SOME RESULTS RELATED TO NON-DEGENERATE LINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS ON EUCLIDEAN JORDAN ALGEBRAS

K. Saravanan,V. Piramanantham,R. Theivaraman The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2023 한국수학논문집 Vol.31 No.4

This article deals with non-degenerate linear transformations on Euclidean Jordan algebras. First, we study non-degenerate for cone invariant, copositive, Lyapunov-like, and relaxation transformations. Further, we study that the non-degenerate is invariant under principal pivotal transformations and algebraic automorphisms.

MAXIMUM DEGREE ENERGY

K. Srinivasa Rao,K. N. PRAKASHA,KADIRVEL SARAVANAN,Ismail Naci CANGUL 장전수학회 2021 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.31 No.1

In this paper, maximum degree energy of graphs is studied. After giving some preliminary new results, bounds for the maximum degree eigenvalues are obtained for a general graph. Also bounds on the maximum degree eigenvalues of some frequently used graph classes are given by means of combinatorial, number theoretical and analysis methods. Many proofs are established by means of some result obtained by Adiga and Smitha. Maximum degree energy is calculated for any given simple graph and also for some classes of graphs and obtained relations with others. Special emphasis is given to unicyclic graphs. Several unicyclic graph classes are dened and their maximum degree eigenvalues and energy are calculated.

Tunable Dielectric Characteristics of (111)-Oriented Barium Strontium Titanate Thin Films Deposited on Platinized Si Substrates

K. Venkata Saravanan,K. Sudheendran,K. C. James Raju 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.6

We report the fabrication and characterization of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST5) thin films on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that the BST5 films are highly oriented along (111) direction. The misfit strain in the films was about −0.68%, which is compressive in nature. The Root Mean Square roughness (RMS roughness) measured using dynamic force microscope (DFM)was about 2.4 nm. The low frequency (40 Hz - 1MHz) dielectric properties measured using a Metal-Insulator-Metal structure show no dispersion either in dielectric constant or tan δ. The dielectric constant, loss tangent,tunability and figure of merit measured at 1MHz were about 598, 0.008, 54% (at 200 kV/cm) and 66, respectively. Varactors of circular patch capacitor (CPC) structure were patterned on the BST5 layer using UV photolithography and metal lift off process. The microwave dielectric response of the parallel plate varactors,measured from 1.5 - 10 GHz showed a tunability of ~30% (at 12 V dc bias) and a quality factor of 23.5(at 0 V dc bias).

An Exploratory Study of Cloud Service Level Agreements - State of the Art Review

( Saravanan K ),( Rajaram M ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.3

Cloud computing evolve as a cost effective business model for IT companies to focus on their core business without perturbing on infrastructure related issues. Hence, major IT firms and Small & Medium Enterprises (SME) are adopting cloud services on rental basis from cloud providers. Cloud Service level agreements (SLA) act as a key liaison between consumers and providers on renting Anything as a Service (AaaS). Design of such an agreement must aim for greater profit to providers as well as assured availability of services to consumers. However in reality, cloud SLA is not satisfying the parties involved because of its inherent complex nature and issues. Also currently most of the agreements are unilateral to favour the provider. This study focuses on comprehensive, 360-degree survey on different aspects of the cloud service agreements. We detailed the life cycle of SLA based on negotiation, different types of SLA, current standards, languages & characteristics, metrics and issues involved in it. This study will help the cloud actors to understand and evaluate the agreements and to make firm decision on negotiation. The need for standardized, bilateral, semantic SLA has also been proposed.

Recent progress for direct synthesis of dimethyl ether from syngas on the heterogeneous bifunctional hybrid catalysts

Saravanan, K.,Ham, Hyungwon,Tsubaki, Noritatsu,Bae, Jong Wook Elsevier 2017 Applied catalysis. B, Environmental Vol.217 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The recent rising demand of renewable energies and climate changes has been driving intensive academic researches into new chemical routes to sustainable and clean fuel productions in order to meet the demands of industrial evolution by solving energy crisis due to limited fossil fuel reservoirs and increasing environmental pollutants. Dimethyl ether (DME) is a multi-purpose synthetic fuel and chemical that can be used as an excellent alternative to diesel fuel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The present review paper briefly provides an overview of the recent developments for a direct synthesis of DME from synthesis gas (syngas, CO+H<SUB>2</SUB>) over some hybridized bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts composed of copper-based hydrogenation catalysts with solid acid components such as alumina or zeolites mainly, where the catalytic activities significantly depend on its properties influenced by synthesis protocols, porosities, surface areas, interactions of active metals with supports, distributions of metal particles on the supports and so on. We have also briefly covered the hydrogenation of CO<SUB>2</SUB>, a model reaction for the utilization of CO<SUB>2</SUB> containing in syngas, to produce DME and thereby significantly mitigate its environmental impacts. Furthermore, the catalytic performances of the direct synthesis of DME by hydrogenation of carbon oxides were explained in terms of the acid sites of the solid acid catalysts and surface area of metallic copper nanoparticles in the hybridized bifunctional catalysts with their preparation protocols.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Dimethyl ether (DME) is a multi-purpose alternative synthetic fuel for diesel and liquefied petroleum gas. </LI> <LI> Recent direct DME synthesis from syngas was overviewed over hybridized bifunctional catalysts. </LI> <LI> Surface acidity and metallic sites for CO or CO<SUB>2</SUB> hydrogenation to DME are crucial factors. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Structural damage detection through longitudinal wave propagation using spectral finite element method

