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Bla? KRI?NIK,CHO Im Sik,KIM Su 서울대학교 아시아연구소 2019 아시아리뷰 Vol.8 No.2
Cities in East Asia are faced with growing social, economic and environmental risks. National and local governments are, hence, looking for novel policies that could improve the long-term capacity of cities to address these risks more comprehensively and effectively. Citizen participation and neighbourhood improvement are both considered playing a key role in building more inclusive and sustainable cities. This article compares the transformation of Samdeok Maeul in Seoul and Tampines in Singapore to better understand the importance of citizen participation in planning the neighbourhood improvement, and its consequences on urban development in general. Both cases represent a similar shift from previous state-led towards participatory planning. The research follows a case-oriented qualitative approach. The authors conducted in-depth interviews with major stakeholders, participant observation, expert workshops, and review of secondary resources. The research findings suggest that in both cases the residents were able to affect neighbourhood improvement through community engagement in the planning process. At the same time, the research findings imply that the state remains largely in control over the process, which indicates the challenges that need to be considered in order to empower communities in Seoul and Singapore in the long run.
Nik Shah Hizan,Nor Hasnina Mohd Hassan,Juhara Haron,Murtala Bello Abubakar,Nik Munirah Nik Mahdi,Siew Hua Gan 한국한의학연구원 2018 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.7 No.4
Background: To investigate whether the combination of anastrozole and Tualang honey (T honey) influences background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Methods: A total of 30 patients were recruited and randomly divided into control (anastrozole 1 mg daily) and intervention (anastrozole 1 mg + T honey 20 g daily). The BPE of the contralateral breast before and six months following treatment was compared using the sign test. Results: There was a decrease in BPE in 10% of the women (p = 0.317) who received only anastrozole, which resulted in a change of BPE category from moderate to mild. However, the combination of anastrozole and T honey evoked a decrease in BPE in 42% of the patients (p = 0.034). Conclusions: The combination of T honey and anastrozole maybe more efficacious than anastrozole alone in decreasing breast BPE in breast cancer patients. These findings support the medicinal value of T honey as an adjuvant treatment to anastrozole.
Nik Nurul Najihah Nik Mat Daud,Abdi Wira Septama,Nordin Simbak,Nor Hidayah Abu Bakar,Eldiza Puji Rahmi 한국생약학회 2019 Natural Product Sciences Vol.25 No.4
Artocarpus heterophyllus has been used as traditional medicine. This plant is one of the sources of flavonoid. Flavonoid compounds possessed a wide range of biological properties including anticancer. This study was performed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of flavonoids from A. heterophyllus on H460 and MCF-7 cell lines. The interaction of flavonoids and cisplatin against tested cancer cells was also evaluated. MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of flavonoid. Isobologram analysis was selected to evaluate the synergistic effect between flavonoid and cisplatin, their interaction was then confirmed using AO/PI staining method. Amongst of flavonoid compounds, artocarpin exhibited strong cytotoxic effect on both MCF-7 and H460 cell lines with IC50 values of 12.53 µg/mL (28.73 µM) and 9.77 µg/mL (22.40 µM), respectively. This compound enhanced anticancer activity of cisplatin against H460 and MCF-7. The combination produced a synergistic effect on H460 and MCF-7 cell lines with a combination index (CI) values of 0.2 and 0.18, respectively. The AO/PI stained demonstrated that the combination of artocarpin and cisplatin caused morphological changes that indicated apoptosis. Moreover, artocarpanone also significantly increased cytotoxic effect of cisplatin compared to its single concentration with CI below than 1. This result suggested the potency of flavonoid named artocarpin to enhance the anticancer activity of cisplatin on H460 and MCF-7 cell lines.
Nik Masmiati Nik Pa,Ahmed Aly Diaa Sarhan,Mohd Hamdi Abd Shukor 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
The 2.5D cutting operations are intended for creating NC programs for components with pockets, lugs, flat sections etc, for which,it is too time consuming to produce a 3D volume model of the component. A 2.5D machining processes can perform the cutting operation only in two of the three axes at a time, the movement of the cutter on the main planes before moves to the next depth produced a terrace-like approximation of the required shape. However, adopting the right cutting parameters could be an ideal solution to improve the product quality. This study focused on optimizing the cutting parameters for higher surface quality in 2.5D cutting utilizing titanium coated carbide ball end mill. These parameters include; machined surface inclined angle, axial depth of cut,spindle speed and feed rate. Taguchi optimization method is the most effective method to optimize the cutting parameters, in which the most significant response variables could be identified. The standard orthogonal array of L9 (34) is used, while the signal to noise (S/N), target performance measurement (TPM) response analysis and analysis of variance (Pareto ANOVA) methods are carried out to determine which parameters are statistically significant. Finally, confirmation tests are carried out to investigate the optimization improvements.
