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Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla,Ravindra S. Swamy,Satheesha B. Nayak,Nagabhooshana S. Somayaji,Mohandas K. G. Rao,Kumar M. R. Bhat 대한해부학회 2013 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.46 No.3
The extensor digitorum brevis muscle (EDB) is a practical option for use as an island flap or free flap when reconstructing soft tissue defects in the ankle as well as in the entire lower limb. It is frequently used to correct crossover toe deformity and other painful toe disorders. We evaluated the morphometry of the EDB in 44 formalin-fixed limbs. Length and width of the muscles were measured. Surface area was calculated as the product of length and width of the muscle. The length of each tendon was also measured from its origin to the point of distal attachment. Presence of any additional tendons was noted. Mean length, width, and surface area of the muscle were 7.39±0.71 cm, 4.1±0.37 cm, and 30.5±4.78 cm2 on the right side and 7.2±0.84 cm, 3.9±0.37 cm, and 28.4±5.35 cm2 on the left side, respectively. Morphometry of the tendons revealed that the tendon of the great toe had the highest mean length (9.5 cm) and the tendon of the fourth toe had the lowest mean length (6.3 cm). Four of the limbs studied (9.09%) had only three tendons. Three of the limbs studied (6.81%) had five tendons, and in one exceptional case (2.27%), six tendons were detected. These observations have significant value and are applicable to plastic and orthopedic surgery.
K. Srinivasa Rao,K. N. PRAKASHA,KADIRVEL SARAVANAN,Ismail Naci CANGUL 장전수학회 2021 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.31 No.1
In this paper, maximum degree energy of graphs is studied. After giving some preliminary new results, bounds for the maximum degree eigenvalues are obtained for a general graph. Also bounds on the maximum degree eigenvalues of some frequently used graph classes are given by means of combinatorial, number theoretical and analysis methods. Many proofs are established by means of some result obtained by Adiga and Smitha. Maximum degree energy is calculated for any given simple graph and also for some classes of graphs and obtained relations with others. Special emphasis is given to unicyclic graphs. Several unicyclic graph classes are dened and their maximum degree eigenvalues and energy are calculated.
Design and Analysis of MEMS Electrospray Thruster Device
K. Srinivasa Rao,Shaik Shoukat Vali,P. Ashok Kumar,K. Girija Sravani 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.2
This paper reports on MEMS based Electrospray Thruster for high output velocities, low volume, and high throughput. The best possible dimensions of thruster is fix after doing more experimental analysis i.e. cone half angle, propellant radius, propellant height, and cone height. The maximum output velocity is uptrain, propellant at > 300 μm and propellant radius is changed from 60 to 150 μm. Tip angle with 46°, operating voltage varied between 2.5 and 3.5 kV. The Electrospray Thruster design on COMSOL Multiphysics tool in laminar fl ow environment. Propellant inside emitter carry ionic liquid, almost EMI-BF4 is used as propellant. Output velocity of Electrospray Thruster is observed varying input voltages 2–3.5 kV, accompanying diff erent parameters like half angle and height of cone, propellant radius and height. Optimized outcome will be produced at cone angle of 46.5° with height 130 μm and con bottom radius 125 μm along with propellant radius 125 μm propellant height of 125 μm. The output velocities of thrusters are order of 10 6 .
Design of RF-MEMS Switch Integration with Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna
K. Srinivasa Rao,Ch. Gopichand,Reshmi Maity,N. P. Maity,K. Girija Sravani 한국전기전자재료학회 2022 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.23 No.1
This paper presents the design and analysis of a microstrip circular patch antenna, integrated with the RF-MEMS capacitive type switch. Here, two diff erent types of RF-MEMS (Radio frequency Micro-electromechanical systems) switches are proposed, one is a bridge-type and the other is a single-beam type switch. These two switches are designed and simulated by using FEM (Finite Element Model) tool, the pull-in voltages of the two switches are obtained as 1.9 V, 4.9 V. Both switches are integrated with the circular patch antenna and measure the device characteristics and analysed in HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) tool. The work is focused on analysing the performance of circular micro strip patch antenna such as return loss, radiation pattern, gain, VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) and bandwidth and compared the performances of both switches are in ON and OFF condition. The circular microstrip patch antenna with RF-MEMS switches are designed to achieve antenna re-configurability at low frequencies up to 15 GHz.
