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그룹 이동성을 가지는 무선 네트워크에서 이동 적응적인 라우팅 업데이트 구조
강현제(Hyunjae Kang),임성국(Sunggook Lim),전한얼(HahnEarl Jeon),이재용(Jaiyong Lee),박수범(Soo Bum Park),유영빈(Young Bin You) 한국통신학회 2012 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.37 No.1B
다수의 노드들이 유사한 이동 특성을 보이는 그룹 이동성을 고려하였을 때, 동일 그룹에 속한 노드간의 상대 속도는 작기 때문에 그룹 내 라우팅 업데이트 주기를 길게 설정하여 라우팅 오버헤드를 최소화하는 것이 가능하지만, 수집된 정보의 정확성이 저하되기 때문에 상대 속도가 큰 그룹 간의 패킷 전송 성공률이 감소된다. 그룹 간의 라우팅 오버헤드를 패킷 전송 성공률의 저하 없이 감소시키기 위해 이동 적응적인 라우팅 업데이트 구조가 본 논문에서 제안된다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 각 그룹 단위로 이동성을 예측을 하고 이를 통해 라우팅 업데이트 주기를 유동적으로 조절하여 라우팅 오버헤드를 감소시킨다. 또한 적절한 인접 그룹을 중계(relay) 그룹으로 설정하여, 추후 이동성에 의해 두 그룹간의 직접적인 연결이 단절되더라도 중계 그룹을 통해 통신이 원활이 유지될 수 있도록 지원함으로써 오버헤드가 감소하고 패킷 전송 성공률이 높아지게 된다. With group mobility, minimizing routing overhead among intra-group nodes can be achieved by making longer the routing update period, which may lead to degradation of inter-group’s routing performance and consequently the inter-group packet delivery success ratio will be decreased. To reduce the inter-group routing overhead without lowering the inter-group packet delivery success ratio, a mobility-adaptive routing update(MARU) scheme is proposed in this paper. Main idea of the proposed scheme is group-based mobility prediction and updating Touting paths by selecting intermediate common relay groups.
Determination of Gross-β and γ-Ray Activity Concentrations of Human Tooth
Hyunja Jeong(정현자),Hyun-Kyung Kang(강현경),Sunghwan Kim(김성환) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2014 방사선기술과학 Vol.37 No.4
The γ-ray concentration and gross-β activity by age group were measured in the teeth of males and females of the domestic residents. They were divided into 7 age groups from 10s to the age of 70s. The gross-β activity concentration was measured by using the Tennelec XLB measuring instrument filled with P10 gas (argon 90%, methane 10%). The γ-ray was measured through the γ-ray spectroscopic analytical method by using the high purity germanium (HPGe) radiation detector. The range of gross-β activity con-centration was measured 0.089 to 0.32 Bq/kg in females and 0.13 to 0.26 Bq/kg in males. From the γ-ray spectroscopic analysis of the teeth, the natural radioactive isotopes of 40 K, 208 Tl, 228 Ac and 234 Th were de-tected and their measured γ-ray activity concentrations were found to be 20.7, 21.9, 3.88 and 5.24Bq/kg, respectively. 10세에서 70세까지 국내 남녀를 7개 연령대별 그룹으로 구분한 후, 치아의 감마선 농도와 각 그룹별 전β 방사능 농도를 측정하였다. 전β 농도는 P10가스(아르곤 90%, 메탄 10%)를 충진한 Tennelec XLB 측정기로 측정하였으며, 감마선은 고순도 게르마늄 검출기를 사용하여 감마선분광분석법으로 측정하였다. 본 실험에서 측정된 여성의 전β 방사능 농도범위는 0.089~0.32 Bq/kg이었으며, 남성의 전β 방사능 농도범위는 0.13~0.26 Bq/kg이었다. 치아의 감마선분광분석 결과 자연방사성동위원소인 40K,208Tl,228Ac 및234Th가 검출되었으며, 측정된 감마선 방사선 농도는 각각 20.7, 21.9 3.88 및 5.24 Bq/kg 이었다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 후쿠시마 원 전사고 등 불의의 방사선 누출 사고 등에 대비하여 정상 환경에서의 인체의 치아에 축적된 방사능 준위 데이 터로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사려된다.
Effect of Group Art Therapy on Learned Helplessness and Self-Leadership
Chemi Kang,Hyunjae Cho J-INSTITUTE 2022 Protection Convergence Vol.7 No.1
Purpose: Group art therapy is the introduction of art to group psychotherapy, and the client observes how others in similar situations solve their problems through group activities. In addition, through this, they can give and receive help among themselves and form an organic bond. Group art therapy has the characteristic that art activities help promote emotional expression that has been suppressed in the past, and self-exposure and self-understanding are actively presented in the group. group art therapy helps the subject to have a deep insight into his or her inner self to solve problems and build a positive self-image. As a result of examining the programs related to learned helplessness, efforts on measures to reduce helplessness could be found. By conducting group art therapy on learned helplessness and self-leadership, we tried to change negative perceptions and behaviors and increase positive views through group interactions and successful experiences in the art therapy process to help rational decision-making. As such, the purpose of this study is to provide basic data on a counseling approach that gives a sense of accomplishment and converts negative moti-vation into positive motivation to reduce learned helplessness and improve self-leadership through group art therapy programs. Method: Based on the results of the basic research, major variables and related programs related to the learned helplessness and self-leadership of college students were analyzed through various literature and previ-ous research data and reflected in the preliminary program. A preliminary program was conducted to secure empirical evidence for the revision and improvement of the group art therapy program organized according to the program procedure to understand the acceptance of participants and the effectiveness of the program. It consists of verifying the effectiveness of the group art therapy program for college students. To verify the effectiveness, 10 experimental groups and control groups were formed for students at D University located in Daegu, Gyeong-sangbuk-do, and from April to June 2021, it was conducted twice a week for 100 minutes and a total of 10 sessions. Results: In the experimental group, there was a significant difference in learned helplessness and self-leadership. In the case of learned helplessness sub-factors, it was found that there was a significant effect in sub-factors excluding depression and negative perception. In the sub-factors of self-leadership, significant effects were found after the program. Conclusion: As discussed in this study, it was found that the group art therapy program is effective in reducing learned help-lessness and promoting self-leadership of college students.