Factors influencing drug deposition in the nasal cavity upon delivery via nasal sprays

Mingyue Gao,Xin Shen,Shirui Mao 한국약제학회 2020 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.50 No.3

Background In nasal drug delivery system, nasal spray seems to be the most promising delivery method for both local and systemic diseases therapy. Nasal deposition behavior is the most basic and important process for nasal sprays, which is related to nasal mucociliary clearance, retention of a formulation in the nose therefore the therapeutic effect. Area covered The present paper systemically summarized and discussed the factors influencing drug deposition in the nasal cavity upon delivery via nasal sprays, including device, formulation and administration techniques. Emitted dose volume of the device, spray pattern and plume geometry, droplet size distribution and velocity of emitted droplets were important device factors influencing nasal deposition. Besides, viscosity, thixotropic property and surface tension were considered to be the formulation factors influencing nasal deposition of spray. In addition, administration technique influencing nasal deposition included head orientation, administration angle, insertion depth of spray nozzle and breathing profile. Meanwhile, the imaging methods used to predict and visualize the deposition of nasal formulation was illustrated. Expert opinion The review provided important theoretical and experimental knowledge to control the deposition pattern of nasal sprays in order to achieve better therapeutic effect in the clinic.

기표-기의 관점에서 본 분노와 주거공간 관계 연구

고가로(Gao, Jialu),김민규(Kim, Mingyu),서지은(Seo, Jieun) 한국주거학회 2019 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.31 No.1

This study is to analyze the characteristics of housing spaces related to anger-induced and control from a semantic perspective of language, based on understanding the characteristics of vvisual cognitive processes and recognizing how and how they are similar to understanding space. Based on the commonality that symbols in language and architecture communicate through sharing meaning, we will extract expression words related to current anger through surveys and analyses, and investigate images associated with words to identify the characteristics of university students" anger induction and control. And This study is going to develop a visual image to feel the emotional vocabulary of anger and control. After understanding emotional vocabulary that relieves anger is interpreted as a "signifier" that is perceptual and communicable, and a conceptual image that can express it is understood as a "signified", this study is to analyze the ‘signifier’ and the ‘signified’ in housing space b by using a symbolic structural aspect. The signifier can be recognized as an environmental element such as color, texture, and shape, and the symbol can be recognized as a residential space formed by it. Based on the results of the survey conducted on college students, the words expressing anger and anger control as a "signifier" will be identified, and the indicators, environmental elements expressing it as a ‘signified" in housing space will be analyzed. Based on this, this study is going to be the basic research to understand the design characteristics of the housing space related to anger from the standpoint of the ‘signified’ of linguistics.

Study on Electroconductive Tribological Properties of Ag-based Composite Coating

Yuzhen Liu,Mingyu Gao,Shusheng Xu,김대은 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.20 No.8

Electrical contacts are widely utilized in numerous engineering applications that require high reliability. However, fretting wear due to repeated contact may lead to increased electrical contact resistance that can cause failure of the electrical system. Herein, an Ag-based coating was prepared by an electroless co-deposition technique in order to improve the electroconductive properties under fretting conditions. By carefully controlling the deposition time, a relatively smooth and continuous Ag coating could be obtained. The structure of the coating was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, 3D confocal microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The electroconductive tribological properties of the coating were assessed using a custom-built fretting tester. The Ag coating possessed good crystallinity and exhibited improved electroconductive properties compared with the Ni interlayer deposited on a steel substrate. The high temperature of the contact zone generated by friction contributed to the reduced electric resistance. Furthermore, incorporation of graphene as a dopant could improve the coating wear resistance, resulting in more reliable electroconductive properties in the fretting condition. The wear mechanism of the coating was also investigated through wear track analysis. The experimental results are expected to aid in understanding the electroconductive tribological properties of Ag coatings used in electrical contact applications.

Effects of Endothelin A Receptor Antagonist BQ123 on Femoral Artery Pressure and Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Broiler Chickens

Wang, Huiyu,Qiao, Jian,Gao, Mingyu,Yang, Ying,Li, Kai,Wang, Jianlin,Tian, Yong,Xu, Tong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.10

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is an important factor in regulation of cardiovascular tone in humans and mammals, but the biological function of ET-1 in the avian vascular system has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to characterize the role of endogenous ET-1 in the vascular system of poultry by investigating the effect of endothelin A receptor ($ET_AR$) antagonist BQ123 on the femoral artery pressure (FAP) and the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) in broiler chickens. First, we found that plasma and lung homogenate ET-1 levels were both increased with age over the seven weeks life cyccle of broiler chickens. Second, 60 min after intravenous injection, BQ123 ($0.4{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$ and $2.0{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$, respectively) induced a significant reduction in FAP and PAP (p<0.05). Third, chronic infusion of BQ123 ($2.0{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$ each time, two times a day) into abdominal cavities led to significant decrease in systolic pressure of the femoral (p<0.05) and pulmonary arteries (p<0.01) in broiler chickens at 7 and 14 days after treatment. Taken together, the $ET_AR$ antagonist BQ123 lead to a significant reduction of FAP and PAP, which suggests that endogenous ET-1 may be involved in the maintenance and regulation of systemic and pulmonary pressure in broiler chickens.

