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Real-World Accuracy of a SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Diagnostic Tests in the Republic of Korea
Kweon Oh Joo,Kim Hye Ryoun,Lee Mi-Kyung,Lim Yong Kwan 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.43
Antigen rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) became the most important tool for the diagnosis of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), however there have been very few evaluations of the accuracy of the RDTs in actual use. In this study, we investigated the performance accuracy of the RDT, the STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag (STANDARD Q), in the Republic of Korea. We collected a total of 5,792 results that underwent both RDT and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction simultaneously, and overall sensitivity and specificity of the STANDARD Q were 57.6% and 99.9%, respectively. With binomial logistic regression analysis, we estimated that about half of the COVID-19 patients with a cycle threshold value of 25 for E and RdRP were RDT-negative. These results suggest that the clinical sensitivity of RDTs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is considerably low in a real-world setting, and we recommend that limitations of RDTs should be considered when setting up COVID-19 test strategies.
Kweon Oh Joo,Lee Joo Hee,Choi Yang-Seon,Kim Boo-Seop,Lim Yong Kwan,Lee Mi-Kyung,Park Joung Ha,Park Ji Young,Kim Seong Hwan 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.21
Despite the accuracy of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), rapid antigen tests (RATs) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 are widely used as point-of-care tests. A total of 282 pairs of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Standard Q COVID-19 Ag tests were serially conducted for 68 patients every 3–4 days until their discharge. Through a field evaluation of RATs using direct nasopharyngeal swabs, the sensitivities were 84.6% and 87.3% for E and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes, respectively, for specimens with cycle thresholds (Cts) < 25. The Ct values of E and RdRp genes for 95% detection rates by RATs were 16.9 and 18.1, respectively. The sensitivity of RAT was 48.4% after the onset of symptoms, which was not sufficient. RAT positivity gradually decreased with increased time after symptom onset and had continuously lower sensitivity than NAATs.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 deficiency attenuates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury
Oh, Chang Joo,Ha, Chae-Myeong,Choi, Young-Keun,Park, Sungmi,Choe, Mi Sun,Jeoung, Nam Ho,Huh, Yang Hoon,Kim, Hyo-Jeong,Kweon, Hee-Seok,Lee, Ji-min,Lee, Sun Joo,Jeon, Jae-Han,Harris, Robert A.,Park, Keu Springer-Verlag 2017 Kidney international Vol.91 No.4
<P>Clinical prescription of cisplatin, one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents, is limited by its side effects, particularly tubular injury-associated nephrotoxicity. Since details of the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, we investigated the role of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Among the PDK isoforms, PDK4 mRNA and protein levels were markedly increased in the kidneys of mice treated with cisplatin, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation was involved in cisplatin-induced renal PDK4 expression. Treatment with the PDK inhibitor sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) or genetic knockout of PDK4 attenuated the signs of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury, including apoptotic morphology of the kidney tubules along with numbers of TUNEL-positive cells, cleaved caspase-3, and renal tubular injury markers. Cisplatin-induced suppression of the mitochondria! membrane potential, oxygen consumption rate, expression of electron transport chain components, cytochrome c oxidase activity, and disruption of mitochondrial morphology were noticeably improved in the kidneys of DCA-treated or PDK4 knockout mice. Additionally, levels of the oxidative stress marker 4-hydroxynonenal and mitochondria! reactive oxygen species were attenuated, whereas superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase expression and glutathione synthetase and glutathione levels were recovered in DCA-treated or PDK4 knockout mice. Interestingly, lipid accumulation was considerably OCrossMark attenuated in DCA-treated or PDK4 knockout mice via recovered expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a and coactivator PGC-1 alpha, which was accompanied by recovery of mitochondria! biogenesis. Thus, PDK4 mediates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury, suggesting that PDK4 might be a therapeutic target for attenuating cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.</P>
( Oh Joo Kweon ),( Yong Kwan Lim ),( Hye Ryoun Kim ),( Tae-hyoung Kim ),( Mi-kyung Lee ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.3
Our aim was to determine the detection rate of respiratory viruses (RVs) in feces of patients with acute viral respiratory infection (AVRI) and the detection rate of diarrheal viruses (DVs) in nasopharyngeal samples from patients with acute viral gastroenteritis. The relationships between the presence of fecal RVs or nasopharyngeal DVs and their impacts on the clinical severity were also investigated. A total of 144 fecal specimens were collected from AVRI patients and 95 nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from acute viral gastroenteritis patients. Clinical characteristics and laboratory profiles were compared between subgroups on the basis of the presence or absence of virus in the specimens. The detection rate of RVs in feces was 17.4% (25/144), whereas the detection rate for viruses identical to the respiratory pathogen was 10.4% (identical group, 15/144). Within the identical group, adenovirus (86.7%, 13/15) was most commonly found. Patients in the identical group showed statistically higher values for C-reactive protein, mean age, increased frequency of vomiting, and decreased frequency of chest film involvement and cough (p < 0.05). The detection rate of nasopharyngeal DVs among acute viral gastroenteritis patients was 19.0% (18/95), and in the identical group it was 15.8% (15/95). Norovirus group II and enteric adenovirus were the major pathogens detected in the identical group. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics and laboratory profiles between the subgroups. In conclusion, the major pathogens of fecal RV and nasopharyngeal DV were adenovirus and norovirus group II, respectively. However, their relationship with the clinical symptoms or disease severity is unclear.
