Already의 의미적 특성과 화용적 기능에 관한 연구

柳在根 광주대학교 인문과학연구소 1998 인문과학 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of this paper is explore the some semantic aspects and pragmatic functions of the adverb 'already.' Semantically 'already' has been analysed as the dual negative concepts. That is, it is analyzed ashaving the non-instantional and premature inceptional presuppositions. However, the semantic structures of adverb 'already' depends on the priority of event time. The one event time is reference interval and the other is already state. According to those semantic structure. we can define the pragmatic functions of the meanings of 'already.' That is priority to process, priority to comparison, priority t expected eventuation point, and priority to further accretion. But those functions have no clear cut distintion in their relations so that they can be formualted as a complex function based on the speakers intention.

양화표현으로서 even의 의미재고

柳在根 광주대학교 인문과학연구소 1997 인문과학 Vol.3 No.-

Adverb even expresses unexpectedness or surprise. It also entails the existence of a contrast class. In this paper it is the aim to explain that even implies not only surprise or the existence of the comparative object but also quantification over a wider class and to formulate a general priciple for even sentences and their truth conditions: "even implies an unexpected element in a truth-functional expansion of an existentional quantifier or a universal quantifier. Universal generalizations of even involves a universal quantifier and the comparative-intensifying use of even under the universal quantifier account. Along with universal quantification of even, as the object of even indicates an instantiation of an explicit existential quantifier, even is an existential quantifier, its use implying some forms of existential quantification. The comparative intensifying use including disjunctive enumerations may be a reading with an existential quntifier. But the original use of even is ambiguous as between a universal quantifier and an existential quantifier.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae의 樂劑耐性에 대한 調査硏究

柳在根 건국대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

Measurement of the sensitivity of gonococci to antibiotics is of great importance in the rational use of chemoteraphy, in the evaluation of new agents and in epidemiological studies, especially in relation to frequent failure in some cases of chemoteraphy. In view of the facts, the authors tried to measure antibiotic sensitivity of gonococci in vitro, and to establish to some extent the new patterns of resistance among the isolated strains. Most of the strains studied were isolated in 1974 from women serving for foreign soldiers at the camps in Seoul City and Gyeunggj-Do Province. The National Venereal Disease Centre, N.I.H. identified and confirmed as gonococci the presumptive strains. Antibiotics used for the susceptibility test by the afar dilution method are penicillin, tetracycline, spectinomycin and ampicillin ; which all are recommended for treatment of gonorrhoeae by the WHO and CDC in USA. The agar dilution tests were made on the isolated strains against each of the 4 antibiotics. The agar dilution MIC values gave rise to the following results : 1) The MIC values against penicillin ranged within 0.01 to 2 iu/ml. The strains with penicillin MIC's above liu/ml were especially 30%, having relative degree of resistance. 2) The MIC values against ampicillin ranged within 0.01 to 2.0 mcg/ml, and all the strains appeared to be very sensitive to the antibiotic. 3) Tetracycline MIC's ranged within 0.1 to 8 mcg/ml, giving rise to sensitivity of the strains to the antibiotic. 4) Spectinomycin MIC's had relatively wide range of 2 to 32 mcg/ml in sensitivity of the strains to the antibiotic. 5) The MIC's against the 4 antibiotics showed that all the strains used in the study are very sensitive to the antibiotics at the lower concentraion.

