Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates mechanical stress-induced cardiac injury via calcium sensing receptorrelated pathway

Mei-Li Lu,Jing Wang,Yang Sun,Cong Li,Tai-Ran Sun,Xu-Wei Hou,Hong-Xin Wang 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.6

Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has been well documented to be effective against various cardiovasculardisease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Rg1 on mechanical stress-inducedcardiac injury and its possible mechanism with a focus on the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR)signaling pathway. Methods: Mechanical stress was implemented on rats through abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)procedure and on cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts by mechanical stretching with Bioflex CollagenI plates. The effects of Rg1 on cell hypertrophy, fibrosis, cardiac function, [Ca2þ]i, and the expression ofCaSR and calcineurin (CaN) were assayed both on rat and cellular level. Results: Rg1 alleviated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and improved cardiac decompensation inducedby AAC in rat myocardial tissue and cultured cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. Importantly, Rg1treatment inhibited CaSR expression and increase of [Ca2þ]i, which similar to the CaSR inhibitor NPS2143. In addition, Rg1 treatment inhibited CaN and TGF-b1 pathways activation. Mechanistic analysis showedthat the CaSR agonist GdCl3 could not further increase the [Ca2þ]i and CaN pathway related proteinexpression induced by mechanical stretching in cultured cardiomyocytes. CsA, an inhibitor of CaN,inhibited cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, [Ca2þ]i and CaN signaling but had no effect on CaSRexpression. Conclusion: The activation of CaN pathway and the increase of [Ca2þ]i mediated by CaSR are involved incardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, that may be the target of cardioprotection of Rg1 against myocardialinjury.

Separation of Nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis Fermentation Broth by Expanded Bed Adsorption with Mixed-mode Adsorbent

Lu Miao-Hua,Lin Dong-Qiang,Wu Yuan-Chun,Yun Jun-Xian,Mei Le-He,Yao Shan-Jing The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2005 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.10 No.2

Mixed-mode hydrophobic/ionic matrices exhibit a salt-tolerant property for adsorbing target protein from high-ionic strength feedstock, which allows the application of undiluted feedstock via an expanded bed process. In the present work, a new type of mixed-mode adsorbent designed for expanded bed adsorption, Fastline $PRO^{\circledR}$, was challenged for the capture of nattokinase from the high ionic fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis. Two important factors, pH and ion concentration, were investigated with regard to the performance of nattokinase ad-sorption. Under initial fermentation broth conditions (pH 6.6 and conductivity of 10 mS/cm) the adsorption capacity of nattokinase with Fastline PRO was high, with a maximum capacity of 5,350 U/mL adsorbent. The elution behaviors were investigated using packed bed adsorption experiments, which demonstrated that the effective desorption of nattokinase could be achieved by effecting a pH of 9.5. The biomass pulse response experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the biomass/adsorbent interactions between Bacillus subtilis cells and Fastline PRO, and to demonstrate a stable expanded bed in the feedstock containing Bacillus subtilis cells. Finally, an EBA process, utilizing mixed-mode Fastline PRO adsorbent, was optimized to capture nattokinase directly from the fermentation broth. The purification factor reached 12.3, thereby demonstrating the advantages of the mixed-mode EBA in enzyme separation.

Temperature monitoring and analysis of a long-span cable-stayed bridge during construction period

Mei, Xiudao,Lu, Yiyan,Shi, Jing Techno-Press 2021 Structural monitoring and maintenance Vol.8 No.2

The temperature induced response of long-span cable-stayed bridge in cantilever state is significant, which is of great interest to study the temperature characteristics during construction period. A method of analyzing the eigenvalue and its extremum of daily temperature based on cubic spline function (CSF) is proposed. By setting the fixed time interval reasonably, introducing variable time interval and extracting nodes at the MinMax of daily temperature, the obtained CSF can approach the measured temperature curve with high accuracy. Based on CSF, the temperature characteristics at three levels of measuring point, section and component are analyzed in turn. The temperature monitoring data of a cable-stayed bridge with main span of 938 m and side span of steel-concrete composited box girder (CBG) during construction are analyzed. The results show that the temperature variation of steel box girder is remarkable; the steel beam of CBG is similar to steel box girder before composited, and it turns stable after composited; the influence of PE color on cable temperature is notable than that of the cable specification; as blue PE cable, the temperature difference of cable vs pylon and cable vs CBG exceed 17℃ and 13℃.

Study on the optimization of the decolorization of orange essential oil

Jing-Nan Ren,Yan Zhang,Gang Fan,Mei-Ping Wang,Lu-Lu Zhang,Zi-Yu Yang,Siyi Pan 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.4

The effects of diatomite, activated clay and acticarbon on the decolorization of orange essential oil were investigated. Single factor and orthogonal tests were performed to determine the optimum discoloring conditions. The results showed that the activated clay exhibited the most satisfactory effect on discoloring. Then it was used as the decolorizer for the decolorization of orange essential oil. The highest decolorization rate (84.5%) was obtained using 10% activated clay at 60 C for 30 min. The contents of oxygenated compounds (linalool and citral) increased from 1.4 to 3.1% after decolorization. Sensory assessment revealed that the orange essential oil after decolorization using activated clay had a mellow and characteristic orange aroma. Chromaticity analysis showed that it had excellent transparency and yellow color under the optimized condition. Thus, decolorization with activated clay could maintain the quality and prolong the storage of orange essential oil.

