Laparoscopic single-port access right adrenalectomy using lee's port : A case report

Sung Hoon Choi,Ho Kyoung Hwang,Chang Moo Kang,Woo Jung Lee 대한외과학회 2010 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2010 No.11

Adult Patients with Congenital Muscular Torticollis Treated with Bipolar Release : Report of 31 Cases

Lee, Gun Sang,Lee, Myung Ki,Kim, Woo Jae,Kim, Ho Sang,Kim, Jeong Ho,Kim, Yun-Suk The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2017 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.60 No.1

Objective : We assessed the surgical results of bipolar release in 31 adult patients with uncorrected congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) and more than 12 months of follow-up. Methods : Thirty-one patients underwent a bipolar release of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and were retrospectively analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 14.9 months (range, 12-30). The mean age at time of surgery was 30.3 years (range, 20-54). Patients were evaluated with a modified Lee's scoring system, cervicomandibular angle (CMA) measurement, and a global satisfaction rating scale using patient self-reporting. Results : The modified Lee's scoring system indicated excellent results in 4 (12.9%) patients, good in 18 (58.1%), and fair in 9 (29.0%) at the last follow-up after surgery. The improvements in neck movement and head tilt were statistically significant (p<0.05). The preoperative mean CMA was $15.4^{\circ}$ (range, 5.4-29.0), which was reduced to a mean of CMA of $6.3^{\circ}$ (range, 0-25) after surgery (p<0.05). The global satisfaction rating scale was 93.7% (range, 90-100). A transient sensory deficit on the ipsilateral lower ear lobe was noted in three cases. No significant permanent complications occurred. Conclusion : Bipolar release of the SCM is a safe and reliable technique for the treatment of CMT in adults.

Evaluation of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behaviors of Advanced Reduced-Activated Alloy (ARAA)

Sang‑Wook Kim,Hyeon‑Woo Son,Taek‑Kyun Jung,Young‑Bum Chun,Yi‑Hyun Park,Ji‑Woon Lee,Soong‑Keun Hyun 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.4

The hot deformation behavior of advanced reduced-activation alloy (ARAA) was investigated using hot torsion tests. Thefl ow stress decreased as deformation temperature increased and as strain rate decreased. The fl ow behavior demonstratedthe typical dynamic recrystallization (DRX). Based on the constitutive analysis of peak stress, the activation energy for hotdeformation was found to be 330.3 kJ mol −1 . Peak stress was analyzed as a function of the Zener–Hollomon parameter, andcalculated and experimental values were in good agreement. A DRX kinetic model for ARAA was derived with deformationconditions based on the Avrami-type model. It was confi rmed that the volume fraction of dynamically recrystallized grainsincreased as deformation temperature increased and as strain rate decreased. The necklace structure and grain boundarybulging were observed in the deformed microstructure of ARAA. The suggested DRX mechanism for ARAA during hotworking is discontinuous DRX.

자동차 탑승자 사고에서 외상계수를 이용한 구급대원의 중증도 분류 평가

김상철 ( Sang Chul Kim ),김병우 ( Byung Woo Kim ),탁양주 ( Yang Ju Tak ),이상희 ( Sang Hee Lee1 ) 대한외상학회 2013 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: The assessment of trauma patients in the prehospital setting is difficult, but appropriate field triage is critical to the prognosis of trauma patients. We sought to evaluate the triage given by the emergency medical technicians (EMTs) using the trauma score to patients injured in motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). Methods: From June 2012 to July 2012, questionnaires were distributed to EMTs, who had transported injured patients to the study hospital. Scene records, photos of the damaged vehicle, and ambulance run sheets were used to provide physiologic, physical, and mechanistic information about the MVC. To evaluate the appropriateness of the injury assessment by EMTs, we compared their impressions with the hospital`s final diagnosis within a 3 level triage system comprising both the maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS) and the injury severity score (ISS). Kappa (k) was calculated to evaluate the agreement between the triage by EMTs and the triage based on hospital`s final diagnosis. Results: A total of 91 patients were analyzed by 31 EMTs. The percentage of males was 57.1%, the mean age was 44.5, and the mean MAIS and ISS were 2.7 and 16.6 respectively. While EMTs correctly diagnosed patient injuries to the extremities in 35.7%, and to the neck in 32.1%, pelvic injuries were missed in 80.0%. The agreement between the triage by the EMTs and the triage based on the hospital`s final diagnosis was 62.6%(k=0.366) by the MAIS and 50.5%(k=0.234) by the ISS. The kappa value was higher in EMT-I than in EMT-II. Conclusion: In MVC, the assessment of injured patients by EMT-I was more appropriate, and the 3-level triage method based on the MAIS could contribute to a more accurate triage. Prospective studies to search for appropriate methods of field triage are required for programming practical education for EMTs.