副詞的 量化 表現의 修飾領域에 關한 硏究

柳在根 광주대학교 인문과학연구소 1995 인문과학 Vol.1 No.-

The semantic description of quantifers is based on what kind of the syntactic categories the quantifiers have and what the quantified objects are. In addition to these, the scope of quantifiers and the anaphor involves with the quantificational meaning of the NP. Especially the donkey-sentence has the problem such that the ananphor IT and quantified NP “SOME DONKEY”have the same coreferential meaning, however there was no any theory to describe it. When some kind of time-adverbs appear in the quantified sentences, they represent the quantificational meaning in addition to the actual quantifers. In that case there are some problems of conflict between quantifers and time-adverbs. In order to solve those problems, adverbial quantifiers could be treated as a domain which contains a element of variable, event, situation, or condition. There are some difference of focus and scope between an indefinite noun phrase and adverbial quantifiers. Especially the difference of focus and scope is formalized with respect to the compound conditions such as ONLY IF, EVEN IF ect. That is, we can define the relation between the element of focus and the complement of condition as a relation between the situation and the set of situations respectively. With the concept of relation between the part and whole, the pronoun IT has the coreferential meaning with the indefinite noun phrase because the pronoun can be substituted for the definite noun phase. The meaning of quantified expression can be described as the relation between the part and whole in situation semantics, because it is enough to have the minimal situation among the set of situations. So the meaning of the donkey-sentence is “Many of the minimal situations in which there is a farmer and there is a donkey that the farmer owns are part of a larger situation in which the farmer beats the donkey.”It means that the time-adverbs can be treated as a quantifiers, and the adverbs also represent the set of situations.

식도에 발생한 원발성 소세포암 1예

류보열,김태종,곽재정,김영학,박찬국,김만우,이승일,기근홍 조선의대 1995 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.20 No.2

우리나라 여성 노동력 상태의 동태적 특성 연구

남재량,류근관 서울대학교 사회과학연구원 1999 한국사회과학 Vol.21 No.4

본연구는 「경제활동인구조사」원자료를 패널자료 형태로 연결시켜 우리나라 여성노동력 상태의 동태적 특성을 밝히고 이를 통해 저량측면에서 나타나는 전형적 사실들에 대한 설명을 시도하고 있다.분석에 따르면 여성의 강한 비경제활동 인구화 경향과 높은 실망실업효과가 우리나라여성노동력의 가장 중요한 동태적 특성이다.이러한 특성은 시간에 걸쳐 점차 약화되고 있어서 빈번하던 여성의 노동력상태 변화정도가 점차 하락하는 추세를 보인다.이러한 유량 요인들이 경제활동참가율과 실업률의 성별격차 및 그 격차들의 시간에 걸친 하락이라는 저량 측면의 전형적인 사실들을 나타나게 한 주요 원인이다. This paper constructs a sequence of moving panel data using the raw data files of the Korean current population survey, a monthly household survey conducted by the Korea statistic bureau.Analysing these panel data, this paper finds that strong tendency toward no labor force and a high discouraged worker effect are two major characteristics of the Korean female labor force.These characteristics cause both female labor force participation rates and the female unemplyment rates to be lower than their male counterparts.These characteristics are commonly observed for each age and education subgroup, but are decreasing over time.

