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Hypoallergenic and Physicochemical Properties of the A2 β-Casein Fraction of Goat Milk
Tae-Hwan Jung,Hyo-Jeong Hwang,Sung-Seob Yun,Won-Jae Lee,Jin-Wook Kim,Ji-Yun Ahn,Woo-Min Jeon,Kyoung-Sik Han2.6* 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6
Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 β-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 β-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at 25°C). Selective reduction of β- lactoglobulin and αs-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 β-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 β-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 β-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 β-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 β-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 β-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.
Han, Myoung-Sik,Han, Im-Ho,Lee, Dahae,An, Jun Min,Kim, Su-Nam,Shin, Myoung-Sook,Yamabe, Noriko,Hwang, Gwi Seo,Yoo, Hye Hyun,Choi, Suk-Jung,Kang, Ki Sung,Jang, Hyuk-Jai The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2
Background: Nephrotoxicity is a common side effect of medications. Panax ginseng is one of the best-known herbal medicines, and its individual constituents enhance renal function. Identification of its efficacy and mechanisms of action against drug-induced nephrotoxicity, as well as the specific constituents mediating this effect, have recently emerged as an interesting research area focusing on the kidney protective efficacy of P. ginseng. Methods: The present study investigated the kidney protective effect of fermented black ginseng (FBG) and its active component ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 against cisplatin (chemotherapy drug)-induced damage in pig kidney (LLC-PK1) cells. It focused on assessing the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases as important mechanistic elements in kidney protection. Results: The reduced cell viability induced by cisplatin was significantly recovered with FBG extract and ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 dose-dependently. The cisplatin-induced elevated protein levels of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p53, and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased after cotreatment with FBG extract or ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3. The elevated percentage of apoptotic LLC-PK1 cells induced by cisplatin treatment was significantly abrogated by cotreatment with FBG and the ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3. Conclusion: FBG and its major ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3, ameliorated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in LLC-PK1 cells by blocking the JNKep53ecaspase-3 signaling cascade.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of Cudrania tricuspidata
Han Xiang Hua,Hong Seong Su,Hwang Ji Sang,Jeong Seon Hwa,Hwang Ji Hye,Lee Min Hee,Lee Myung Koo,Lee Dongho,Ro Jai Seup,Hwang Bang Yeon The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.12
A methylene chloride soluble fraction of the fruits of Cudrania tricuspidata significantly inhibited the mouse brain monoamine oxidase (MAO). Three known prenylated isoflavones were isolated and identified by activity-guided fractionation. Gancaonin A (1), 4'-O-methylalpinumisoflavone (2), and alpinumisoflavone (3) inhibited MAO activity in a concentration-dependent manner with $IC_{50}$ values of 19.4, 23.9, and 25.8 $\mu$M, respectively. Of these, gancaonin A (1) showed a selective and potent inhibitory effect against MAO-B ($IC_{50}$ 0.8 $\mu$M) than MAO-A ($IC_{50}$ >800 $\mu$M). The kinetic analysis using Lineweaver-Burk plots indicated that gancaonin A (1) competitively inhibited MAO-B.
Han-Kyu Chi,Moon-Sang Hwang,Byoung-Joo Yoo,Won-Jun Choe,Tae-Ho Kim,문용삼,정덕균 대한전자공학회 2011 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.11 No.2
This paper describes a reset-free delaylocked loop (DLL) for a memory controller application, with the aid of a hysteresis coarse lock detector. The coarse lock loop in the proposed DLL adjusts the delay between input and output clock within the pull-in range of the main loop phase detector. In addition, it monitors the main loop’s lock status by dividing the input clock and counting its multiphase edges. Moreover, by using hysteresis, it controls the coarse lock range, thus reduces jitter. The proposed DLL neither suffers from harmonic lock and stuck problems nor needs an external reset or start-up signal. In a 0.13-μm CMOS process, postlayout simulation demonstrates that, even with a switching supply noise, the peak-to-peak jitter is less than 30 ps over the operating range of 500-1200 MHz. It occupies 0.04 mm^2 and dissipates 16.6 mW at 1.2GHz.
