Analysis of Active Components and Proteomics of Chinese Wild Rice (Zizania latifolia (Griseb) Turcz) and Indica Rice (Nagina22)

Ming-xia Jiang,Li-jie Zhai,Hua Yang,Shu-menghui Zhai,Cheng-kai Zhai 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.8

The ancient Chinese wild rice (Zizania latifolia (Griseb) Turcz) (CWR) has valuable biological and medicinal functions. To assess the advantages lost in modern cultivated rice after domestication, we compared the composition of bioactive compounds and the results of proteomic analysis with those of Indica rice (N22). We used routine methods to determine the protein, total dietary fiber, amino acid, mineral substance, plant secondary metabolites, and amino acid composition of CWR and N22. The protein and mineral contents of CWR were two times that of N22, and the levels of calcium, potassium, magnesium, chromium, iron, and zinc were significantly higher than those of N22 (P < .05). There was ~7.6 times more dietary fiber in CWR than in N22, but fewer carbohydrates (P < .05). Anthocyanins and chlorophyll were detected in CWR, but were absent from N22. Compared with N22, CWR had 53, 19, and 5.4 times higher (P < .05) levels of saponins, flavonoids, and plant sterols, respectively. The amino acid score of CWR was 66.6, which was significantly higher than N22. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) indicated that the main seed proteins of CWR were glutelins, including both acid and alkaline subunits, which were approximately twice those of N22. To investigate the differences in protein profiles between CWR and N22, we conducted two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis of the total proteins in the seeds of the two rice species. 2-DE gels revealed 19 differentially expressed proteins. Information obtained from peptide mass fingerprinting indicates that glutelin precursor caffeoyl coenzyme A (CoA) O-methyltransferase and putative bithoraxoid-like protein can provide good gene sources for improving rice quality.

Experimental study on shear damage and lateral stiffness of transfer column in SRC-RC hybrid structure

Kai Wu,Jiangpeng Zhai,Jianyang Xue,Fangyuan Xu,Hongtie Zhao 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2019 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.23 No.5

A low-cycle loading experiment of 16 transfer column specimens was conducted to study the influence of parameters, likes the extension length of shape steel, the ratio of shape steel, the axial compression ratio and the volumetric ratio of stirrups, on the shear distribution between steel and concrete, the concrete damage state and the degradation of lateral stiffness. Shear force of shape steel reacted at the core area of concrete section and led to tension effect which accelerated the damage of concrete. At the same time, the damage of concrete diminished its shear capacity and resulted in the shear enlargement of shape steel. The interplay between concrete damage and shear force of shape steel ultimately made for the failures of transfer columns. With the increase of extension length, the lateral stiffness first increases and then decreases, but the stiffness degradation gets faster; With the increase of steel ratio, the lateral stiffness remains the same, but the degradation gets faster; With the increase of the axial compression ratio, the lateral stiffness increases, and the degradation is more significant. Using more stirrups can effectively restrain the development of cracks and increase the lateral stiffness at the yielding point. Also, a formula for calculating the yielding lateral stiffness is obtained by a regression analysis of the test data.

Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Prefabricated PEC Composite Beams Under Cyclic Loading

Kai Wu,Shi qi Lin,Xiaoyi Liu,Fanshen Mao,Jiangpeng Zhai 한국강구조학회 2020 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.20 No.3

In this paper, a new type prefabricated partially encased composite beam (PEC beam) using screw arbors instead of stirrups or welded transverse links in ordinary PEC structures to connect the upper and lower steel fl ange has been proposed. It not only retains the performance advantages of PEC structures, but also greatly enhances the prefabricated degree of structure and simplifi es construction process. Twelve beams with and without screw arbors were tested under cyclic loading to study the mechanical behavior of this new type of PEC beams. The major factors considered were shear span ratio ( λ = 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0), with or without screw arbors and concrete thickness. Test results including failure mode, load–defl ection curves ( P − Δ curves), characteristic points, ductility and stiff ness were introduced and discussed in detail. The test results showed that the failure mode of PEC beams changed from shear failure to bending failure with the increase of shear span ratio, and the asymmetric damage of specimens can be improved by screw arbors. In addition, PEC beams with screw arbors have better ductility and slower stiff ness degeneration than those without screw arbors. Potential application value can be seen from this new type of prefabricated PEC beams.

The generalized Fermat type difference equations

Kai Liu,Lei Ma,Xiaoyang Zhai 대한수학회 2018 대한수학회보 Vol.55 No.6

This paper is to consider the generalized Fermat difference equations with different types which ever considered by Li \cite{li}, Ishizaki and Korhonen \cite{IK}, Zhang \cite{zhangjie} and Liu \cite{liuk4,11,1177,liu}, respectively. Some new observations and results on these equations will be given.

THE GENERALIZED FERMAT TYPE DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS

Liu, Kai,Ma, Lei,Zhai, Xiaoyang Korean Mathematical Society 2018 대한수학회보 Vol.55 No.6

This paper is to consider the generalized Fermat difference equations with different types which ever considered by Li [14], Ishizaki and Korhonen [9], Zhang [26] and Liu [15-18], respectively. Some new observations and results on these equations will be given.