Roles of Malaysian Online Newspapers in the Construction of Public Opinion on Rare Earth Risks
Nik Norma Nik Hasan,Sharafa Dauda 충남대학교 아시아여론연구소 2020 Asian journal for public opinion research Vol.8 No.4
This study explored the representation of risks from the controversial Lynas rare earth refining as a risk event by five Malaysian online mainstream and alternative newspapers using qualitative content analysis. The aim is to uncover the role of the news media in the social amplification and attenuation of risks within the literature evidence as those roles are still uncertain. Content analysis is used to explore the online newspapers’ roles guided by the Social Amplification of Risk Framework (SARF). The representations typified environmental, financial, health, occupational, property, radioactive, and technological risks and established connections between four risk types (environmental, financial, radioactive, and health risks). Radioactive risk was repeatedly associated with other risks, suggesting that the volume and information flow focused on radioactive risk as a key ingredient for amplification. This connection shows that the nature of the relationship between risks is multi-dimensional, contradicting the unidirectional type found in previous studies. Alternative online newspapers amplified and attenuated more risks, thus, providing more diverse coverage than mainstream sources. Consequently, this study provides evidence that risk representation from rare earth refining in a digital news environment is multidimensional and intensified or weakened in a multi-layered pattern. The stakeholders are engaged in a contestation by positioning their narratives to oppose or support their interests, which are amplified or attenuated by the online newspapers as social amplification stations.
Review on flower-like structure nickel based catalyst in fuel cell application
Nik Farah Hanis Nik Zaiman,Norazuwana Shaari 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.119 No.-
The flower-like superstructure, which included an inorganic flower and an organic–inorganic flower-likestructure, was thoroughly investigated. This research discussed transition metal oxides, nickel-based catalyticcharacteristics, and nickel oxide nanoparticles. Flower-like nickel-based catalysts were applied inrecent breakthroughs in fuel cell applications to boost performance, particularly in catalytic activitiesincluding oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), as well as hydrogen evolutionreaction (HER). Flower-like based nickel catalysts have a positive effect on nickel-based catalysts andbeing promoted as a nickel-based catalyst with its own benefits such as large surface area, a wide rangeof preparation methods, including cost-effective, simple, and non-toxic green synthetic procedure. Thesebenefits may encourage researchers to continue researching flower-like nickel-based catalysts forenhanced fuel cells and other uses in the future.
EXAMINING THE PREDICTORS OF DESTINATION CHOICE : A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING (SEM) APPROACH
Nik Kamariah Nik Mat,Amin Idris,Azizah Daut 세계문화관광학회 2007 Conference Proceedings Vol.8 No.0
The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that predict tourists destination choice. From the literature, four antecedents of destinations choice (3 items) were identified: cognitive evaluation of attractiveness (10 items), services (5 items), cultural attractions (3 items) and safety (3 items). All measurement and structural models were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS 6 and later the structural model was tested for its causal relationships. Findings indicate that cultural attraction and safety are significant predictors of destination choice and that the hypothesized model demonstrates goodness of fit.
Metoclopramide for Milk Production in Lactating Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Nik Hazlina Nik Hussain,Norhayati Mohd. Noor,Shaiful Bahari Ismail,Nur Amirah Zainuddin,Zaharah Sulaiman 대한가정의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.42 No.6
Background: Breastfeeding is recognized as the optimal form of nutrition for the physical and neurological devel-opment of infants and is considered the most significant way to prevent child mortality. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of metoclopramide for enhancing milk production in lactating women.Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and MEDLINE for randomized con-trolled trials comparing metoclopramide with a placebo, no treatment, or other galactagogue drugs. We included breastfeeding women with term or preterm infants.Results: We retrieved 164 records from our search of the electronic databases and 20 records from other sources. Eight trials involving 342 lactating women that used metoclopramide were included in this review after assessing the eligibility criteria. The meta-analysis of these trials revealed that metoclopramide did not increase the milk vol-ume of the intervention groups compared to that of the control groups. There was a significant increase in the se-rum concentrations of prolactin when the mothers were administered metoclopramide. No significant adverse events were reported.Conclusion: Metoclopramide did not improve milk production in lactating women. Therefore, we do not recom-mend using metoclopramide to increase milk production in lactating women.