중국 데이터 보안체계 구축에 관한 연구 - 데이터안전법 심의과정에서의 쟁점사항을 중심으로 -

이상우(Lee, Sang-Woo) 영남대학교 중국연구센터 2021 중국과 중국학 Vol.- No.44

현재 전(全)세계적으로 약 100여 개 국가⋅지역에서 데이터 안보와 관련된 법률을 제정하였으며, 데이터 안보에 관한 특별 법안은 국제 관행이 되었는바, 중국 당국도 빈번해지는 국경 간 데이터 흐름 속에서 자국의 국익, 기업과 개인의 이익을 보호하기 위한 중국의 데이터 보안체계 구축의 필요성이 대두되었다. 이와 같은 배경 아래 중국 공산당 중앙위원회는 데이터 안전을 강화하고 디지털경제 발전을 촉진하기 위한 일련의 조치를 취하였으며, 전국인민대표대회 상무위원회는 데이터 보안체계를 구축하기로 한 중앙위원회의 요구사항에 따라 데이터 보안 관련 입법을 적극 추진하게 되었다. 2020년 7월 3일 「데이터안전법(초안)」이 공개된 이후 세 번의 심의과정을 거쳐 2021년 6월 10일 13기 전국인민대표대회 상무위원회는 제29차 회의에서 「데이터안전법」을 최종 통과시켰다. 「데이터안전법」은 데이터 분야의 기본법이자 국가안보 분야의 중요법률로서 2021년 9월 1일부터 시행 중이다. 총 7장, 55개 조항으로 구성된 「데이터안전법」」은 초안의 기본 골자를 그대로 유지하고 있으나, 몇 가지 쟁점사항과 관련한 조항은 세 차례 심의를 거치면서 치열하게 논의되었고, 최종 수정⋅보완 및 신설되었다. 이에 본고에서는 초안의 데이터 안전 보호를 위한 중점제도를 분석했던 선행연구(이상우 2021, pp.451-501)를 기반으로 하여, ① 초안의 51개 조항이 심의과정에서 어떠한 수정작업을 거쳐 최종안의 55개 조항이 되었는지를 검토⋅분석해보고, ② 주요쟁점사항과 관련한 상무위원회 위원들의 견해와 입장을 살펴보도록 하겠다. 중국과 우리나라, 양국 모두 빅테크 기업이 주도하는 데이터 기반의 디지털경제 활성화와 데이터 보안 강화라는 공통된 과제를 가지고 있는바, 심의과정을 살펴 앞으로의 중국 데이터 보안체계를 전망해 보고, 쟁점사항에 대한 중국 입법기관의 고민을 이해하는 기회로 삼아 우리나라 관련 입법에의 시사점을 도출해 보는 것에 의의를 두고자 한다. About 100 countries and regions around the world have enacted laws related to data security at the moment. Special legislation on data security has become an international practice. The Chinese authorities need to build a data security system to protect their national interests and those of companies and individuals amidst the cross-border data flow. Against this background, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has taken a series of measures to strengthen data security and revitalize the digital economy. The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress actively promoted legislation related to data security in accordance with the requirements of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to build a data security system. After the 「Data Security Law(draft)」 was released on July 3, 2020, it went through three deliberation processes. On June 10, 2021, the 「Data Security Law」 was finally passed at the 29th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress. The 「Data Security Law」 is a basic law in the data field and an important law in the field of national security, and became enforceable beginning September 1, 2021. The 「Data Security Law」, which consists of 7 chapters and 55 articles, maintains the basic gist of the draft. However, the provisions related to several issues were debated fiercely after going through three deliberation. It was finalized and supplemented. This article is based on a previous study(Lee, Sang-Woo 2021, pp.451-501) that analyzed the draft for a system of data security protection. This article will ① review and analyze how the 51 articles of the draft went through the deliberation process to become the 55 articles of the final version, and ② examine the views and positions of the members of the Standing Committee on major issues related to data security. Both China and Korea have the common task of revitalizing the data-based digital economy led by big tech companies and strengthening data security. Therefore, this article will look at the deliberation process and predict the future of China’s data security system. In addition, it will be meaningful to understand the concerns of the Chinese legislative body regarding the issues and to draw implications for the related legislation in Korea.

