Synchronous immobilization and conversion of polysulfides on a VO₂-VN binary host targeting high sulfur load Li-S batteries

Song, Yingze,Zhao, Wen,Kong, Long,Zhang, Li,Zhu, Xingyu,Shao, Yuanlong,Ding, Feng,Zhang, Qiang,Sun, Jingyu,Liu, Zhongfan The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.11 No.9

<P>Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are deemed as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems. However, their practical application is hindered by existing drawbacks such as poor cycling life and low Coulombic efficiency due to the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). We herein present an <I>in situ</I> constructed VO2-VN binary host which combines the merits of ultrafast anchoring (VO2) with electronic conducting (VN) to accomplish smooth immobilization-diffusion-conversion of LiPSs. Such synchronous advantages have effectively alleviated the polysulfide shuttling, promoted the redox kinetics, and hence improved the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries. As a result, the sulfur cathode based on the VO2-VN/graphene host exhibited an impressive rate capability with ∼1105 and 935 mA h g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 1C and 2C, respectively, and maintained long-term cyclability with a low capacity decay of 0.06% per cycle within 800 cycles at 2C. More remarkably, favorable cyclic stability can be attained with a high sulfur loading (13.2 mg cm<SUP>−2</SUP>). Even at an elevated temperature (50 °C), the cathodes still delivered superior rate capacity. Our work emphasizes the importance of immobilization-diffusion-conversion of LiPSs toward the rational design of high-load and long-life Li-S batteries.</P>

In-pile tritium release behavior and the post-irradiation experiments of Li4SiO4 fabricated by melting process

Zhao Linjie,Yang Mao,Xiao Chengjian,Gong Yu,Ran Guangming,Chen Xiaojun,Li Jiamao,Yue Lei,Chen Chao,Hou Jingwei,Wang Heyi,Long Xinggui,Peng Shuming 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.1

Understanding the tritium release and retention behavior of candidate tritium breeder materials is crucial for breeder blanket design. Recently, a melt spraying process was developed to prepare Li4SiO4 pebbles, which were subsequently subjected to the in-pile tritium production and extraction platform in China Mianyang Research Reactor (CMRR) to investigate their in-situ tritium release behavior and irradiation performance. The results demonstrate that HT is the main tritium release form, and adding hydrogen to the purge gas reduces tritium retention while increasing the HT percent in the purge gas. Post-irradiation experiments reveal that the irradiated pebbles darken in color and their grains swell, but the mechanical properties remain largely unchanged. It is concluded that the tritium residence time of Li4SiO4 made by melt spraying method at 467 ◦C is approximately 23.34 h. High-density Li4SiO4 pebbles exhibit tritium release at relatively low temperatures (<600 ◦C) that is mainly controlled by bulk diffusion. The diffusion coefficient at 525 ◦C and 550 ◦C is 1.19 × 10 11 cm2/s and 5.34 × 10 11 cm2/s, respectively, with corresponding tritium residence times of 21.3 hours and 4.7 hours.

Excessive mechanical strain accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration by disrupting intrinsic circadian rhythm

Ding Sheng-Long,Zhang Tai-Wei,Zhang Qi-Chen,Ding Wang,Li Ze-Fang,Han Guan-Jie,Bai Jin-Song,Li Xi-Lei,Dong Jian,Wang Hui-Ren,Jiang Li-Bo 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-

Night shift workers with disordered rhythmic mechanical loading are more prone to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Our results showed that circadian rhythm (CR) was dampened in degenerated and aged NP cells. Long-term environmental CR disruption promoted IDD in rats. Excessive mechanical strain disrupted the CR and inhibited the expression of core clock proteins. The inhibitory effect of mechanical loading on the expression of extracellular matrix genes could be reversed by BMAL1 overexpression in NP cells. The Rho/ROCK pathway was demonstrated to mediate the effect of mechanical stimulation on CR. Prolonged mechanical loading for 12 months affected intrinsic CR genes and induced IDD in a model of upright posture in a normal environment. Unexpectedly, mechanical loading further accelerated the IDD in an Light-Dark (LD) cycle-disrupted environment. These results indicated that intrinsic CR disruption might be a mechanism involved in overloading-induced IDD and a potential drug target for night shift workers.

