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Homogeneous Yang–Baxter deformations as generalized diffeomorphisms
Sakamoto, Jun-ichi,Sakatani, Yuho,Yoshida, Kentaroh IOP 2017 JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL Vol.50 No.41
<P>Yang–Baxter (YB) deformations of string sigma model provide deformed target spaces. We propose that homogeneous YB deformations always lead to a certain class of <I>β</I>-twisted backgrounds and represent the bosonic part of the supergravity fields in terms of the classical <I>r</I>-matrix associated with the YB deformation. We then show that various <I>β</I>-twisted backgrounds can be realized by considering generalized diffeomorphisms in the undeformed background. Our result extends the notable relation between the YB deformations and (non-commuting) TsT transformations. We also discuss more general deformations beyond the YB deformations.</P>
Yuta Yoshino,Takaaki Mori,Taku Yoshida,Yasutaka Toyota,Hideaki Shimizu,Jun-ichi Iga,Shusaku Nishitani,Shu-ichi Ueno 대한정신약물학회 2017 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.15 No.3
Objective: Donepezil is used to improve cognitive impairment of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Visuo-spatial dysfunction is a well-known symptom of DLB. Non-verbal Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM) were used to assess both visual perception and reasoning ability in DLB subjects treated with donepezil. Methods: Twenty-one DLB patients (mean age, 78.7±4.5 years) were enrolled. RCPM assessment was performed at the time of starting donepezil and within one year after starting donepezil. Results: There were significant improvements of RCPM in the total scores between one year donepezil treatment (p=0.013), in both Set A score (p=0.002) and Set AB score (p=0.015), but trend in the Set B score (p=0.083). Conclusion: Donepezil is useful for improving visuo-spatial impairment in DLB, but not for problem-solving impairment
Control of tandem isomerizations: flow-assisted reactions of <i>o</i>-lithiated aryl benzyl ethers
Lee, Hyune-Jea,Kim, Heejin,Yoshida, Jun-ichi,Kim, Dong-Pyo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Chemical communications Vol.54 No.5
<P>Tandem chemical changes are often difficult to control at will, because they proceed rapidly through multiple unstable reactive intermediates. It is desirable to develop a novel method for controlling such tandem changes to obtain desired products with high selectivity. Herein, we report a flow microreactor platform for controlling tandem isomerizations of <I>o</I>-lithiated aryl benzyl ethers based on precise residence time control.</P>
Takashi Tamura,Yasunobu Yamashita,Kazuki Ueda,Yuki Kawaji,Masahiro Itonaga,Shin-ichi Murata,Kaori Yamamoto,Takeichi Yoshida,Hiroki Maeda,Takao Maekita,Mikitaka Iguchi,Hideyuki Tamai,Masao Ichinose,Jun 대한소화기내시경학회 2017 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.50 No.4
Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has been used to diagnose gastrointestinal submucosal tumors (SMTs). Although rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) has been reported to improve the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA for pancreatic lesions, on-site cytopathologists are not routinely available. Given this background, the usefulness of ROSE by endosonographers themselves for pancreatic tumors has also been reported. However, ROSE by endosonographers for diagnosis of SMT has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA with ROSE by endosonographers for SMT, focusing on diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), compared with that of EUS-FNA alone. Methods: Twenty-two consecutive patients who underwent EUS-FNA with ROSE by endosonographers for SMT followed by surgical resection were identified. Ten historical control subjects who underwent EUS-FNA without ROSE were used for comparison. Results: The overall diagnostic accuracy for SMT was significantly higher in cases with than without ROSE (100% vs. 80%, p=0.03). The number of needle passes by FNA with ROSE by endosonographers tended to be fewer, although accuracy was increased (3.3±1.3 vs. 5.9±3.8, p=0.06). Conclusions: ROSE by endosonographers during EUS-FNA for SMT is useful for definitive diagnosis, particularly for GIST.