국립중앙박물과 소장 『조선지도』의 지도사적 의의

이우형(Woo-Hyung Lee),오상학(Sang-Hak Oh) 한국문화역사지리학회 2004 문화 역사 지리 Vol.16 No.1

This article is about the cartohistorical value and significance of the 『Joseon-jido. 朝鮮地圖, Map of Korea』, the copy of the 『Dongguk-daejeondo, 東國大全圖 Great map of Korea.』 by Jeong Sang-Gi(鄭尙驥), which is the collection of the National Museum of Korea. The conclusions are as follows. First, by the contents of the map, it is presumed that the map was made between the years 1757-1767. Therefore, it is easy to assume that the map was made in 1740s. Among the others, the map was made in the earliest days. Second, the 『Joseon-jido』 was drawn on the fine silk with the delicate lines, and the map has rvtanchuria of China and Japan, which were presumed to be included in the original map. Also, comparing the copies of 『Paldo-bundo, 八道分圖 Maps of Eight Provinces』 by Jeong to the map by trigonometry calculation, we can presume that both of the map were made by the same scale. By these reasons, the 『Joseon-jido』 is presumed to be the Dongguk-daejeondo in 『YoungJo Sillok, Annals ofKing YoungJo』, which Jeong Hang-Ryung(鄭恒齡). son of Jeong Sang-Gi(鄭尙驥). brought from home and copied it to provide the map to the HongMoonKwan(弘文館, Office of Special Advisers) in 1957(33th year of King YoungJo) Third, there are over 2200 place names mentioned in the 『Joseon-jido』, and these names are also mentioned in the Dongguk-daejeondo and the Paldo-bundo. Most of the place names of the natural features were that of the mountains. and the name of the hills were mentioned in detail. Most of the place names of the civil features were that of the military facilities, such as military camps and the mountain castles. Therefore. it can be said that the map had administrative and military purpose. Fourth, the expression of the landscape followed the classic mountain range-centered understanding while at the same time stressing the six Jeongmaks(正脈, Secondary Mountain Range), the important military defence line. The traffic route was expressed in detail among the other civil features, and the mountain castles. military camps and the signal fire were also expressed in detail with the more symbolized marks. Fifth, unlike the existed articles. the map expressed the changes in the military camps, mountain castles, traffic routes, stations and the signal fires.

수변공원과 체육공원의 중요 속성

홍성권 ( Sung Kwon Hong ),이상우 ( Sang Woo1 Lee ),이민우 ( Min Woo Lee ),이상민 ( Sang Min Lee ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2007 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.10 No.6

