Mar Yi,Jong Kyun PARK 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.04

Myanmar is located in the Southeastern region of Asia. It lies between latitudes 9° and 29°N, and longitudes 92° and 102°E. The bordering countries are China on the northern side, Thailand and Laos on the eastern region, Bangladesh on the western side and India on the northwestern region. Myanmar has a total area of 678,500 square kilometers (262,000 sq mi). The rainy season exists primarily during the months between June and September. Whiledry season stays during the months between December and April. Northern regions of the country are the coolest, with average temperatures of 21 ℃ (70 ℉). Coastal and delta regions have an average temperature of 32 ℃ (86.9 ℉). This expedition was conducted four times for three years. Among them we explored three area including Popa Mountain, Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park and Nat Ma Taung National Park[Popa Mountain(8.7~8.17, 2011; 7.24~8.3 2012; 2.18~2.28 2013), Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park(2.2~2.9, 2012) and Nat Ma Taung National Park(2.18~2.28 2013)]. Collecting methods was sweeping net, lignt trap, burket trap, pitfall trap with other method, and collected especially mainly Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. As the result, totally about 30 families in Coleoptera and 7 families in Lepidoptera were collected, among them Carabidae and Nymphalidae was revealed most diversity species. Main collect specimens, expedition activities and collections data etc. were provided herein.

A Case of Brucellar Spondylitis Complicated by Acupuncture

Park, Seong-Chang,Park, Seong-Hwan,Lee, Ho-Jun,Lee, Kyung-Eun,Park, Dong-Jin,Cho, Young-Nan,Lee, Sung-Ji,Seo, Seong-Rye,Kim, Tae-Jong,Lee, Shin-Seok,Park, Yong-Wook The Korean Rheumatism Association 2010 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Impaired differentiation and cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in systemic lupus erythematosus

Park, Yong-Wook,Kee, Seung-Jung,Cho, Young-Nan,Lee, Eun-Hee,Lee, Hwa-Youn,Kim, Eun-Mi,Shin, Min-Ho,Park, Jeong-Jin,Kim, Tae-Jong,Lee, Shin-Seok,Yoo, Dae-Hyun,Kang, Hyung-Sik Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Vol.60 No.6

<B>Objective</B><P>To determine the cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells and the level of differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into NK cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</P><B>Methods</B><P>Patients with SLE (n = 108), rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n = 90), Behçet's disease (n = 39), or ankylosing spondylitis (n = 41) and healthy control subjects (n = 173) were enrolled in the study. NK cell levels, NK cell cytotoxicities, and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activities against K562 cells were measured by flow cytometry. Gene expression was assessed by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. NK cells were differentiated from peripheral blood and bone marrow HSCs in vitro.</P><B>Results</B><P>Percentages and absolute numbers of NK cells, cytotoxicities, and LAK activities were significantly lower in the peripheral blood of SLE and RA patients than in that of healthy controls. In particular, this NK cell deficiency was more prominent in patients with lupus nephritis and those with thrombocytopenia. Notably, purified NK cells derived from SLE patients, but not RA patients, were found to have lower cytotoxicities and LAK activities than those from healthy controls. This defect of NK cells in SLE patients was found to be related to lower numbers of NK precursors and to the down-regulation of perforin and granzyme in NK cells. The proliferative capacity of HSCs, the percentages of NK cells differentiated from HSCs, and NK cell cytotoxicities were significantly lower in SLE patients.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>In SLE patients, circulating levels of NK cells were diminished and their cytotoxicities were impaired. Furthermore, the differentiation of HSCs into NK cells was found to be defective. These abnormalities possibly contribute to immune system dysregulation in SLE.</P>

Nutritive Value and Functional Properties of Protein Concentrate Fractionated from Chrysanthemum Flowers

Park, Nan-Young,Park, Yong-Jin,Kwon, Joong-Ho The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 1998 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.3 No.2

Some functional properties and nutritive value were determined for the protein concentrated fractionated from chrysanthemum flower in orer to renew interest in the flowers as food. Proximate components of chrysanthemum flower protein concentration (FPC) showed 61.2% protein, 2.0% fat and 35.2% carbhydrate on a dry basis. In amino acid composition of FPC, glutamic acid was the highest in the content, follwoed by aspartic acid, leucine and lysine. The ratio of essential/ total amino acids(E/T) was 0.42, showing a higher level of essential amino acids compared to the FAO reference protein. Digestibility of chrysanthemum FPC by pepsin and trypsin was lwoer than that of casein and was negatively correlative to both water and fat absorptions. Similar characteristics were determined between chrysanthemum FPC and milk casein in their emulsifying activity and emulsion stability. This results indicate that flowers or petals of chrysanthemum might be developed as a good source of protein.

Chemical Composition of Petals of Chrysanthemum spp.

