Identification and Characterization of EDT1 Conferring Drought Tolerance in Rice

Tao Wu,Mingxing Zhang,Hongjia Zhang,Kai Huang,Mojun Chen,Chen Chen,Xue Yang,Zhao Li,Haoyuan Chen,Zhiming Ma,Xunming Zhang,Wenzhu Jiang,Xinglin Du 한국식물학회 2019 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.62 No.1

Basic Leucine Zipper (bZIP) transcription factors(TFs) play important roles in many processes, especially inabiotic stress response in plants. In this study, we characterizeda new gene EHANCED DROUGHT TOLERANCE 1 (EDT1),member of group E of bZIP transcription factor family inrice. The EDT1 protein contains one bZIP domain, oneputative nuclear localization signal (NLS) and six conservedphosphorylation sites. The expression of EDT1 is suppressedby several abiotic stresses, such as cold, droutht, and salt. Corresponding with expression patterns, several stress-associatedcis-acting elements were found in the EDT1 promoter. Theresults of subcellular localization and transactivation abilityanalyses indicated that EDT1 was localized in the nucleusand functioned as a nuclear protein, with its transactivationactivity primarily located in N-terminal. Transgenic riceoverexpressing EDT1 showed drought tolerance that hasbeen significantly improved. Real-time PCR analysis revealedthat some stress-related genes, such as OsbZIP12, SNAC1,OsLEA3, OsbZIP16, OsbZIP10 and OsABI2 were up-regulatedin EDT1 overexpression lines. These results indicate thatEDT1 plays a positive role in drought tolerance and providesvaluable targets for breeding drought-tolerant rice cultivars.

Y-Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Diversity in Chinese Indigenous Horse

Haoyuan Han,Qin Zhang,Kexin Gao,Xiangpeng Yue,Tao Zhang,Rui-Hua Dang,Xianyong Lan,Hong Chen,Chuzhao Lei 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8

In contrast to high genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), equine Y chromosome shows extremely low variability, implying limited patrilines in the domesticated horse. In this study, we applied direct sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods to investigate the polymorphisms of 33 Y chromosome specific loci in 304 Chinese indigenous horses from 13 breeds. Consequently, two Y-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (Y-45701/997 and Y-50869) and one Y-indel (Y-45288) were identified. Of those, the Y-50869 (T>A) revealed the highest variation frequency (24.67%), whereas it was only 3.29% and 1.97% in Y-45288 (T/-) and Y-45701/997 (G>T) locus, respectively. These three mutations accounted for 27.96% of the total samples and identified five Y-SNP haplotypes, demonstrating genetic diversity of Y chromosome in Chinese horses. In addition, all the five Y-SNP haplotypes were shared by different breeds. Among 13 horse breeds analyzed, Balikun horse displayed the highest nucleotide diversity (π = 5.6×10‒4) and haplotype diversity (h = 0.527), while Ningqiang horse showed the lowest nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00000) and haplotype diversity (h = 0.000). The results also revealed that Chinese horses had a different polymorphic pattern of Y chromosome from European and American horses. In conclusion, Chinese horses revealed genetic diversity of Y chromosome, however more efforts should be made to better understand the domestication and paternal origin of Chinese indigenous horses.

CFD study of an iterative focused wave generation method

Haoyuan Gu,Hamn-Ching Chen Techno-Press 2023 Ocean systems engineering Vol.13 No.1

An iterative focused wave generation method is developed and implemented in a local analytic based Navier-Stokes solver. This wave generation method is designed to reproduce the target focused wave by matching the target amplitude spectrum and phase angle. A 4-waves decomposition scheme is utilized to obtain the linearised component of the output wave. A model test studying the interaction between different focused waves and a fixed cylinder is selected as the target for the wave generation approach. The numerical wave elevations and dynamic pressure on the cylinder are compared with the experimental measurement and other state-of-the-art numerical methods' results. The overall results prove that the iterative adjustment method is able to optimize the focused wave generated by a CFD approach.

