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Deubiquitination and Stabilization of PD-L1 by CSN5
Lim, Seung-Oe,Li, Chia-Wei,Xia, Weiya,Cha, Jong-Ho,Chan, Li-Chuan,Wu, Yun,Chang, Shih-Shin,Lin, Wan-Chi,Hsu, Jung-Mao,Hsu, Yi-Hsin,Kim, Taewan,Chang, Wei-Chao,Hsu, Jennifer L.,Yamaguchi, Hirohito,Ding Elsevier 2016 Cancer cell Vol.30 No.6
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Pro-inflammatory cytokines produced in the tumor microenvironment lead to eradication of anti-tumor immunity and enhanced tumor cell survival. In the current study, we identified tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as a major factor triggering cancer cell immunosuppression against T cell surveillance via stabilization of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). We demonstrated that COP9 signalosome 5 (CSN5), induced by NF-κB p65, is required for TNF-α-mediated PD-L1 stabilization in cancer cells. CSN5 inhibits the ubiquitination and degradation of PD-L1. Inhibition of CSN5 by curcumin diminished cancer cell PD-L1 expression and sensitized cancer cells to anti-CTLA4 therapy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> TNF-α stabilizes cancer cell PD-L1 in response to chronic inflammation </LI> <LI> Activation of NF-κB by TNF-α induces CSN5 expression leading to PD-L1 stabilization </LI> <LI> CSN5 enzyme activity controls T cell suppression via PD-L1 deubiquitination </LI> <LI> Destabilization of PD-L1 by CSN5 inhibitor curcumin benefits anti-CTLA4 therapy </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Combined Assessment of Serum Alpha-Synuclein and Rab35 is a Better Biomarker for Parkinson’s Disease
Hung-Li Wang,Chin-Song Lu,Tu-Hsueh Yeh,Yu-Ming Shen,Yi-Hsin Weng,Ying-Zu Huang,Rou-Shayn Chen,Yu-Chuan Liu,Yi-Chuan Cheng,Hsiu-Chen Chang,Ying-Ling Chen,Yu-Jie Chen,Yan-Wei Lin,Chia Chen Hsu,Huang-Li 대한신경과학회 2019 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.15 No.4
Background and Purpose It is essential to develop a reliable predictive serum biomarker for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Te accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) and up-regulated expression of Rab35 participate in the etiology of PD. Te purpose of this investigation was to determine whether the combined assessment of serum αSyn and Rab35 is a useful predictive biomarker for PD. Methods Serum levels of αSyn or Rab35 were determined in serum samples from 59 sporadic PD patients, 19 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients, 20 multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients, and 60 normal controls (NC). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were calculated to determine the diagnostic accuracy of αSyn or/and Rab35 in discriminating PD patients from NC or atypical parkinsonian patients. Results The levels of αSyn and Rab35 were increased in PD patients. The serum level of Rab35 was positively correlated with that of αSyn in PD patients. Compared to analyzing αSyn or Rab35 alone, the combined analysis of αSyn and Rab35 produced a larger area under the ROC curve and performed better in discriminating PD patients from NC, MSA patients, or PSP patients. When age was dichotomized at 55, 60, 65, or 70 years, the combined assessment of αSyn and Rab35 for classifying PD was better in the group below the cutof age than in the group above the cutof age. Conclusions Combined assessment of serum αSyn and Rab35 is a better biomarker for discriminating PD patients from NC or atypical parkinsonian patients, and is a useful predictive biomarker for younger sporadic PD patients.
Corynebacterium defluvii sp. nov., isolated from Sewage
Qiu-Li Yu,Zheng-Fei Yan,Xin He,Feng-Hua Tian,Chuan-Wen Jia,Chang-Tian Li 한국미생물학회 2017 The journal of microbiology Vol.55 No.6
A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shapeds, cata-lase-positive, and oxidase-negative strain, designated Y49T, was isolated from sewage collected from Jilin Agricultural University, China. It grew at 20–40°C (optimum at 30°C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum at 7.0) and at 0–1.0% sodium chlo-ride (optimum at 0%). The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-8 (MK-8) and the polar lipids were diphos-phatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethy-lethanolamine, four unidentified lipids, and two unidenti-fied aminolipids. The peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopi-melic acid. The cell-wall sugars were galactose, arabinose, and glucose. The fatty acids were C9:0, C16:0, C16:1 ω9c, C17:1 ω9c, C18:3 ω6c (6,9,12), C18:1 ω9c, and C18:0. The DNA G+C content was 51.4 mol%. Based on the 16S rRNA gene se-quence analysis, the nearest phylogenetic neighbors of strain Y49T were Corynebacterium efficiens DSM 44549T (97.5%), Corynebacterium callunae DSM 20147T (97.2%), Coryne-bacterium deserti GIMN 1.010T (96.8%), Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032T (96.4%), and other species belong-ing to this genus (92.3–95.4%). The DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain Y49T and C. efficiens DSM 44549T, C. callunae DSM 20147T, C. deserti GIMN1.010T, and C. gluta-micum ATCC 13032T was 25.5±2.0%, 21.1±1.0%, 16.5±0.5%, and 13.5±0.9%, respectively. Based on the phylogenetic an-alysis, chemotaxonomic data, physiological characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization data, strain Y49T represents a novel species of the genus Corynebacterium, for which the name Corynebacterium defluvii sp nov. is proposed. The type strain is Y49T (= KCTC 39731T =CGMCC 1.15506T).