K. Srinivasa Rao,K. Girija Sravani,Y. Akhil Chowdary,P. Naveena,K. Vedha Vyasa,Himanshu Raina,B. Deepa Sunanda 한국전기전자재료학회 2022 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.23 No.4
This paper presents the design and analysis of an RF MEMS Shunt switch with low pull-in voltage and good RF performance. The switch includes a vertically deforming beam which includes perforations and meanders. This switch is developed to run at a Radio Frequency (RF) of 35 GHz. The signifi cant accomplishments in this work are the pull in voltage that is minimized to 3.72 V, and the return loss is listed below -26.6 dB, the insertion loss is listed less than -0.22 dB and isolation is -36.4 dB. The up and down capacitance of the switch is 110fF, 1.58pF, and the obtained capacitance ratio is 113.5. The product utilized for the CPW line is Gold (Au). The dielectric product utilized in between the beam and the CPW transmission line is Silicon Nitride (Si3N4). We achieved electromechanical analysis through COMSOL software and RF analysis is done using HFSS software.
K. Srinivasa Rao,P. Naveena,K. Girija Sravani 한국전기전자재료학회 2019 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.20 No.4
In this paper, we have enhanced the performance of the existing switch operating at 35 GHz by using a novel optimization process and these results are compared with the existing experimental results. The same optimization process is utilized to design the switch at 5G mobile communication frequencies (38 GHz) and its performance is analyzed. The switch is designed on the coplanar waveguide having 50 Ω impedance matching and is optimized based on the wireless application system for Ka-band (27–40 GHz) at a resonance frequency of 38 GHz. The proposed switch at 38 GHz exhibits low input reflection coefficient (S 11 ) of 13.86 dB (> 10 dB), low insertion loss (S 12 ) of 0.44 dB (< 1 dB) and high isolation (S 21 ) of 33 dB at Ka-band frequencies. The proposed structure is designed to have less spring constant of 2.38 N/m and actuation voltage of 11.97 V. During UP state position switch develops an ON-state capacitance of 31 fF and OFF state capacitance of 0.152 pF during downstate with a capacitance ratio of 4.90. The switch requires low switching time of 0.19 ms and it can withstand up to the force of 12.97 × 10 −4 N which is generated during actuation. Thus, the proposed switch can be eff ectively optimized for good performance and can be used for high-frequency 5G communication applications.
On summation theorems for the _(3)F_(2)(1) series
K. Srinivasa Rao,R. Suresh 대한수학회 2009 대한수학회보 Vol.46 No.6
The intimate relation between the 3-j coefficient in Quantum Theory of Angular Momentum (QTAM) and the _3F_2(1) hypergeometric series is exploited to derive new summation theorems, from formulas for the 3-j coefficient. The intimate relation between the 3-j coefficient in Quantum Theory of Angular Momentum (QTAM) and the _3F_2(1) hypergeometric series is exploited to derive new summation theorems, from formulas for the 3-j coefficient.
Design and performance Analysis of PDMS Based Micropump
K. Srinivasa Rao,K. Chandrasekharam,S. Bandhavi Sai Sri,S. Suma,Md. Hamza,K. Grija Sravani 한국전기전자재료학회 2020 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.21 No.5
This paper presents the design and performance analysis of MEMS based piezoelectrically actuated micropump for drug delivery systems. The proposed micropump have achieved a fl ow velocity and flow rate of 8.92 m/s and 0.854 mL/min respectively at 50 V when BaTiO 3 is used as piezoelectric material. The micropump comprises of four elements: electrodes, piezoelectric layer, flexible membrane and a reservoir. The obtained flow rate for the micropump is best suitable in cardiovascular, hypertension cases where the drug need to be delivered with an appropriate flowrate.
ON SUMMATION THEOREMS FOR THE <sub>3</sub>F<sub>2</sub>(1) SERIES
Rao, K. Srinivasa,Suresh, R. Korean Mathematical Society 2009 대한수학회보 Vol.46 No.6
The intimate relation between the 3-j coefficient in Quantum Theory of Angular Momentum (QTAM) and the $_3F_2(1)$ hypergeometric series is exploited to derive new summation theorems, from formulas for the 3-j coefficient.