기혼여성의 대학원 학업경험에 대한 내러티브 탐구 : 일반대학원 교육학과를 중심으로

지미영(Miyoung, Ji),장카이(Kai, Zhang),SONG CHAOJING,ZHAI LIXIA,서영주(Youngjoo Seo) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.1

목적 이 연구는 다양한 환경을 가진 한국, 중국 기혼여성의 연구중심 대학원 학업경험에 대한 이야기를 통해 가정과 학업 사이의 고민, 어려움, 극복 내용 등을 탐구함으로써 그들이 직면한 어려움을 이해하고 실질적인 개선안에 대해 고찰해 보고자 하였다. 방법 B시 소재 일반대학원 학업을 경험한 5명의 기혼여성(중국인 2인, 한국인 3인)을 대상으로, Clandinin & Connelly (2000)의 내러티브 탐구방법을 활용하여 그들이 대학원 학습경험과 기혼여성으로서의 학업병행 생활을 살펴보았다. 자료 수집은 3번에 걸친 반구조화 면담을 통해 개별적으로 이루어졌으며, 기초 코딩작업을 거쳐 최종 결과, 제시한 연구문제에 따라 최종적으로 세 개의 주제(themes)가 도출되었다. 결과 첫째, 기혼여성은 대학원 재학 과정에서 학업 단절을 극복하기 위한 학업 적응과 더불어 일, 가사와 병행하는 데 생기는 시간적 부족을 겪고 있었다. 또한, 자녀 양육에 대한 부담감과 미안함을 겪고 있었다. 둘째, 기혼여성은 대학원 생활의 어려움을 일상으로 받아들이며 ‘익숙해짐’으로 순응함과 동시에 본인의 정체성을 찾아가는 과정을 겪으며 오히려 생활의 원동력을 얻고 있었다. 셋째, 기혼여성의 대학원 생활에 있어 온라인 수업 등의 이들에게 적합한 교육과정 개선과 동료들의 이해와 배려, 국가적 차원의 기혼여성대학원생에 대한 복지가 필요하다고 하였다. 결론 이 연구 결과는 교육학과 미래후속 연구 인력으로서 기혼여성대학원생의 어려움을 이해하고 학교 측면, 국가적 차원의 복지 개선에 대한 기초자료로 제공할 수 있을 것이다. Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand the difficulties they face and to consider practical improvement plans by exploring the experiences of married female graduate students from various backgrounds in the Department of Education at the general graduate school, such as the anxieties, difficulties, and overcoming content between family and study. Methods For 5 married women (two Chinese and three Koreans) who have experienced general graduate school studies in city B, using the narrative inquiry method of Clandinin & Connelly (2000), they experienced graduate school learning and their academic lives as married women at the same time. looked at Data collection was individually conducted through three semi-structured interviews, and three themes were finally derived according to the final result and the proposed research problem through basic coding work. Results First, the married female graduate students were experiencing a lack of time for both work and household chores as well as academic adaptation to overcome academic disconnection during the course of attending graduate school. In addition, they were experiencing the burden of raising children and feeling sorry for them. Second, married women graduate students accepted these difficulties as a daily life and adapted to ‘getting used to’, and at the same time went through the process of finding their own identity, rather getting a driving force for life. Third, married women graduate students said that it was necessary to improve the curriculum suitable for online classes, etc., to understand and consider colleagues, and to provide welfare for married women graduate students at the national level. Conclusions The results of this study will be able to understand the difficulties of married female graduate students as future follow-up research personnel in the Department of Education and provide basic data for improving welfare at the school and national level.

Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Versus Total Abdominal Hysterectomy for Endometrial Cancer: A Meta-analysis

Wang, Hui-Ling,Ren, Yan-Fang,Yang, Jun,Qin, Rui-Ying,Zhai, Kai-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

The standard surgery for early-stage endometrial cancer is total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH), while total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is less invasive and assumed to be associated with lower morbidity. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effects of TLH versus TAH in women with early-stage endometrial cancer. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, CBM and Cochrane Review databases for randomized trials assessing the effects of TLH versus TAH in women with early-stage endometrial cancer. The relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from each study were pooled using meta-analysis. In our study, 9 randomized trials with a total of 1,263 patients were included. Meta-analyses showed that TLH was associated with lower risks of major complications (RR = 0.53, 95%CI 0.29-0.98, P = 0.042), total complications (RR = 0.59, 95%CI 0.42-0.82, P = 0.002) and postoperative complications (RR = 0.57, 95%CI 0.40-0.83, P = 0.003). However, there were no obvious differences in risks of intra-operative complications (RR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.62-1.55, P = 0.919) and mortality (RR = 0.96, 95%CI 0.66-1.40, P = 0.835). In conclusion, our results provide new evidence of a benefit for TLH over TAH in terms of major complications, total complications and postoperative complications in endometrial cancer patients.

Isolation and Characterization of an Apple Gene Encoding Cytosolic Malate Dehydrogenase Involved in Malic Acid Biosynthesis

Yao Yu-xin,Hao Yu-jin,Li En-mao,Yi Kai,Liu Zhi,Zhai Heng 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in Pet Dogs in Central China

Wei-Feng Qian,Wen-Chao Yan,Tian-Qi Wang,Kai Zhai,Li-Fang Han,Chao-Chao Lv 대한기생충학열대의학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.53 No.1

The prevalence and genotype of Toxoplasma gondii infection in dogs in Henan Province, Central China was investigated. A total of 125 blood samples were collected from pet dogs during April to June 2013, and all samples were examined by indirect hemagglutination antibody test (IHA) and nested PCR. The overall T. gondii prevalence in pet dogs was 24.0% (30/125), with 20.8% (26/125) in IHA and 10.4% (13/125) in PCR, respectively. No statistical associations were found between animal gender and age and the prevalence of T. gondii infection. Thirteen positive DNA samples were genotyped using 11 PCR-RFLP markers, including SAG1, (3’+5’) SAG2, alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29- 2, L358, PK1, and Apico. Of these, only 2 samples were genotyped with complete data for all loci, and a novel genotype (type III at SAG3 and GRA6 loci, and type I at other loci) was identified. This is the first report of genetic characterization of T. gondii infection in dogs in China.