Optimization of Micromilling Microchannels on a Polycarbonate Substrate
Pin-Chuan Chen,Chang-Wei Pan,Wei-Chen Lee,Kuan-Ming Li 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Rapidly prototyping a polymer microfluidic device is a growing interest for various applications and micromilling is one of the common approaches to manufacture polymer microfluidic devices. The advantages of using micromilling for polymer microfluidic devices include shorter fabrication process, lower cost, easier user interface, and being capable of fabricating complicated structures, which make micromilling a perfect tool in research idea testing and validation. The aim of this study is to understand the impact of each micromilling parameter to the surface roughness on a polycarbonate substrate, followed by the factor analysis to determine the optimal cutting conditions. The parameters included spindle speed, feed rate, and the depth of cut, and the roughness was measured by a stylus profilemeter. The smallest roughness achieved was 0.127 µm with the spindle speed of 20,000 rpm, feed rate of 300 mm/min, and the depth of cut of 10 µm. Factor analysis was used to determine that the spindle speed has the largest impact while the depth of cut has the minimized impact to the surface quality. To further confirm the optimal cutting conditions, twelve reservoirs were micromilled with the optimal cutting conditions and the average roughness is 0.14 µm with a stand deviation of 0.08 µm.
Zhang, Chuan-Peng,Liu, Tie,Yuan, Jinghua,Sanhueza, Patricio,Traficante, Alessio,Li, Guang-Xing,Li, Di,Tatematsu, Ken’ichi,Wang, Ke,Lee, Chang Won,Samal, Manash R.,Eden, David,Marston, Anthony,Liu, Xia American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.236 No.2
<P>In order to understand the initial conditions and early evolution of star formation in a wide range of Galactic environments, we carried out an investigation of 64 Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) in the second quadrant of the Milky Way. Using the (CO)-C-13 and (CO)-O-18 J = 1-0 lines and 850 mu m continuum observations, we investigated cloud fragmentation and evolution associated with star formation. We extracted 468 clumps and 117 cores from the (CO)-C-13 line and 850 mu m continuum maps, respectively. We made use of the Bayesian distance calculator and derived the distances of all 64 PGCCs. We found that in general, the mass-size plane follows a relation of m similar to r(1.67). At a given scale, the masses of our objects are around 1/10 of that of typical Galactic massive star-forming regions. Analysis of the clump and core masses, virial parameters, densities, and mass-size relation suggests that the PGCCs in our sample have a low core formation efficiency (similar to 3.0%), and most PGCCs are likely low-mass star-forming candidates. Statistical study indicates that the 850 mu m cores are more turbulent, more optically thick, and denser than the (CO)-C-13 clumps for star formation candidates, suggesting that the 850 mu m cores are likely more appropriate future star formation candidates than the (CO)-C-13 clumps.</P>
Parameter Optimization of Micromilling Brass Mold Inserts for Microchannels with Taguchi Method
Pin-Chuan Chen,Yu-Chieh Chen,Chang-Wei Pan,Kuan-Ming Li 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Achieving excellent quality of micromilled surfaces usually requires additional efforts and cost, and Taguchi methodology is anefficient tool in the parameter optimization process. The aim of this study is to explore the optimal cutting parameters for minimalsurface roughness of a micromilled brass mold inset, and the controlling parameters included coolant, spindle speed, feed rate, depthof cut, and the stepover. An orthogonal array and factor analysis were carried out to identify the optimal cutting combination, andthis combination included air coolant, spindle speed of 45,000 rpm, feed rate of 100 mm/min, stepover of 10% of milling bit diameter,and the depth of cut of 5 μm. To further confirm the analysis, multiple confirmation runs were realized and the averagely measuredsurface roughness was 0.03 μm with a stand deviation of 0.004 μm.
Shinya Yamada,Li-Wei Lo,Yenn-Jiang Lin,Shih-Lin Chang,Fa-Po Chung,Yu-Feng Hu,Ta-Chuan Tuan,Tze-Fan Chao,Jo-Nan Liao,Chin-Yu Lin,Shih-Ann Chen 대한심장학회 2019 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.49 No.1
Background and Objectives: The differences between electromagnetic-based mapping (EM) and impedance-based mapping (IM) in 3D anatomical reconstruction have not been fully clarified. We aimed to investigate the anatomical accuracy between EM (MediGuide™) and IM (EnSite Velocity™) systems. Methods: We investigated 15 consecutive patients (10 males, mean age 58±9 years) who underwent pulmonary veins (PVs) isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) image of the left atrium (LA) was acquired before ablation and the 3D geometry of the LA was constructed using EM during ablation procedure. We measured the 4 PV angles between the main trunk of each PV and the posterior LA after field scaling. Additionally, the posterior LA surface area was measured. The variables were compared to those of CT-based geometry. A control group of 40 patients who underwent conventional PVs isolation using IM were also evaluated. Results: The actual and relative changes of EM and CT-based geometry in all PV angles and posterior LA were significantly smaller compared to those of IM and CT-based geometry. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between EM and CT-based geometry were 0.871 (right superior pulmonary vein [RSPV]), 0.887 (right inferior pulmonary vein [RIPV]), 0.853 (left superior pulmonary vein [LSPV]), 0.911 (left inferior pulmonary vein [LIPV]), and 0.833 (posterior LA). On the other hand, ICC between IM and CT-based geometry were 0.548 (RSPV), 0.639 (RIPV), 0.691 (LSPV), 0.706 (LIPV), and 0.568 (posterior LA). Conclusions: Image integration with EM enables high accurate visualization of cardiac anatomy compared to IM in PAF ablation.