心巖 金志洙의 思想과 自決殉國

이성우(Lee, Sung-woo) 호서사학회 2015 역사와 담론 Vol.0 No.76

자결순국은 가장 적극적이고 극단적인 항일투쟁이었다. 유학자들은 일제의 침략에 맞서 자결로써 항거했다. 김지수는 일제의 은사금을 거부하고 자결한 순국지사이다. 김지수는 충남 연산출신으로 사계 김장생의 11대손이었다. 김장생은 조선 예학의 종장으로 당대 최고의 山林으로 존숭받았으며, 그의 사상은 김집, 송시열, 한원진으로 계승되었다. 따라서 김지수는 가문에 대한 자부심이 강했다. 김장생, 김집으로 이어지는 예학의 종장을 배출한 가문 출신이라는 점이다. 따라서 그의 학문은 家學인 禮學에 기반을 두고 있었다. 김지수는 族親 金永膺으로부터 많은 영향을 받았으며, 그와의 관계로 杞菊亭 講會와 亦樂齋契에 참여하면서 宋近洙ㆍ宋秉璿ㆍ宋秉珣 등과 교류하게 되었고 송시열의 사상을 습득했다. 그는 지역 유학자들과 교유하기 시작하면서 연산지역에서 학계를 조직해 유림들을 결속하고 가문의 위상을 정립하는 활동을 벌여나갔다. 이러한 활동을 기반으로 관계에 진출했으나 곧바로 사임하고 은둔자정의 길을 선택했다. 김지수는 1911년 일제가 소위 은사금을 보내오자 절명시를 남기고 자결했다. 일제에게 욕을 당하느니 차라리 정도를 지키겠다는 것이었다. 그는 김장생의 예학을 계승했고 유학의 효용성과 절대적 진리를 신봉하고 있었다. 그에게는 의리와 대의명분을 지키는 것이 바로 ‘禮’였다. 그는 자결순국으로 자신의 학문인 예학의 義理를 실천한 것이었다. 이러한 특징은 그의 문인들도 같았다. 송병선․송병순․이학순은 일제의 침략에 맞서 자결순국한 대표적 유학자이다. 송병선은 을사늑약에 항거해 자결했고 이학순과 송병순은 은사금을 거부하고 자결했다. 이들은 ‘金長生-金集-宋時烈-權尙夏-韓元震-宋能相-宋煥箕-宋穉圭’로 이어지는 기호학통을 계승하고 있었다. 따라서 자결순국을 통해 학문적 전통과 신념, 문인에 대한 의리, 유학적 가치와 질서를 지키기 위해 자결의 길을 선택했던 것이다. Kim Ji Su sacrificed his life for the country and rejected to receive the Japanese Empire’s royal bounty. He was born at Yeonsan, Chungnam Province, and a great grandson of Kim, Jang Sang. Kim, Jang Sang was a master of 예학 in Chosun and respected as a San-lim of the day. His thought was succeeded to Kim, Jip, Song, si Yeol and Han, Won Jin. Thus, Kim, Ji Su had much pride in his family and his studies was based on the Yehak Kim, Ji Su was influenced by one of his relatives, Kim, Young Woon, and interchanged experience and learned the thought of Song, Si Yeol at the Kigookjeong and Yeoklackjaekae. Interchanging experience with Confucian scholars at Yeonsan area, he was very active at organizing Confucian scholars and set up his family’s status. Through these activities, he became a government official, but resigned immediately and lived in seclusion. In 1911, when the Japanese Empire gave a royal bounty, he committed suicide leaving a poet. He succeeded Kim, Jang Sang’s Yehak, and believed in the usefulness of the Confucianism and absolute truth. For him, Ye was the fidelity, and just and great cause. He put his thought and theory into practice by committing suicide. With him, Song, Byong Sun, Song, Byong Soon, and Lee Hank Soon who succeeded Kiho School, also committed suicide against Japanese invasion. Song, Byong Sun committed suicide against the Protectorate Treaty between Korea and Japan concluded in 1905. Song, Byong Soon and Lee Hank Soon committed suicide rejecting the Japanese Empire’s royal bounty. They chose to commit suicide for their academic tradition and beliefs, fidelity to scholars, the Confucian values and order

앙코를 가다(2)

이우상 ( Woo Sang Lee ) 대진대학교 독서문화연구소 2005 독서문화연구 Vol.4 No.-

안종화(安鍾和)의 <수학절요(數學節要)>에 대한 고찰

이상구 ( Sang Gu Lee ),이재화 ( Jae Hwa Lee ),변형우 ( Hyung Woo Byun ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육논문집 Vol.25 No.4

In 2007, a Taiwanese mathematics historian Wann-Sheng HORNG made a visit to Kyujanggak(the royal library of Joseon Dynasty) in Seoul, Korea. During this visit, he found the Korean math book An abridged version of the Joseon Mathematics (<數學節要>, Su-Hak-Jeol-Yo), which was written by Jong-Hwa AN(9 Nov 1860-24 Nov 1924) in 1882. Then he mentioned the possible importance of AN`s book in his article in the Journal Kyujanggak(vol. 32, June 2008). Jong-Hwa AN is a Korean scholar, activist of patriotism and enlightenment in the latter era of Joseon Dynasty. He passed the last examination of Joseon Dynasty to become a high government officer in 1894. The father of the modern mathematics education in Korea, Sang-Seol LEE(1870-1917) also passed the same examination with him. It is interesting that government high officer AN and LEE both wrote mathematics books in 19th century. In this talk, we now analyze this mathematics book of Joseon written in 1882.