Sung Soo Kim,Hwang Kyung Kim,Hanju Kim,Woo Tak Lee,이은성,Kyung Taek Oh,Han-Gon Choi,윤유석 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.2
Albumin nanoparticles have become an attractivecancer nanomedicine platform due to their pharmaceuticaladvantages. Recently, photothermal therapy has beenextensively applied to cancer treatment due to heat-inducedtumor ablation. Herein, we fabricated albumin nanoparticles(HSA-NPs) loaded with paclitaxel (PTX), indocyanine green(ICG; a hyperthermal agent) and hyaluronidase (HAase) thatbreaks down hyaluronan, a major component of the extracellularmatrix (ECM) in tumors. Synthesis was based on aslightly modifi ed nanoparticle albumin-bound (Nab™) technique. The prepared nanoparticles (PTX/ICG/HAase-HSANPs)had a spherical shape with an average size of ~ 110 nmand a zeta potential of ~ -30.4 mV. They displayed good colloidalstability and typical patterns of ICG, HSA and HAasein UV–VIS–NIR and circular dichroism spectroscopic analysis. PTX/ICG/HAase-HSA-NPs were found to have excellenthyperthermal eff ects in response to near-infrared laserirradiation (808 nm) (up to > 50 °C over 4 min). The hyperthermiaconducted by PTX/ICG/HAase-HSA-NPs resultedin signifi cant cytotoxicity to pancreatic AsPC-1 cells atboth severe (> 50 °C) and mild (41–42 °C) hyperthermal states in conjunction with the inherent cytotoxic activity ofpaclitaxel. Furthermore, the confocal images of AsPC-1 cellspheroids proved PTX/ICG/HAase-HSA-NPs were able topermeate deeply into the three-dimensional tumor tissuemimicry structure. Most of all, PTX/ICG/HAase-HSANPsmaintained all these physicochemical and anti-cancerproperties irrespective of the amount of embedded HAase(1–5 mg). Our results demonstrated that PTX/ICG/HAase-HSA-NPs are a promising hyperthermal/chemotherapeuticanticancer agent.
Highly Tunable Charge Transport in Layer-by-Layer Assembled Graphene Transistors
Hwang, Hyunmin,Joo, Piljae,Kang, Moon Sung,Ahn, Gukmoon,Han, Joong Tark,Kim, Byeong-Su,Cho, Jeong Ho American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.3
<P>We demonstrate a controlled, systematic method to tune the charge transport in graphene field-effect transistors based on alternating layer-by-layer assembly of positively and negatively charged graphene oxide followed by thermal reduction. Surprisingly, tuning the number of bilayers of thermally reduced graphene oxide multilayer films allowed achieving either ambipolar or unipolar (both n- and p-type) transport In graphene transistors. On the basis of X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and temperature-dependent charge transport measurements, we found that nitrogen atoms from the functional groups of positively charged graphene oxide are incorporated Into the reduced graphene oxide films and substitute carbon atoms during the thermal reduction. This nitrogen-doping process occurs in different degrees for graphene multilayers with varying numbers of bilayers and thereby results in the interesting transition in the electrical behavior In graphene multilayer transistors. We believe that such a versatile method to control the charge transport in graphene muttilayers will further promote their applications in solution-processable electronic devices based on graphene.</P>
Hwang, Jeong-sook,Choi, Deok-gyun,Choi, Sung-chul,Park, Han-san,Park, Yong-mok,Bae, Jeong-jin,Choo, Yeon-sik The Ecological Society of Korea 2016 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.39 No.1
We conducted the study on the relationship between the distribution of coastal sand dune plants and edaphic factors from the shoreline to inland in sand dune ecosystem. The application of TWINSPAN classification based on 10 species, led to the recognition of three vegetative groups (A-C), which associated with their habitats (foredune, hummuck in semistable zone and stable zone). The associations were separated along soil gradient far from the seashore. The relationships between species composition and environmental gradients were explained by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Distance from the shoreline was an important indicator to determine soil properties (pH, total ion contents, sand particle sizes, organic matters and nitrogen contents) from the seaward area to inland area and distribution pattern of coastal sand dune plants. Group A is foredune zone, characterized by Calystegia soldanella; group included typical foredune species such as Elymus mollis, Carex kobomugi, Ixeris repens, C. soldanella and Glehnia littoralis. Group B on semi-stabilized zone was characterized by Vitex rotundifolia, a perennial woody shrub. This group was associated the proportion of fine sand size (100 to 250 μm). The results on the proportion of soil particle size showed a transition in sand composition, particularly with respect to the proportion of fine sand size that occurred from the foredune ridge at 32.5 m to the Vitex rotundifolia community at 57.5 m from the shoreline. Group C on stabilized zone was characterized by Zoysia macrostachya, Lathyrus japonicus and Cynodon dactylon and were associated soil organic matter and nitrogen contents. The spatial distribution of plants in the Goraebul coastal sand dune system may result from the interactions between the plant species and environmental heterogeneity.