Conformal twists, Yang–Baxter <i>σ</i>-models & holographic noncommutativity
Araujo, Thiago,Bakhmatov, Ilya,Colgá,in, Eoin Ó,Sakamoto, Jun-ichi,Sheikh-Jabbari, Mohammad M,Yoshida, Kentaroh IOP 2018 JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL Vol.51 No.23
<P>Expanding upon earlier results (Araujo <I>et al</I> 2017 <I>Phys. Rev</I>. D <B>95</B> 105006), we present a compendium of <I>σ</I>-models associated with integrable deformations of AdS<SUB>5</SUB> generated by solutions to homogenous classical Yang–Baxter equation. Each example we study from four viewpoints: conformal (Drinfeld) twists, closed string gravity backgrounds, open string parameters and proposed dual noncommutative (NC) gauge theory. Irrespective of whether the deformed background is a solution to supergravity or generalized supergravity, we show that the open string metric associated with each gravity background is undeformed AdS<SUB>5</SUB> with constant open string coupling and the NC structure Θ is directly related to the conformal twist. One novel feature is that Θ exhibits ‘holographic noncommutativity’: while it may exhibit non-trivial dependence on the holographic direction, its value everywhere in the bulk is uniquely determined by its value at the boundary, thus facilitating introduction of a dual NC gauge theory. We show that the divergence of the NC structure Θ is directly related to the unimodularity of the twist. We discuss the implementation of an outer automorphism of the conformal algebra as a coordinate transformation in the AdS bulk and discuss its implications for Yang–Baxter <I>σ</I>-models and self-T-duality based on fermionic T-duality. Finally, we comment on implications of our results for the integrability of associated open strings and planar integrability of dual NC gauge theories.</P>
Submillisecond organic synthesis: Outpacing Fries rearrangement through microfluidic rapid mixing
Kim, Heejin,Min, Kyoung-Ik,Inoue, Keita,Im, Do Jin,Kim, Dong-Pyo,Yoshida, Jun-ichi American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2016 Science Vol.352 No.6286
<P>In chemical synthesis, rapid intramolecular rearrangements often foil attempts at site-selective bimolecular functionalization. We developed a microfluidic technique that outpaces the very rapid anionic Fries rearrangement to chemoselectively functionalize iodophenyl carbamates at the ortho position. Central to the technique is a chip microreactor of our design, which can deliver a reaction time in the submillisecond range even at cryogenic temperatures. The microreactor was applied to the synthesis of afesal, a bioactive molecule exhibiting anthelmintic activity, to demonstrate its potential for practical synthesis and production.</P>
MULTIBAND OPTICAL OBSERVATION OF THE P/2010 A2 DUST TAIL
Kim, Junhan,Ishiguro, Masateru,Hanayama, Hidekazu,Hasegawa, Sunao,Usui, Fumihiko,Yanagisawa, Kenshi,Sarugaku, Yuki,Watanabe, Jun-ichi,Yoshida, Michitoshi IOP Publishing 2012 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.746 No.1
<P>An inner main-belt asteroid, P/2010 A2, was discovered on 2010 January 6. Based on its orbital elements, it is considered that the asteroid belongs to the Flora collisional family, where S-type asteroids are common, while showing a comet-like dust tail. Although analysis of images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope and Rosetta spacecraft suggested that the dust tail resulted from a recent head-on collision between asteroids, an alternative idea of ice sublimation was suggested based on the morphological fitting of ground-based images. Here, we report a multiband observation of P/2010 A2 made on 2010 January with a 105 cm telescope at the Ishigakijima Astronomical Observatory. Three broadband filters, g', R-c, and I-c, were employed for the observation. The unique multiband data reveal that the reflectance spectrum of the P/2010 A2 dust tail resembles that of an Sq-type asteroid or that of ordinary chondrites rather than that of an S-type asteroid. Due to the large error of the measurement, the reflectance spectrum also resembles the spectra of C-type asteroids, even though C-type asteroids are uncommon in the Flora family. The reflectances relative to the g' band (470 nm) are 1.096 +/- 0.046 at the R-c band (650 nm) and 1.131 +/- 0.061 at the I-c band (800 nm). We hypothesize that the parent body of P/2010 A2 was originally S-type but was then shattered upon collision into scattering fresh chondritic particles from the interior, thus forming the dust tail.</P>