Biochar-supported nZVI (nZVI/BC) for contaminant removal from soil and water: A critical review

Wang, Shengsen,Zhao, Mingyue,Zhou, Min,Li, Yuncong C.,Wang, Jun,Gao, Bin,Sato, Shinjiro,Feng, Ke,Yin, Weiqin,Igalavithana, Avanthi Deshani,Oleszczuk, Patryk,Wang, Xiaozhi,Ok, Yong Sik Elsevier 2019 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.373 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The promising characteristics of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) have not been fully exploited owing to intrinsic limitations. Carbon-enriched biochar (BC) has been widely used to overcome the limitations of nZVI and improve its reaction with environmental pollutants. This work reviews the preparation of nZVI/BC nanocomposites; the effects of BC as a supporting matrix on the nZVI crystallite size, dispersion, and oxidation and electron transfer capacity; and its interaction mechanisms with contaminants. The literature review suggests that the properties and preparation conditions of BC (e.g., pore structure, functional groups, feedstock composition, and pyrogenic temperature) play important roles in the manipulation of nZVI properties. This review discusses the interactions of nZVI/BC composites with heavy metals, nitrates, and organic compounds in soil and water. Overall, BC contributes to the removal of contaminants because it can attenuate contaminants on the surface of nZVI/BC; it also enhances electron transfer from nZVI to target contaminants owing to its good electrical conductivity and improves the crystallite size and dispersion of nZVI. This review is intended to provide insights into methods of optimizing nZVI/BC synthesis and maximizing the efficiency of nZVI in environmental cleanup.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Aggregation and passivation of nZVI can be alleviated by surfactants and doping methods. </LI> <LI> BC hinders corrosion and improves the dispersion and electron transfer of nZVI. </LI> <LI> Properties of nZVI depend on those of the BC, feedstock and pyrogenic temperature. </LI> <LI> BC enhances electron transfer from nZVI to the contaminants due to the presence of quinone and graphene moieties. </LI> <LI> nZVI/BC shows strong ability to remove HMs, nitrates, and organic contaminants in soil and water. </LI> </UL> </P>

Selective release of less defective graphene during sliding of an incompletely reduced graphene oxide coating on steel

Xu, Shusheng,Liu, Yuzhen,Gao, Mingyu,Kang, Kyeong-Hee,Kim, Chang-Lae,Kim, Dae-Eun Elsevier 2018 Carbon Vol.134 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently, graphene has been gaining a lot of attention as a coating material that can be effectively utilized in reducing friction and wear of sliding components. In order to fully exploit the lubricious properties of graphene, the variation in the structure of the coating as sliding proceeds against a counter surface needs to be understood clearly. In this study, the structural evolution during sliding of an incompletely reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coating deposited on the 304 stainless steel by an electrodynamic spraying process was investigated. Experimental results showed that this coating possessed a low friction coefficient, below 0.05, under either low humidity air or dry N<SUB>2</SUB> gas condition. The micro-Raman and XPS analyses systematically revealed that less defective graphene structure was selectively released at the center region of the wear track. It was determined that the redistribution of graphene with different structures within the wear track was induced by frictional interaction at the sliding interface. Furthermore, it was determined that the degree of release of less defective graphene structure was proportional to both the applied normal force and sliding cycles.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Superior lubrication of dense/porous-coupled nanoscale C/WS₂ multilayer coating on ductile substrate

Xu, Shusheng,Liu, Yuzhen,Gao, Mingyu,Kang, Kyeong-Hee,Shin, Dong-Gap,Kim, Dae-Eun Elsevier 2019 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.476 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Sputtered carbon material has been receiving much attention as a solid lubricant coating owing to its high hardness and low coefficient of friction. However, its relatively low wear resistance performance when applied on a ductile substrate has limited its use in certain applications. In this work, a porous WS<SUB>2</SUB> sublayer was introduced to the sputtered carbon-based nanoscale multilayer coating to improve its tribological properties. The microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties of the nanoscale C/WS<SUB>2</SUB> multilayer coating were systematically investigated using various analytical techniques. Through structural optimization, a durable coating with excellent wear resistance and low frictional performances could be attained for a ductile steel substrate. The excellent toughness allowed the coating to deform with the ductile substrate without fracturing during contact sliding process. Furthermore, the first self-destruction and then recombination behaviors of dense/porous-coupled nanoscale multilayer coating as well as the selective release of carbon component to the contact interface driven by the frictional interaction aided in maintaining low friction. As a result, the nanoscale multilayer coating showed approximately 100-fold greater wear resistance than that of pure hard carbon coating on a ductile steel substrate.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A hard/soft-coupled nanoscale C/WS<SUB>2</SUB> multilayer coating was constructed by sputtering. </LI> <LI> The multilayer coating exhibited excellent synchronized deformation with the ductile steel substrate. </LI> <LI> Multilayer coating on ductile steel showed 100-fold longer wear life than that of a stiff C coating. </LI> <LI> The rearranged coating on the formed deep wear track resulted in improved lubrication performance. </LI> <LI> That provided a novel way to develop lubricant protection layer on ductile material surface </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