Separation of Nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis Fermentation Broth by Expanded Bed Adsorption with Mixed-mode Adsorbent

Shan-Jing Yao,Miao-Hua Lu,Dong-Qiang Lin,Yuan-Chun Wu,Jun-Xian Yun,Le-He Mei 한국생물공학회 2005 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.10 No.2

Mixed-mode hydrophobic/ionic matrices exhibit a salt-tolerant property for adsorbing target protein from high-ionic strength feedstock, which allows the application of undiluted feedstock via an expanded bed process. In the present work, a new type of mixed-mode adsorbent designed for expanded bed adsorption, Fastline PRO, was challenged for the capture of nattokinase from the high ionic fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis. Two important factors, pH and ion concentration, were investigated with regard to the performance of nattokinase adsorption. Under initial fermentation broth conditions (pH 6.6 and conductivity of 10 mS/cm) the adsorption capacity of nattokinase with Fastline PRO was high, with a maximum capacity of 5,350 U/mL adsorbent. The elution behaviors were investigated using packed bed adsorption experiments, which demonstrated that the effective desorption of nattokinase could be achieved by effecting a pH of 9.5. The biomass pulse response experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the biomass/adsorbent interactions between Bacillus subtilis cells and Fastline PRO, and to demonstrate a stable expanded bed in the feedstock containing Bacillus subtilis cells. Finally, an EBA process, utilizing mixed-mode Fastline PRO adsorbent, was optimized to capture nattokinase directly from the fermentation broth. The purification factor reached 12.3, thereby demonstrating the advantages of the mixed-mode EBA in enzyme separation.

Life Science : Citreorosein Inhibits Production of Proinflam matory Cytokines by Blocking Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases, Nuclear Factor-kB and Activator Protein-1 Aetivation in Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Mast Cells

( Yue Lu ),( Seok Jong Suh ),( Xian Li ),( Jing Lu Liang ),( Mei Juan Chi ),( Kyoung Hwang Bo ),( Ok Yun Kwon ),( Tae Wook Chung ),( Choong Hwan Kwak ),( Kyung Min Kwon ),( Makoto Murakami ),( Yurn Do 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2012 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.22 No.0

Citreorosein (CIT), an anthraquinone component of Polygoni cuspidati (P. cuspidati) radix, suppressed gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus the calcium ionophore A23187. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying CIT inhibition of the pro-inflammatory cytokine production, its effects on the activation of both nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were assessed. CIT attenuated phosphorylation of the MAPKs including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38 MAP kinase and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK). Furthermore, CIT strongly inhibited DNA binding activity of NF-κB through the inhibition of phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of kappaB (IκB) as well as activator protein-1 (AP)-1 through the reduction of phosphorylation of c-Jun. These results demonstrate that CIT inhibits proinflammatory cytokinesproduction through the inhibition of both MAPKs and AKT-mediated IκB kinase (IKK) phosphorylation and subsequent inhibition of transcription factor NF-κB activation, thereby attenuating the production ofproinflammatory cytokines.

Impact of a Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean Line on the Rhizobacteria, Revealed by Illumina MiSeq

( Gui-hua Lu ),( Yin-ling Zhu ),( Ling-ru Kong ),( Jing Cheng ),( Cheng-yi Tang ),( Xiao-mei Hua ),( Fan-fan Meng ),( Yan-jun Pang ),( Rong-wu Yang ),( Jin-liang Qi ),( Yong-hua Yang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.3

The global commercial cultivation of transgenic crops, including glyphosate-tolerant soybean, has increased widely in recent decades with potential impact on the environment. The bulk of previous studies showed different results on the effects of the release of transgenic plants on the soil microbial community, especially rhizosphere bacteria. In this study, comparative analyses of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soils and surrounding soils were performed between the glyphosate-tolerant soybean line NZL06-698 (or simply N698), containing a glyphosate-insensitive EPSPS gene, and its control cultivar Mengdou12 (or simply MD12), by a 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA) amplicon sequencing-based Illumina MiSeq platform. No statistically significant difference was found in the overall alpha diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities, although the species richness and evenness of the bacteria increased in the rhizosphere of N698 compared with that of MD12. Some influence on phylogenetic diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities was found between N698 and MD12 by beta diversity analysis based on weighted UniFrac distance. Furthermore, the relative abundances of part rhizosphere bacterial phyla and genera, which included some nitrogen-fixing bacteria, were significantly different between N698 and MD12. Our present results indicate some impact of the glyphosate-tolerant soybean line N698 on the phylogenetic diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities together with a significant difference in the relative abundances of part rhizosphere bacteria at different classification levels as compared with its control cultivar MD12, when a comparative analysis of surrounding soils between N698 and MD12 was used as a systematic contrast study.