Park, Nan-Yong,Kwon, Jong-Ho The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 1997 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.2 No.4

Chemical compositions of petals of Chrysanthemum spp. were determined to renew its interest as a food material. The moisture contents of wild Chrysanthemum boreale and holticulturized Chrysanthemum morifolium were 11.7% and 11.0%. The proximate chemical ompositions were 6.1% and 11.7% in protein, 3.7% and 5.2% in ash, 11.1% and 12.8% in reducing sugar, of C. boreale and C. morifolium, respectively. Free sugars were mainly composed of fructose, glucose and sucrose. In fatty acid composition, the ratios of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids were 1.2:1 and 3.0:1, respectively. The amino acids determined were found 0.18 and 0.26 in the ratio of essential to total amino acids in each sample. Major elements of Chrysanthemum petals were Ca, K, Fe, Mg and Na, but the contents of Ca and Fe were more than twice higher in C. boreale than c. morifolium, Major volatile flavor components were 28.22% of epi-bicyclophellandrene and 24.55% of camphor in C. boreale, and 14.24% of 4-methyl-1-(10methylethyl)-3-cyclhexen-1-ol, 10.74% of camphor and 7.64% of 1,8-cineol in C. morifolium.

Investigating the effects of positive charge and hydrophobicity on the cell selectivity, mechanism of action and anti-inflammatory activity of a Trp-rich antimicrobial peptide indolicidin.

Nan, Yong Hai,Park, Ka Hyon,Park, Yoonkyung,Jeon, Young Jin,Kim, Yangmee,Park, Il-Seon,Hahm, Kyung-Soo,Shin, Song Yub Published by Elsevier/North Holland on behalf of t 2009 FEMS microbiology letters Vol.292 No.1

<P>To investigate the effects of positive charge and hydrophobicity on the cell selectivity, mechanism of action and anti-inflammatory activity of a Trp-rich antimicrobial peptide indolicidin (IN), a series of IN analogs with Trp-->Lys substitution were synthesized. All IN analogs displayed an approximately 7- to 18-fold higher cell selectivity, compared with IN. IN, IN-1 and IN-2 depolarized (50-90%) the cytoplasmic membrane potential of Staphylococcus aureus close to minimal inhibitory concentration (5-10 microg mL(-1)). However, other IN analogs (IN-3 and IN-4) displayed very low ability in membrane depolarization even at 40 microg mL(-1). Confocal laser-scanning microscopy revealed that IN-3 and IN-4 penetrated the Escherichia coli cell membrane, whereas IN, IN-1 and IN-2 did not enter the cell membrane. In the gel retardation assay, IN-3 and IN-4 bound more strongly to DNA compared with IN, IN-1 and IN-2. These findings suggest that the mechanism of antimicrobial action of IN-3 and IN-4 may be involved in the inhibition of intracellular functions via interference with DNA/RNA synthesis. Unlike IN, all IN analogs did not inhibit nitric oxide production or inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells, indicating that the hydrophobicity of IN is more important for anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage cells than the positive charge.</P>

Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cell Deficiency in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Kwon, Yong Soo,Jin, Hye-Mi,Cho, Young-Nan,Kim, Moon-Ju,Kang, Jeong-Hwa,Jung, Hyun-Ju,Park, Ki-Jeong,Kee, Hae Jin,Kee, Seung-Jung,Park, Yong-Wook Informa UK (Informa Healthcare) 2016 COPD Vol.13 No.2

Transforming growth factor β₁이 배양랫트 신경교세포의 성장 및 생화학적 변화에 미치는 영향

김용식(Yong Sik Kim),윤용하(Yong Ha Youn),박난향(Nan Hyang Park),박찬웅(Chan Woong Park) 대한약리학회 1994 대한약리학잡지 Vol.30 No.2

Recent evidence indicates that glial cells have a wide range of funtions which are critical for maintaining a balanced homeostatic environment in the central nervous system(CNS) peripheral nervous system(PNS). Morever, astrocytes are known to participate in the tissue repair and neuroimmunologic events within the CNS through many kinds of growth factors and cytokines. We investigated the effect of TGF β₁, on the growth and biochemical changes of rat glial cells in culture. The proliferative effect was determined by ³H-thymidine uptake and the double immunostain with anti-cell-specific marker and anti-Bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) antibody. To check the effect of biochemical changes we compared the amounts of glial fibrillar acidic protein(GFAP) and the activity of glutamine synthetase(GS) in astrocyte. And the amounts of myelin basic protein and the activity of 2 ,3 -cyclic nucleotide phosphohydrolase(CNPase) were measured in oligodendrocyte and the amounts of peripheral myelin in Schwann cell. When TGF β₁, was treated for 2 days with cultured glial cell, TGF β₁, decreased the ³H-thymidine uptake and proliferation index of double immunostain of astrocytes, which indicates the inhibition of astroglial DNA synthesis, but stimulated the growth of Schwann cell. Also, TGF β₁, decrease the GS activity and increased the amounts of GFAP in astrocyte. In the case of Schwann cells the amounts of peripheral myelin was increased when treated with TGF β₁. However, TGF β₁, didn t show any effect on the proliferation and biochemical changes in oligodendrocyte. These results suggest that TGF β₁, might have a critical action in the regulation of proliferation and biochemical changes in glial cells, especially astrocyte.