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( Kiyoto Mori ),( Makoto Naganuma ),( Shinta Mizuno ),( Hiroaki Suzuki ),( Mina T. Kitazume ),( Katsuyoshi Shimamura ),( Sayako Chiba ),( Akira Sugita ),( Katsuyoshi Matsuoka ),( Tadakazu Hisamatsu ) 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.3
Background/Aims: Recent research has highlighted the importance of interactions between commensal fungi and intestinal inflammation. However, there are few studies investigating whether commensal fungi contribute to inflammation in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). The aim of this study is to investigate reveal interactions between commensal fungi and host immune cells in CD. Methods: CD14-positive monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy human volunteers and then differentiated in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) (referred to as M-macrophages, M-Mφs) or M-CSF and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (referred to as M-gamma macrophages, Mγ-Mφs). Cytokine production by these in vitro differentiated macrophages in response to β-(1,3)-glucan was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of Dectin-1 was examined using flow cytometry, western blotting, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Cytokine production by in vitro differentiated macrophages in response to β-(1,3)-glucan was measured in the presence of an anti-Dectin-1 receptor antagonist, anti-Syr, or an anti-Fas-1 antibody. Cytokine production by lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) derived from CD patients in response to β-(1,3)-glucan was also analyzed. Results: Mγ-Mφs produced a large amount of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 in response to β-(1,3)-glucan. Dectin-1 expression was significantly higher in Mγ-Mφs than in M-Mφs. The increase in TNF-α production by Mγ-Mφs stimulated with glucan was reversed by blocking Dectin-1, Syr or Fas-1. LPMCs derived from CD patients stimulated with β-(1,3)-glucan produced significantly higher amount of TNF-α than LPMCs derived from UC patients. Conclusions: These results suggest that commensal fungal microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of CD by inducing macrophages-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines. (Intest Res 2018;16:384-392)
Kiyoto Sawada,Takaki Aihara,Takashi Kamijo 국립중앙과학관 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.15 No.3
Island ecosystems are thought to be hotspots of biodiversity but are also susceptible to invasion by alien species. Sado Island in Japan is a habitat for endemic and rare species, such as the endemic Sado wrinkled frog. However, two alien frog species, Bufo japonicus formosus and Lithobates catesbeianus, which have been introduced to the island are threatening the biodiversity of the island and their distribution in formation is lacking. In this study, we conducted a distribution survey of B. japonicus and L. catesbeianus over Sado Island and predicted their current and future potential distributions using a species distri bution model. We found that B. japonicus currently inhabits the southwestern part of the island near its introduction point and is in the process of expansion. Meanwhile, L. catesbeianus has a wider distribution range than B. japonicus and is almost expanding throughout most of its potential suitable habitat. We predict that, in the future, B. japonicus will expand their distribution to the southeastern part of the island. These findings show that it is necessary for B. japonicus to prevent their expansion into further area and L. catesbeianus to reduce the population, considering their distribution status.
( Tanno Kiyoto ) 건국대학교 이주사회통합연구소 2022 Journal of Migration and Social Integration (JMSI) Vol.7 No.1
In 2018, the Japanese government amended the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act to accept semi-skilled foreigners as workers for the first time, which was enforced from April 1, 2019. The success of the acceptance of Technical Intern Trainees as a new category could not be determined due to the corona-virus pandemic. However, compared to the planned number of Technical Intern Trainees, only a small number of them have continued to work in Japan, with various problems becoming apparent. In this paper, the following three points would be discussed in order: first, the industries that have labor demands for this new category of workers and the nature of the industries that create such demands. Second, how foreign workers are positioned in the new category under Japanese legal order. And finally, factors that have contributed to failures in the acceptance of semi-skilled foreign workers that are known at this time would be highlighted. The decision-making of the government’s acceptance of Technical Intern Trainees is a major first step. However, compared to Japanese nationals who have no restrictions on changing jobs or relocating their residences, foreigners face many restrictions, such as being unable to bring their families with them, even if they have a full-time labor contract with a company. Consequently, there is a grave divergence between Japanese nationals and foreign workers to date, with no change in the fundamental problems that the existence of foreign workers adds to Japan’s society.
Md. Emrul Kayesh,Kiyoto Matsuishi,Towhid H. Chowdhury,Ryuji Kaneko,Takeshi Noda,Ashraful Islam 대한금속·재료학회 2018 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.14 No.6
In this letter, we have introduced copper chloride (CuCl 2 ) as an additive in the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 precursor solution to improvethe surface morphology and crystallinity of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 fi lms in a single solvent system. Our optimized perovskite solarcells (PSCs) with 2.5 mol% CuCl 2 additive showed best power conversion effi ciency (PCE) of 15.22%. The PCE of the PSCsfabricated by CuCl 2 (2.5 mol%) additive engineering was 56% higher than the PSC fabricated with pristine CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 .