Risk Factors Associated with Pain Severity in Patients with Non-specific Low Back Pain in Southern China

Shilabant Sen Sribastav,Jun Long,Peiheng He,Wei He,Fubiao Ye,Zemin Li,Jianru Wang,Hui Liu,Hua Wang,Zhaomin Zheng 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.3

Study Design: A prospective cross-sectional study. Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors associated with the severity of pain intensity in patients with non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) in Southern China. Overview of Literature: Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of activity limitation and work absence throughout the world, so a firm understanding of the risk factor associated with NSLBP can provide early and prompt interventions that are aimed at attaining long-term results. Methods: Participants were recruited from January 2014 to January 2016 and were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire. Anonymous assessments included Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The association between the severity of NSLBP and these potential risk factors were evaluated. Results: A total of 1,046 NSLBP patients were enrolled. The patients with primary school education, high body mass index (BMI), those exposed to sustained durations of driving and sitting, smoking, recurrent LBP had increased VAS and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores with lower SF-36 scores (p <0.01). Workers and drivers compared with waiters and patients who lifted >10 kg objects in a quarter of their work time for >10 years had higher VAS and ODI scores with lower SF-36 scores (p <0.01). Multiple logistic regression showed lower levels of education, LBP for 1–7 days, long-lasting LBP in last year, smoking, long duration driving, and higher BMI were associated with more severe VAS score. Conclusions: The severity of NSLBP is associated with lower levels of education, poor standards of living, heavy physical labor, long duration driving, and sedentary lifestyle. Patients with recurrent NSLBP have more severe pain. Reducing rates of obesity, the duration of heavy physical work, driving or riding, and attenuating the prevalence of sedentary lifestyles and smoking may reduce the prevalence of NSLBP.

A modified heteropoly acid catalyst with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide for methacrolein to methacrylic acid

Yun-Li Cao,Lei Wang,Li-Long Zhou,Bao-Hua Xu,Yan-Yan Diao,Suojiang Zhang 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.65 No.-

A novel type of heteropolyacids, CTAB-CsH3PMo11VO40 (CTA-CsPAV), was developed by a method of emulsion synthesis using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as the structure promoter, which was applied as a catalyst in the oxidation of methacrolein (MAL) to methacrylic acid (MAA) with fixed-bed reactor. The structure and property of CTA-CsPAV were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, NH3-TPD, SEM, XPS, and so on. The structure-performance relationship of CTA-CsPAV was systematically studied, wherein the influence of surface area, acidity, redox property of CTA-CsPAV were focused and discussed. Importantly, the long-term performance of CTA-CsPAV was also investigated.

Quantification of the Energy Flows during Ultrasonic Wire Bonding under Different Process Parameters

Yangyang Long,Friedrich Schneider,Chun Li,Jörg Hermsdorf,Jens Twiefel,Jörg Wallaschek 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.6 No.3

Despite of its wide and long-term application for interconnections in the field of microelectronics packaging, a quantitative understanding on the mechanisms of ultrasonic (US) wire bonding is still lacked. In this work, the energy flows from the electrical input energy to the different mechanisms during the US bonding process are quantified based on real-time observations via which the relative motions at the wire/substrate and the wire/tool interfaces can be detected. The relative motions at the two interfaces are proved to be caused by both the continuous plastic deformation and the US vibration. The normal force and US power interdependently affect the relative motion amplitudes. The deduced energy flows show that the energy from the transducer mainly flows to the vibration induced friction at the two interfaces and the microwelds formation, deformation and breakage. Despite of their significance to the process, the other mechanisms receive only little amount of energy. The impacts of the process parameters including normal force, US power and time on the energy flows are quantitatively investigated. A good coupling of the normal force and the US power guides more energy to the formation of microwelds while a long process time would increase the friction induced energy consumption.

Oxygen-vacancy-rich spinel CoFe2O4 nanocrystals anchored on cage-like carbon for high-performance oxygen electrocatalysis

Yan-Chun Li,Fan-Long Jin,박수진 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.10

We report spinel-type CoFe2O4 nanocrystals (NCs) synthesized through facile hydrothermal growth and their attachment on a cage-like carbon (CC) for efficient and durable oxygen evolution/reduction reaction (OER/ORR) performance. As a catalyst, the so-constructed CoFe2O4 NCs show significantly higher OER performance than bare CoFe2O4 and CC, leading to an overpotential of 1.59 V for the OER at a current density of 10mA/cm. Furthermore, CoFe2O4 NCs on CC electrodes also exhibit good ORR performance, which is comparable to Pt/C, significantly higher than that of bare carbon fiber paper, and acts as a bifunctional electrocatalyst. The CoFe2O4 NCs anchored on the CC electrodes exhibit remarkably long-term stability, which is evaluated by continuous cycling (over 5,000 cycles), without any morphological change, but preserving all the materials within the electrode. The results indicate that the CoFe2O4 NCs have a promising potential for efficient, cost-effective, and durable oxygen electrocatalysis at large scales using earth-abundant materials and low-cost fabrication processes.