Ginsenoside Rh2 reduces depression in offspring of mice with maternal toxoplasma infection during pregnancy by inhibiting microglial activation via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway

Xiang Xu,Yu-Nan Lu,Jia-Hui Cheng,Hui-Wen Lan,Jing-Mei Lu,Guang-Nan Jin,Guang-Hua Xu,Cheng-Hua Jin,Juan Ma,Hu-Nan Piao,Xuejun Jin,Lian-Xun Piao 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.1

Background: Maternal Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection during pregnancy has been associated with various mental illnesses in the offspring. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) is a major bioactive compound obtained from ginseng that has an anti-T. gondii effect and attenuates microglial activation through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway. GRh2 also alleviated tumor-associated or lipopolysaccharide-induced depression. However, the effects and potential mechanisms of GRh2 on depression-like behavior in mouse offspring caused by maternal T. gondii infection during pregnancy have not been investigated. Methods: We examined GRh2 effects on the depression-like behavior in mouse offspring, caused by maternal T. gondii infection during pregnancy, by measuring depression-like behaviors and assaying parameters at the neuronal and molecular level. Results: We showed that GRh2 significantly improved behavioral measures: sucrose consumption, forced swim time and tail suspended immobility time of their offspring. These corresponded with increased tissue concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine, and attenuated indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase or enhanced tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the prefrontal cortex. GRh2 ameliorated neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex. Molecular docking results revealed that GRh2 binds strongly to both TLR4 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that GRh2 ameliorated the depression-like behavior in mouse offspring of maternal T. gondii infection during pregnancy by attenuating the excessive activation of microglia and neuroinflammation through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. It suggests that GRh2 could be considered a potential therapy in preventing and treating psychiatric disorders in the offspring mice of mothers with prenatal exposure to T. gondii infection.

Micellization behavior of binary mixtures of amino sulfonate amphoteric surfactant with different octylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers in aqueous salt solution: Both cationic and hydrophilic effects

Zhao Hua Ren,Jing Huang,Yue Luo,Yan Cheng Zheng,Ping Mei,Lu Lai,Yan Ling Chang 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.36 No.-

The effect of different valent inorganic cations and the hydrophilic group of surfactant on themicellization behavior of binary surfactant mixtures constituted by an amphoteric surfactant, sodium3-(N-dodecyl ethylenediamino)-2-hydropropyl sulfonate (C12AS), and three nonionic surfactantsoctylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-n) with different numbers of oxyethylene glycol ethers (n),namely, OP-10, OP-7, and OP-4 was investigated in aqueous solution. These inorganic cations includeNa+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Al3+ and Fe3+. Both the tensiometry and the UV–vis spectrophotometry usingpyrene as a probe were adopted to determine the critical micelle concentrations (cmc) of individual ormixed surfactants. Interaction parameters between two surfactants and other parameters were obtainedbased on the regular solution theory, the pseudophase separation model, Rubingh’s model, etc. Thermodynamic parameters including Gibbs energy of micellization and thermodynamic stability werealso calculated by both the equation proposed by Molyneux et al. and Maeda’s treatment, respectively. The effect of different valent cations on both the mixed cmc of surfactant mixtures and the molar fractionof C12AS in mixed micelle (X1) can be explained theoretically by the salting-out effect, electrostaticinteraction and steric effect. For three binary surfactant mixtures, the chain length of hydrophilic groupof surfactant results in different micellization behaviors. On adding salts, the interaction parametersshow that there exists a synergistic effect between two surfactants, and the effect increases withincreasing the ratio of valence (Z) and atom radius (R) of cation, especially, for the C12AS/OP-4 mixture. With increasing the Z/R value of cation, a deviation of X1 from the ideal value shows a divergence forthree binary surfactant mixtures because of different hydrophilicities of surfactant. Thermodynamicparameters indicate that the addition of cations with a large Z/R value can be contributive moreeffectively to the formation of stable mixed micelle than the case in the presence of cations with a smallZ/R value.

IGF-1 from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Radioresistance of Breast Cancer Cells

Yang, Hui-Ying,Qu, Rong-Mei,Lin, Xiao-Shan,Liu, Tong-Xin,Sun, Quan-Quan,Yang, Chun,Li, Xiao-Hong,Lu, Wei,Hu, Xiao-Fang,Dai, Jing-Xing,Yuan, Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) on radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: MTT assays were used to detect any influence of AMSC supernatants on proliferation of breast cancer cells; cell migration assays were used to determine the effect of breast cancer cells on the recruitment of AMSCs; the cell survival fraction post-irradiation was assessed by clonogenic survival assay; ${\gamma}$-H2AX foci number post-irradiation was determined via fluorescence microscopy; and expression of IGF-1R was detected by Western blotting. Results: AMSC supernatants promoted proliferation and radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Breast cancer cells could recruit AMSCs, especially after irradiation. IGF-1 derived from AMSCs might be responsible for the radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Conclusions: Our results suggest that AMSCs in the tumor microenvironment may affect the outcome of radiotherapy for breast cancer in vitro.