Kumar, K. Varun,Saravanan, T. Jothi,Sreekala, R.,Gopalakrishnan, N.,Mini, K.M. Techno-Press 2017 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.12 No.1

This paper investigates the damage identification of the concrete pile element through axial wave propagation technique using computational and experimental studies. Now-a-days, concrete pile foundations are often common in all engineering structures and their safety is significant for preventing the failure. Damage detection and estimation in a sub-structure is challenging as the visual picture of the sub-structure and its condition is not well known and the state of the structure or foundation can be inferred only through its static and dynamic response. The concept of wave propagation involves dynamic impedance and whenever a wave encounters a changing impedance (due to loss of stiffness), a reflecting wave is generated with the total strain energy forked as reflected as well as refracted portions. Among many frequency domain methods, the Spectral Finite Element method (SFEM) has been found suitable for analysis of wave propagation in real engineering structures as the formulation is based on dynamic equilibrium under harmonic steady state excitation. The feasibility of the axial wave propagation technique is studied through numerical simulations using Elementary rod theory and higher order Love rod theory under SFEM and ABAQUS dynamic explicit analysis with experimental validation exercise. Towards simulating the damage scenario in a pile element, dis-continuity (impedance mismatch) is induced by varying its cross-sectional area along its length. Both experimental and computational investigations are performed under pulse-echo and pitch-catch configuration methods. Analytical and experimental results are in good agreement.

Genetic Distance among South Indian Breeds of Zebu Cattle Using Random Amplified DNA Markers

Ramesha, K.P.,Saravanan, T.,Rao, M.K.,Appannavar, M.M.,Obi Reddy, A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.3

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay was conducted to identify polymorphic markers in Amrithmahal, Krishna Valley, Hallikar, Deoni, Khillari, Ongole and Malnad Gidda breeds of South Indian cattle using twenty six primers. Of the 93 RAPD markers obtained, 53 were present in all breeds, 22 were individual specific and 18 were polymorphic for different breeds. Dual purpose breeds viz., Krishna Valley and Ongole showed less genetic divergence between them as compared to their genetic divergence from draft breeds viz., Amrithmahal, Hallikar and Khillari. Malnad Gidda was found to be a distinctly different from others studied.

Influence of Piper betle on Hepatic Marker Enzymes and Tissue Antioxidant Status in Ethanol-Treated Wistar Rats

K.V. Pugalendi,R. Saravanan,A. Prakasam,B. Ramesh 한국식품영양과학회 2002 Journal of medicinal food Vol.5 No.4

Piper betle L. is a commonly used masticatory in Asia. This study was carried out to investi-gate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of P. betle,using ethanol intoxication asa model of hepatoxic and oxidative damage. Ethanol-treated rats exhibited elevation of he-patic marker enzymes and disturbances in antioxidant defense when compared with normalrats. Oral administration of P. betle extract (10, 20, or 30 mg/kg body weight) for 30 dayssignificantly (P , .05) decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and lipid hydroperoxides in ethanoltreated rats. The extract also improved the tissue antioxidant status by increasing the levelsof nonenzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E) and the activ-ities of free radical detoxifying enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glu-tathione peroxidase in liver and kidney of ethanol-treated rats. The highest dose of P. betleextract (30 mg/kg body weight) was most effective. The results were comparable with theknown hepatoprotective drug, silymarin. These results indicate that P. betle could afford asignificant hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect.197

Influence of Sesame Oil on Blood Glucose, Lipid Peroxidation, and Antioxidant Status in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats

K.V. Pugalendi,B. Ramesh,R. Saravanan 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.3

The present study was carried out to assess the influence of sesame oil on blood glucose, lipid peroxidation,and status of antioxidants in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in adult female albino Wis-tar rats weighing 180200 g by administration of STZ (40 mg/kg of body weight) intraperitonially. Both normal and diabeticrats were fed with a commercial diet containing 2% oil supplemented with 6% sesame oil for 42 days. Diabetic rats had el-evated levels of blood glucose (322.61. 9.49 mg/dL), glycosylated hemoglobin, vitamin E, thiobarbituric acid-reactive sub-stances (TBARS), and lipid hydroperoxides and decreased levels of hemoglobin, vitamin C, and reduced glutathione (GSH).An increase in glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities and a decrease in hexokinase activity wereobserved in liver and kidney tissues. When diabetic rats fed with sesame oil were compared with diabetic rats, a significantreduction in levels of blood glucose (222.02. 8.27 mg/dL), glycosylated hemoglobin, TBARS, and lipid hydroperoxides andglucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities and an elevation in hemoglobin, vitamin E, and GSH levelsand hexokinase activity were observed. Thus, sesame oil consumption influences beneficially the blood glucose, glycosylatedhemoglobin, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant levels in diabetic rats.

Analysis of Neural Network Approaches for Nonlinear Modeling of Switched Reluctance Motor Drive

Saravanan, P,Balaji, M,Balaji, Nagaraj K,Arumugam, R The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.1

This paper attempts to employ and investigate neural based approaches as interpolation tools for modeling of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) drive. Precise modeling of SRM is essential to analyse the performance of control strategies for variable speed drive application. In this work the suitability of Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) in addition to conventional neural network are explored for improving the modeling accuracy of SRM. The neural structures are trained with the data obtained by modeling of SRM using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and the trained neural network is incorporated in the model of SRM drive. The results signify the modeling accuracy with GRNN model. The closed loop drive simulation is performed in MATLAB/Simulink environment and the closeness of the results in comparison with the experimental prototype validates the modeling approach.