Robust and Globally Optimal Manhattan Frame Estimation in Near Real Time
Joo, Kyungdon,Oh, Tae-Hyun,Kim, Junsik,Kweon, In So IEEE 2019 IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine Vol.41 No.3
<P>Most man-made environments, such as urban and indoor scenes, consist of a set of parallel and orthogonal planar structures. These structures are approximated by the Manhattan world assumption, in which notion can be represented as a Manhattan frame (MF). Given a set of inputs such as surface normals or vanishing points, we pose an MF estimation problem as a consensus set maximization that maximizes the number of inliers over the rotation search space. Conventionally, this problem can be solved by a branch-and-bound framework, which mathematically guarantees global optimality. However, the computational time of the conventional branch-and-bound algorithms is rather far from real-time. In this paper, we propose a novel bound computation method on an efficient measurement domain for MF estimation, i.e., the extended Gaussian image (EGI). By relaxing the original problem, we can compute the bound with a constant complexity, while preserving global optimality. Furthermore, we quantitatively and qualitatively demonstrate the performance of the proposed method for various synthetic and real-world data. We also show the versatility of our approach through three different applications: extension to multiple MF estimation, 3D rotation based video stabilization, and vanishing point estimation (line clustering).</P>
주혁종,오인석,권호길,최돈묵 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1991 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.6 No.2
An experimental study was performed to prepare the anaerobic acrylic adhesives with TEGDMA(Trietylene Glycol Dimethacrylate), acrylic acid, p-benzoquinnone and CTBN(Carboxyl Terminated Butadiene Nitrile) To characterize the anaerobic modifided acrylic adhesives, tensile shear adhesion strength, DSC, FT-IR, water resistance, chemicals resistance and oil resistance of adhesives were tested. The results obtained in this study could be summerized as follows; 1. Tensile adhesion shear strength was increased with increasing the adding amounts of p-benzoquinone up to 75kgf/㎠ when 0.163wt% added. 2. After a water resistance test for 72hrs, tensile shear adhension strength maintenance was dominant(about 72%) in the C-3 as compared with the others and alkaline solution resistance of adhesives was excellent on the whole as compare to acid solution. 3. The gasoline, light oil resistance of adhesives were very good enough that could be used in the field of mechanical connecting parts.
Oh, Tae-Young,Ryu, Byong-Kweon,Ko, Jun-Il,Ahn, Byoung-Ok,Kim, Soon-Hoe,Kim, Won-Bae,Lee, Eun-Bang,Jin, Joo-Hyun,Hahm, Ki-Baik The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1997 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.20 No.5
Gastrointestinal irritation is the most frequent adverse effect in patients chronically taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of arthritic conditions. Gastroprotective effect of DA-9601, a new antiulcer agent from Artemisiae Herba extract, against NSAID was evaluated in a rat model of arthritis that is similar in many aspects to human rheumatoid arthritis. Daily oral dosing of naproxen (30 mg/kg), one of the most commonly used NSAID, induced apparent gastric lesions as well as a significant decrease in mucosal prostagiandin $E_2;(PGE_2)$ and prostagiandin F_${1{\alpha}}$$(PGF_{1{\alpha}})$ levels. Coadministration of DA-9601 prevents naproxen-induced mucosal injury and depletion of prostaglandins, in a dose-related manner. DA-9601 did not alter the antiinflammatory or analgesic effect of naproxen. The present results suggest that DA-9601 may be useful as a mucoprotectant against NSAIDs in clinical practice.
( Joo Young Lee ),( Wan Suk Lee ),( Min Kyu Jung ),( Seong Woo Jeon ),( Chang Min Cho ),( Won Young Tak ),( Young Oh Kweon ),( Sung Kook Kim ),( Yong Hwan Choi ),( Jong Gwang Kim ),( Sang Kyun Sohn ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2007 Gut and Liver Vol.1 No.2
We report a rare case of granulocytic sarcoma infiltrating the bile duct in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. A 23-year-old man presented with jaundice and weight loss. A peripheral blood smear revealed blast cells, and the results of an examination of bone marrow aspirate were consistent with acute myeloid leukemia. The bilirubin level increased gradually after induction chemotherapy with cytarabine. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) revealed dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts and smooth tapering off at the level of the common hepatic bile duct. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) also revealed diffuse narrowing of the proximal common hepatic bile duct. Obstructive jaundice resolved after endoscopic nasobiliary drainage. Remission induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and idarubicin was administered, and the patient remained complete hematological remission with normal liver function tests. (Gut and Liver 2007;1:182-185)