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Martens Katleen,De Boeck Ilke,Jokicevic Katarina,Kiekens Filip,Farré Ricard,Vanderveken Olivier M.,Seys Sven F.,Lebeer Sarah,Hellings Peter W.,Steelant Brecht 대한천식알레르기학회 2021 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.13 No.4
Purpose A defective epithelial barrier has been demonstrated in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Lactobacilli are shown to restore epithelial barrier defects in gastrointestinal disorders, but their effect on the airway epithelial barrier is unknown. In this study, hence, we evaluated whether the nasopharyngeal isolates Lacticaseibacillus casei AMBR2 and Latilactobacillus sakei AMBR8 could restore nasal epithelial barrier integrity in CRSwNP. Methods Ex vivo trans-epithelial tissue resistance and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa (FD4) permeability of nasal mucosal explants were measured. The relative abundance of lactobacilli in the maxillary sinus of CRSwNP patients was analyzed by amplicon sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The effect of spray-dried L. casei AMBR2 and L. sakei AMBR8 on epithelial integrity was investigated in vitro in primary nasal epithelial cells (pNECs) from healthy controls and patients with CRSwNP as well as in vivo in a murine model of interleukin (IL)-4 induced barrier dysfunction. The activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was explored in vitro by using polyclonal antibodies. Results Patients with CRSwNP had a defective epithelial barrier which positively correlated with the relative abundance of lactobacilli-specific amplicons in the maxillary sinus. L. casei AMBR2, but not L. sakei AMBR8, increased the trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of pNECs from CRSwNP patients in a time-dependent manner. Treatment of epithelial cells with L. casei AMBR2 promoted the tight junction proteins occludin and zonula occludens-1 reorganization. Furthermore, L. casei AMBR2 prevented IL-4-induced nasal permeability in vivo and in vitro. Finally, the beneficial effect of L. casei AMBR2 on nasal epithelial cells in vitro was TLR2-dependent as blocking TLR2 receptors prevented the increase in TEER. Conclusions A defective epithelial barrier in CRSwNP may be associated with a decrease in relative abundance of lactobacilli-specific amplicons. L. casei AMBR2 would restore nasal epithelial integrity and can be a novel therapeutic strategy for CRSwNP.
Katariina Torvinen,Suvi Lehtimäki,Janne T. Keränen,Jenni Sievänen,Jari Vartiainen,Erkki Hellén,Donald Lupo,Sampo Tuukkanen 대한금속·재료학회 2015 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.11 No.6
Pigment-cellulose nanofibril (PCN) composites were manufactured in a pilot line and used as a separator-substrate in printed graphene and carbon nanotube supercapacitors. The composites consisted typically of 80% pigment and 20% cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). This composition makes them a cost-effective alternative as a substrate for printed electronics at high temperatures that only very special plastic films can nowadays stand. The properties of these substrates can be varied within a relatively large range by the selection of raw materials and their relative proportions. A semiindustrial scale pilot line was successfully used to produce smooth, flexible, and nanoporous composites, and their performance was tested in a double functional separator-substrate element in supercapacitors. The nanostructural carbon films printed on the composite worked simultaneously as high surface area active electrodes and current collectors. Low-cost supercapacitors made from environmentally friendly materials have significant potential for use in flexible, wearable, and disposable low-end products.
C. FERNÁNDEZ,D. F. LLORCA,M. A. SOTELO,I. G. DAZA,A. M. HELLÍN,S. ÁLVAREZ 한국자동차공학회 2013 International journal of automotive technology Vol.14 No.1
This paper describes a real-time vision-based blind spot warning system that has been specially designed for motorcycles detection in both daytime and nighttime conditions. Motorcycles are fast moving and small vehicles that frequently remain unseen to other drivers, mainly in the blind-spot area. In fact, although in recent years the number of fatal accidents has decreased overall, motorcycle accidents have increased by 20%. The risks are primarily linked to the inner characteristics of this mode of travel: motorcycles are fast moving vehicles, light, unstable and fragile. These features make the motorcycle detection problem a difficult but challenging task to be solved from the computer vision point of view. In this paper we present a daytime and nighttime vision-based motorcycle and car detection system in the blind spot area using a single camera installed on the side mirror. On the one hand, daytime vehicle detection is carried out using optical flow features and Support Vector Machine-based (SVM) classification. On the other hand, nighttime vehicle detection is based on head lights detection. The proposed system warns the driver about the presence of vehicles in the blind area, including information about the position and the type of vehicle. Extensive experiments have been carried out in 172 minutes of sequences recorded in real traffic scenarios in both daytime and nighttime conditions, in the context of the Valencia MotoGP Grand Prix 2009.