State of Charge Estimation for Li-Ion Batteries Based on an Unscented H-Infi nity Filter

Yuanyuan Liu,Tiantian Cai,Jingbiao Liu,Mingyu Gao,Zhiwei He 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.6

The state of charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries refl ects their remaining capacity. Accurate estimation of SOC helps battery safety and is benefi cial to the effi cient management of batteries. The charging and discharging processes of lithium-Ion batteries are very complicated, and it is diffi cult to obtain accurate SOC estimation results. Therefore, it is important to study improved algorithms for SOC estimation for this nonlinear non-Gaussian battery system. In this paper, we propose an unscented H-infi nity fi lter (UHF) based SOC estimation method, which combines the advantages of both the unscented Kalman fi lter (UKF) and the H-infi nity fi lter (HF). The UKF propagates the sigma points through the nonlinear system and does not need the fi rst-order linear approximation of the system equation, while the HF can suppress the non-Gaussian noise in the system to the greatest extent. The proposed UHF based SOC estimation algorithm is verifi ed and evaluated in the battery management system, and further optimized in practical problems. Experimental results show that the proposed UHF based algorithm can perform accurate SOC estimation for lithium-ion batteries, and is superior to the UKF based SOC estimation.

MIMO 환경 기반 멀티미디어 서비스 플랫폼 설계

이주영(Jooyoung Lee),김형석(HyungSeok Kim),고박우(Boyu Gao),이하섭(Hasup Lee),김지인(Jee-In Kim),임민규(Mingyu Lim) 한국HCI학회 2016 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

본 논문에서는 다중 디바이스 환경을 기반으로 한 멀티미디어 서비스 플랫폼 설계에 대하여 소개한다. 서비스에 참여하는 다수개의 디바이스의 구성을 능동적으로 파악하고, 디바이스 프로파일 및 사용자 프로파일을 이용하여 최적화된 콘텐츠의 출력 형태를 판별하는 프로세스에 대하여 설명한다. 서비스 콘텐츠의 형태와 서비스 제어 방법을 적응적으로 변환하는 모델을 마련하기 위하여, 사용자 프로파일 및 디바이스 프로파일 정량화를 수행하고, 사용성 측정을 위한 벤치마킹 테스트 방법을 소개한다. 이를 바탕으로 서로 다른 성능을 가지는 다수개의 디바이스 간의 실시간 출력 정보 동기화 뿐만 아니라 최종 출력 형태의 동기화가 이루어 질 수 있도록 하였다. 네트워크를 통하여 통합된 각 디바이스들은 서로간의 실시간 정보의 공유 및 교환을 통하여 현재 사용자 콘택스트에 적합한 형태의 정보를 제공하는 시스템 플랫폼 디자인에 대하여 설명 한다. In this paper, we introduce multimedia contents service platform based on multi-device environment. In this study, on user’s view point, service system automatically recognizes device configuration and determines optimal rendering form in current configuration based on profiling method. We introduce adaptive processing of contents considering user’s profile and device’s profile to make it have optimized rendering result and controlling method. Based on the process, it can achieve synchronized performance not only in information aspect but also in output form. By exchanging and sharing information between devices, our platform support to have an output result which is suitable for current user’s context.

A New Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the IGF-I Gene and Its Association with Growth Traits in the Nanjiang Huang Goat

Zhang, Chunxiang,Zhang, Wei,Luo, Hailing,Yue, Wenbin,Gao, Mingyu,Jia, Zhihai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.8

The objectives of this study were to identify polymorphisms of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene and to investigate their association with growth traits in Nanjiang Huang goats. Five hundred and ninety-two animals were used to detect the polymorphisms in the complete coding sequence, part of introns and the 5'-regulatory region of the IGF-I gene by means of PCR-SSCP. A new single nucleotide polymorphism (G to C transversion) was identified at intron 4 of the IGF-I gene in the goats. Two alleles and three genotypes were observed in this group. The frequency of G and C alleles was 54.6 and 45.4%, respectively. The statistical analysis showed that polymorphism of the IGF-I gene had a significant association (p<0.05) with birth weight (BW), body weight at 6 months (W6) and at 12 months (W12), heart girth at 2 months (G2), body length at 6 months (L6), wither height at 6 months (H6) and at 12 months (H12) and heart girth at 12 months (G12). The goats with genotype CC had significantly higher BW, W6, W12, G2, L6, H6, H12 and G12 than those with genotype GC and had significantly higher W12, H6, H12 and G12 than those with genotype GG. Therefore, genotype CC may be the most advantageous for growth traits in the Nanjiang Huang goat. However, no significant association between SNP genotypes and other growth traits was observed. These results indicated that the SNP marker of the IGF-I gene may be a potential molecular marker for growth traits in Nanjiang Huang goats.