Investigating Various Factors Affecting the Long-Term Compressive Strength of Heat-Cured Fly Ash Geopolymer Concrete and the Use of Orthogonal Experimental Design Method

Hongen Zhang,Lang Li,Prabir Kumar Sarker,Tao Long,Xiaoshuang Shi,Qingyuan Wang,Gaochuang Cai 한국콘크리트학회 2020 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.14 No.1

This work quantified the hierarchy of the influence of three common mixture design parameters on the compressive strength and the rate of strength increase over the long term of low-calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete (FAGC) through designing 16 mixtures by the orthogonal experimental design (OED) method. The parameters used in the study were liquid to fly ash (L/FA) ratio, sodium hydroxide concentration (SHC) and sodium silicate solution to sodium hydroxide solution (SS/SH) ratio. The L/FA ratio showed little effect on compressive strength when it was varied from 0.40 to 0.52. SHC showed the greatest influence on compressive strength with little impact on the rate of strength increase after the initial heat curing. Even though the SS/SH ratio showed a small effect on the initial compressive strength, it had a considerable influence on the rate of strength increase over the long term. It was found that the compressive strength at 480 days was positively related to the Na₂O/SiO₂ molar ratio when it was varied from 0.49 to 0.80 and the Si/Al molar ratio was increased up to 1.87. Analysis of the failure types of specimens demonstrated that compressive strength of FAGC was associated with the strength of the mortar–aggregate interface zone (MAIZ).

Protective effects of vitamins C and E on dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane-induced genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in human liver cells

Xiao Ting Jin,Li Song,Xiang Yuan Liu,Hang Qing Li,Long Cheng,Zhuo Yu Li1,,Z. Y. Li 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2017 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.13 No.2

Dichlorodiphenoxytrichloroethane (DDT), a persistent organic pollutant and hepatotoxicant, is used to control the malaria. However, scarce information exists on relevant effective inhibitors of DDT’ toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate protective effects of natural antioxidants vitamin C (VC) or/and vitamin E (VE) on p,pʹ-DDT-induced genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in human liver cells. p,pʹ-DDT exposure increased levels of chromatin condensation, comet parameter, micronucleus induction and DPC coefficient of HL-7702 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Also, an increase in mRNA levels of CYP1A1 as well as CYP3A4, and a decrease in UGT along with GST were observed. Interestingly, supplementation with VC or/and VE prevented p,pʹ-DDT-caused alterations in DNA damage and phase metabolism gene expressions, and the combination of VC and VE had a more protective effect than VC or VE alone. These findings illustrated that VC or/and VE could be beneficial for the alleviation of p,pʹ-DDT-incurred toxicity in human liver cells.

Surf points based Moving Target Detection and Long-term Tracking in Aerial Videos

( Juan-juan Zhu ),( Wei Sun ),( Bao-long Guo ),( Cheng Li ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.11

A novel method based on Surf points is proposed to detect and lock-track single ground target in aerial videos. Videos captured by moving cameras contain complex motions, which bring difficulty in moving object detection. Our approach contains three parts: moving target template detection, search area estimation and target tracking. Global motion estimation and compensation are first made by grids-sampling Surf points selecting and matching. And then, the single ground target is detected by joint spatial-temporal information processing. The temporal process is made by calculating difference between compensated reference and current image and the spatial process is implementing morphological operations and adaptive binarization. The second part improves KALMAN filter with surf points scale information to predict target position and search area adaptively. Lastly, the local Surf points of target template are matched in this search region to realize target tracking. The long-term tracking is updated following target scaling, occlusion and large deformation. Experimental results show that the algorithm can correctly detect small moving target in dynamic scenes with complex motions. It is robust to vehicle dithering and target scale changing, rotation, especially partial occlusion or temporal complete occlusion. Comparing with traditional algorithms, our method enables real time operation, processing 520×390 frames at around 15fps.