Semilattice polymorphisms and chordal graphs
Hell, P.,Siggers, M. Academic Press 2014 European journal of combinatorics : Journal europ& Vol.36 No.-
We investigate the class of reflexive graphs that admit semilattice polymorphisms, and in doing so, give an algebraic characterisation of chordal graphs. In particular, we show that a graph G is chordal if and only if it has a semilattice polymorphism such that G is a subgraph of the comparability graph of the semilattice. Further, we find a new characterisation of the leafage of a chordal graph in terms of the width of the semilattice polymorphisms it admits. Finally, we introduce obstructions to various types of semilattice polymorphisms, and in doing so, show that the class of reflexive graphs admitting semilattice polymorphisms is not a variety. These are, to our knowledge, the first structural results on graphs with semilattice polymorphisms, beyond the conservative realm.
Lena Hell,Kristina Lurger,Lisa-Marie Mauracher,Ella Grilz,Christina Maria Reumiller,Georg Johannes Schmidt,Huriye Ercan,Silvia Koder,Alice Assinger,José Basilio,Johanna Gebhart,Cihan Ay,Ingrid Pabinge 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are at high risk of developing venous and arterial thromboembolism (TE). The role of platelets in the pathogenesis of these prothrombotic conditions is not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to gain mechanistic insights into the role of platelets in APS by comparing the platelet proteome between lupus anticoagulant (LA)-positive patients with (LA+TE+) and without a history of TE (LA+TE−) and healthy controls. The platelet proteome of 47 patients with LA, 31 with a history of TE and 16 without thrombotic history, and 47 healthy controls was analyzed by two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify disease-related proteins. Afterward, selected LA-related platelet proteins were validated by western blot and ELISA. Alterations of 25 proteins were observed between the study groups. STRING pathway analysis showed that LArelated protein profiles were involved in platelet activation, aggregation, and degranulation. For example, protein disulfide isomerase family members, enzymes that promote thrombosis, were upregulated in platelets and plasma of LA+TE+patients. Leukocyte elastase inhibitor (SERPINB1), an antagonist of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, was decreased in platelets of LA+TE+patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, citrullinated histone H3, a NET-specific marker, was increased in plasma of LA+TE+patients. These findings suggest that decreased platelet SERPINB1 levels favor prothrombotic NETosis, especially in LA+TE+patients. Our findings reveal protein abundance changes connected to altered platelet function in LA-positive patients, thus suggesting a pathogenic role of platelets in thrombotic complications in APS.
MAKET EFFICIENCY IN A SMALL INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY: THE CASE OF DENMARK
David M. Reeb,Helle L. Lf}nroth,Chuck C. Y. Kwok 사람과세계경영학회 1998 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.3 No.2
This article examines the informational efficiency of the Copenhagen Stock Exchange (CSE) in Denmark. Following Famas(l970) three levels ofmarket efficiency, efficiency tests are applied to the CSE daily stock return datafrom January 1985 to March 1994. Besides the traditional random walk andfilter rule tests, a more recent methodology ofexpected utility test is applied to test the weakform efficiency. In testing semi-strongform efficiency, the focus is on how fast new information is incorporated in security prices. Finally, the strong form test investigates if security analysts in Denmark possess private information that may lead to excess profits. The results do not suggest that the CSE is any less efficient than the larger stock markets in the world.
Triplet-relaxation microscopy with bunched pulsed excitation
Donnert, Gerald,Eggeling, Christian,Hell, Stefan W. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.4
Obtaining high signal levels in fluorescence microscopy is usually spoiled by the concomitant population of the dark (triplet) state of the marker, which is often followed by photobleaching. Recently, we introduced the triplet relaxation (T-Rex) modality in fluorescence microscopy which led to a major increase in total signal and dye photostability. The idea behind T-Rex is to avoid the illumination of fluorophores in the triplet state, e.g. by using pulsed excitation with interpulse time distances that are long enough for the triplet state to relax between two pulses. While our previous implementation came at the expense of extended recording, here we investigate pulsed excitation patterns for T-Rex illumination implying shorter total recording times. In particular, we balance signal enhancement and imaging speed by exciting with bunches of quickly succeeding pulses that are separated by dark periods for triplet relaxation. Taking the green fluorescent protein and the organic dye Atto532 as examples, we observe the dependence of photobleaching and total fluorescence gain on the number of pulses within a bunch. Reaching almost T-Rex conditions this excitation scheme mimics fast scanning of the illumination beam and has the potential to improve a whole range of analytical tools that suffer from photobleaching and low signal levels.
MARKET EFFICIENCY IN A SMALL INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY: THE CASE OF DENMARK
David M Reeb,Helle L Lønroth,Chuck C Y Kwok People&Global Business Association 1998 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.3 No.2
This article examines the informational efficiency of the Copenhagen Stock Exchange (CSE) in Denmark. Following Fama's(l970) three levels of market efficiency, efficiency tests are applied to the CSE daily stock return data from January 1985 to March 1994. Besides the traditional random walk and filter rule tests, a more recent methodology of expected utility test is applied to test the weak form efficiency. In testing semi-strong form efficiency, the focus is on how fast new information is incorporated in security prices. Finally, the strong form test investigates if security analysts in Denmark possess private information that may lead to excess profits. The results do not suggest that the CSE is any less efficient than the larger stock markets in the world.