가압유동층연소로에서 국내무연탄의 황산화물 배출특성

한근희,송용식,류정인,손재익,진경태 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.1

본 연구는 가압유동충연소로에서 국내 무연탄을 연소함에 있어서 SO_2 배출농도에 대하여 고찰하였다. Bench scale PFBC에서 석탁을 연소하는 동안에 탈황제로 식회석을 사용하였으며, 배가스의 배출특성을 조사함에 있어서 SO_2의 제어에 주안점을 두었다. 석탁은 강원도 태백지역에서 채탄된 무연탄이고, 석회석은 강원도 삼척지역에서 얻은 것이다. 실험장치는 층 직경 0.17m, freeboard 직경 0.25m이고, 총 높이가 5m로 이루어졌다. 실험은 운전압력(1-6 atm), 운전온도(850-950℃), 과잉공기(10-30%), Ca/S 몰비(0.8-4.8)의 조건으로 수행하였다. 결과적으로 최대 탈황율을 보인 층(bed)온도는 1, 2 기압일 때 850℃, 4 기압일때 900℃, 6 기압일 때 950℃로 나타났다. 또 탈황율은 모든 실험조건에서 운전압력, Ca/s 몰비, 과잉공기가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 국내무연탄의 가압유동충연소시 안정적인 SO_2의 배출을 위하여 각각의 운전압력에서 적정한 Ca/S 몰비는 2 기압 이하일때 Ca/S≥4.8, 4기압일 때 Ca/S=4.8, 6 기압 이상일때 Ca/S≤4.8를 보였다. This study was to investigate the SO_2 emission with Korean anthracite in a PFBC (Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustor). This work focuses on the control of SO_2, one of the severe air pollutants in flue gas, emission characteristics by injecting sorbent during the combustion of coal in a bench scale PFBC. The coal and limestone used in this work were Taeback anthracite and Samchuck limestone, respectively, in Korea. The effects of operation parameters such as pressure (1-6 atm), bed temperature (850-950℃), excess air ratio(10-30%), and Ca/S mole(0.8-4.8) on desulfurization was investigated in PFBC(0.17m of bed diamether, 0.25m of freeboard diameter and 5.0m height). The bed temperature showing maximum sulfur capture increased from 850℃ at 1 and 2 atm. to 950℃ at 6 atm. with 10% of excess air ratio. Sulfur capture increased as excess air ratio increased at all experimental condition. Both the sulfur capture and the temperature showing maximum sulfur capture increased as operation pressure increased. It was recognized that Ca/S mole ratio higher than 4.8 was needed below 2 atm. and lower Ca/S mole ratio than 4.8 was needed at 4 and 6 atm. for the stable SO_2 emission in combustion of Korean anthracite.

질트리코모나스(Trichomonas vaginalis)에 대한 백혈구의 화학주성(Chemotaxis)

李錦子,柳在淑,閔得映,李根泰 연세대학교 의과대학 1984 연세의대논문집 Vol.17 No.1

생물학적 영양염류 제거를 위한 돈사폐수의 반응특성

한동준,류재근,임연택,임재명 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구는 생물학적 영양염류제거에 있어 돈사폐수의 반응특성을 고찰하기 위하여 수행되었다.반응특성으로는 돈사폐수 욘존 COD의 약 66.1%는 생물학적 분해가 빨리 일어나는 유기물이였으며, 생물학적 분해가 불가능한 용존COD는 약 11~12%였다. 호기성 고정생물막 반응조에서 질소는 탈기 ,질산화, autotrophic,과 heterotrophic미생물의 세포합성으로 제거되었는데, 제거율은 각각 12.1%,68,9%15,0% 그리고 4.0%였다. 돈사폐수 This study was performed to investigate the reaction characteristics of piggery wastewater for biological nutrient removal. The reaction characteristics discussed the fraction of organics the behavior of nitrogen, nitrification, denitrification and the behavior of phosohorus. The fraction of readily soluble COD was 11~12 percent. The ammonia nitrogen was removed via stripping nitrification autotrophic cell synthsis and heterotrophic cell synthesis. The removal percents by each step were 12.1%, 68.9%, 15.0% and 4.0% respectively. Nitrification inhibition of piggery wastewater was found to occur at an in fluent volumetric loading rate over 0.2 NH_(3)-Nkg/㎥/d. Denitrification rates were the highest in the raw wastewater and the lowest in the anaerobic effluent. The denitritation of piggery wastewater came out to be possibe, and the rate of organic carbon consumption deceased about 10 percent The phosphorus removed was released in the form ortho-p in the aerobic fixed biofilm reactor it was caused by autooxidation. The synthesis and release of phosphorus were related to the ORP and the boundary value for the phase change was about 170mV. In the synthesis phase, the phosphorus removal rate per COD removed was 0.023mgP_(ayn)/mgCOD_(rem) The phosphorus contents of the microorganism were 4.3~6.0% on a dry weight basis

폐결핵으로 오인된 SIADH를 동반한 편평상피 세포폐암 1예

김순제,류하근,김선두,이길도,박봉안,류주성,유재등,김인숙,신현준,문언수 대한노인병학회 1999 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.3 No.4