Y-Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Diversity in Chinese Indigenous Horse

Han, Haoyuan,Zhang, Qin,Gao, Kexin,Yue, Xiangpeng,Zhang, Tao,Dang, Ruihua,Lan, Xianyong,Chen, Hong,Lei, Chuzhao Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8

In contrast to high genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), equine Y chromosome shows extremely low variability, implying limited patrilines in the domesticated horse. In this study, we applied direct sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods to investigate the polymorphisms of 33 Y chromosome specific loci in 304 Chinese indigenous horses from 13 breeds. Consequently, two Y-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (Y-45701/997 and Y-50869) and one Y-indel (Y-45288) were identified. Of those, the Y-50869 (T>A) revealed the highest variation frequency (24.67%), whereas it was only 3.29% and 1.97% in Y-45288 (T/-) and Y-45701/997 (G>T) locus, respectively. These three mutations accounted for 27.96% of the total samples and identified five Y-SNP haplotypes, demonstrating genetic diversity of Y chromosome in Chinese horses. In addition, all the five YSNP haplotypes were shared by different breeds. Among 13 horse breeds analyzed, Balikun horse displayed the highest nucleotide diversity (${\pi}=5.6{\times}10^{-4}$) and haplotype diversity (h = 0.527), while Ningqiang horse showed the lowest nucleotide diversity (${\pi}=0.00000$) and haplotype diversity (h = 0.000). The results also revealed that Chinese horses had a different polymorphic pattern of Y chromosome from European and American horses. In conclusion, Chinese horses revealed genetic diversity of Y chromosome, however more efforts should be made to better understand the domestication and paternal origin of Chinese indigenous horses.

Coupled CFD-FEM simulation of hydrodynamic responses of a CALM buoy

Gu, Haoyuan,Chen, Hamn-Ching,Zhao, Linyue Techno-Press 2019 Ocean systems engineering Vol.9 No.1

In this paper, the Finite-Analytic Navier-Stokes (FANS) code is coupled with an in-house finite-element code to study the dynamic interaction between a floating buoy and its mooring system. Hydrodynamic loads on the buoy are predicted with the FANS module, in which Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is used as the turbulence model. The mooring lines are modeled based on a slender body theory. Their dynamic responses are simulated with a nonlinear finite element module, MOORING3D. The two modules are coupled by transferring the forces and displacements of the buoy and its mooring system at their connections through an interface module. A free-decay model test was used to calibrate the coupled method. In addition, to investigate the capability of the present coupled method, numerical simulations of two degree-of-freedom vortex-induced motion of a CALM buoy in uniform currents were performed. With the study it can be verified that accurate predictions of the motion responses and tension responses of the CALM buoy system can be made with the coupling CFD-FEM method.

Analysis and Design of a Bidirectional High Step-up Active Clamp Flyback Converter for Dielectric Elastomer Actuator

Yang Chen,Yaqi Sun,Mofan Tian,Laili Wang,Haoyuan Jin 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

Dielectric elastomer (DE) is a kind of capacitive material that widely used in soft robots’ applications as actuators. To obtain notable deformation, the drive voltage is typically up to several thousand volts and the charging charges must be removed to make it recover. In this paper, a high step-up capacitive load bi-directional flyback converter with active clamp technique is proposed. For the charging process, the effects of increasing high output voltage and parasitic elements in the circuit on the operation of the active clamp circuit are discussed in detail. Wide bandgap devices are used at the secondary side to reduce the parasitic capacitance. The proposed lossless active clamp circuit can absorb the energy in leakage inductance of transformer and achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) over most of the charging process. Besides, the EMI problem caused by leakage inductance of conventional flyback converter is also solved. A prototype with 12V input and 1000V output has been fabricated and compared with a quasi-resonance flyback (QR flyback) at the same working condition. The tested results verify the good performance of the proposed ACF converter.

Stability of Large-Size and High-Strength Steel Angle Sections Aff ected by Support Constraint

Yun Sun,Yao-Jie Guo,Haoyuan Chen,Ke Cao 한국강구조학회 2021 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.21 No.1

The infl uence of support stiff ness on the eff ective calculated length which plays an essential role in the axial compression stability of steel memeber is always ignored due to the ideal support constraint that is diffi cult to achieve in the test. In this paper, the calculation method of the eff ective length factor was put forward by the mechanical model of the axially compressed member. The supports rotation stiff ness of large-size and high-strength steel angle sections (LHS) under the test condition were measured, and the eff ective length of each specimen was modifi ed. And 36 LHS members were tested under axial load. Then the stability responses for LHS members were studied using fi nite element analysis considering more section profi les and the wide range slenderness ratios. Moreover, the buckling strengths were compared with the current design codes. The results show that the support constraint has a signifi cant infl uence on the bearing capacity of the LHS member. Considering the infl uence of support restraint, when the slenderness ratio is small, the stability factor is higher than the column curve in current codes; when the slenderness ratio is large, b-curves in both GB50017-2017 and Eurocode 3 are conservative, whereas other codes are marginally unsafe. Finally, a new column curve was proposed to predict LHS members’ capacity more accurately.