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신장 ; 혈액투석 환자에서 중심동맥 경직도와 대동맥 석회화의 연관성
정안덕 ( An Doc Jung ),김창성 ( Chang Seong Kim ),최준석 ( Joon Seok Choi ),배은희 ( Eun Hui Bae ),김계훈 ( Kye Hun Kim ),안영근 ( Young Keun Ahn ),김수완 ( Soo Wan Kim ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.81 No.2
목적: 만성 신질환 환자에서 심혈관 질환은 주요 사망원인으로 전통적인 위험인자뿐만 아니라 비전통적인 위험인자인 대동맥 경화증, 혈관 석회화와도 연관되어 있을 것으로 생각된다. 그리고 이 위험인자는 측정방법에 따라 각 상관관계에 차이가 있었다. 혈액투석 환자군에서 맥파속도와 석회화 측정을 통해 각각의 상관관계 및 기여인자를 확인하고자 단면연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 2009년 1월부터 10월까지 관상동맥 조영술에서 협착이 관찰되지 않고 정상 크레아티닌 범위를 보이며 고혈압치료 중인 환자를 고혈압군으로, 6개월 이상 유지 혈액투석 중인 자를 투석군으로 하였다. 각 군의 심혈관, 동반 질환 여부, 약제 복용력 등을 조사하였고 자동 파형 분석기를 통해 맥파속도를 투석 환자에서 non-contrast CT를 이용하여 혈관 석회화 여부를 측정하였다. 결과: 투석군에서 고혈압군에 비해 평균연령이 54.0±13.7세로 낮았고 여성이 더 많았으며 흡연자가 27.9%로 적었음에도 동반 질환은 제 2형 당뇨병이 42.6%로 많고 수축기 혈압(145.3±27.7 vs. 123.3±17.5 mmHg, p<0.05) 및 맥압(59.3±19.4 vs. 50.7±12.3 mmHg, p<0.01)이 더 높았다. 투석군에서 hfPWV (11.3±3.20 vs. 9.72±2.16 m/s, p <0.01), baPWV (17.76±4.79 vs. 13.80±2.95 m/s, p<0.01)로 모두 증가되었다. 또한 투석군의 73.6%에서 석회화가 동반되었으며 최고 HU는 평균 387.4±295.2 HU였고, 2.69±2.43개의 석회화가 관찰되었다. 분절에 따른 동맥 경직도 및 혈관 석회화와 각 요인들간의 단변량 회귀분석에서 hf가 좋은 상관관계를 보였으며 연령(r=0.613, p<0.01), 맥압(r=0.540, p<0.01), 혈관 석회화의 HU 값(r=0.483, p<0.01), 성별(r=0.354, p<0.05), 당뇨유무(r=0.331, p<0.05) 순으로 양의 상관관계를 보여주었다. 최고 HU 정도에 따른 혈관 석회화는 맥압(r=0.483, p<0.01), 연령(r=0.392, p<0.01) 이외에 투석기간(r=0.389,p<0.05)과도 상관관계가 있었으나 성별(r=0.230, p=NS)및 당뇨여부(r=-0.052, p=NS)에서는 관계를 보여주지 못했다. 맥파속도는 연령이 많고, 당뇨, 남성에서, 맥압이 높을수록(β=0.454, p<0.001, β=0.250, p<0.05, β=0.239,p<0.05, β=0.217, p<0.05) 혈관 석회화 정도는 맥압, 투석기간, 연령(β=0.401, p<0.001, β=0.390, p<0.05, β=0.282,p<0.05) 순으로 기여도가 높았다. 결론: 투석 환자에서 혈관경직도 증가의 위험인자로 고령, 당뇨, 남성 및 높은 맥압이 관여하며, 혈관 석회화의 위험인자는 고령, 투석기간 및 높은 맥압이 연관되어 있었다. 당뇨를 동반한 투석군에서 비당뇨군에 비교하여 혈관경직도가 증가되었다. Background/Aims: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease. It may berelated to nontraditional risk factors such as arterial stiffness (AS) and vascular calcification (VC). AS, as evaluated by pulse wavevelocity (PWV), has been established to be an independent predictor of CV mortality. This study investigated the relationship between AS and VC, and contributing risk factors in patients with hypertension undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Methods: Cross-sectional data are reported on 65 patients with hypertension and 61 patients undergoing HD. PWV, abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans, and serum markers of mineral metabolism were measured. Results: Mean heart-femoral (hf) PWV and brachial-ankle (ba) PWV were higher in the HD group than in the hypertensive group.In a univariate linear regression analysis, hfPWV was positively correlated with age (r=0.613, p<0.01), pulse pressure (r=0.540,p<0.01), highest aortic VC (HU) (r=0.483, p<0.01), gender (r=0.354, p<0.05), and diabetes (r=0.331, p<0.05). Aortic VC was also positively correlated with pulse pressure (r=0.483, p<0.01), age (r=0.392, p<0.01), and dialysis duration (r=0.389, p<0.05). In a multivariate regression analysis, old age, diabetes, male gender, high pulse pressure, and dialysis duration weresignificantly associated with PWV in that order, whereas high pulse pressure, dialysis duration, and age were significant factors for aortic VC. Arterial stiffness was more prevalent and advanced in the diabetic HD group than that in the nondiabetic HD group. Conclusions: A high prevalence of arterial stiffness was noted in patients undergoing HD, which was closely related with old age, diabetes, male gender, and high pulse pressure. Patients with diabetes undergoing HD may be at risk for vascular stiffness. (Korean J Med 2011;81:215-222)
Kim In-Doc,Ahn Mi-Hyun,Hur Tae-Young,Son Dong-Soo,Hong Moon-Pyo,Seok Ho-Bong 한국발생생물학회 2003 한국발생생물학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2003 No.1
The aims of this study are 1) to test oocytes and embryos collected from in-vivo and in-vitro to achieving the valuable protocol by culturing, vitrifying and thawing of oocytes/embryos, and 2) to transfer them to recipient, and finally have resulted in pregnancies from recipient females after surgical or nonsurgical transfer. In vitro maturation and fertilization were performed according to the procedures of Funahashi et al. Fertilized oocytes were cultured in glucose-free NCSU 23 supplemented with 5 mM sodium pyruvate, 0.5 mM sodium lactate and 4 mg/ml bovine serum albumin for 2 days at 39, and 10% fetal bovine serum was added to the culture medium thereafter. Embryos were treated with 7.5g/ml cytochalasin-B for 30 min, centrifuged at 13,000 g for 13 min and then exposed sequentially to an ethylene glycol (EG) vitrification solution, aspirated into OPSs, and plunged/thawed into/from liquid nitrogen. In vivo embryos were surgically collected from three donors after Al. Forty-six embryos (18, 9 and 19 embryos, respectively) were washed 3 times in mPBS+10%FBS, followed treatments : cultured, centrifuged, vitrified, recovered and transferred to recipients as in vitro prepared embryos. Three recipients received surgically 34(control), 188 and 184 embryos (derived from abattoir), respectively. Another three recipients were received nonsurgically 150, 100 and 150 embryos, respectively. All recipient sows exhibited delayed returns to estrus. To our knowledge, these results suggest that required an improved techniques, more vigorous embryos preparation and cleaner uterous condition(use gilt).
하이브리드 로켓 추진장치 연소 열원을 이용한 절단기초실험
유덕근(Doc-Koon Yoo),김수종(Soo-Jong Kim),김진손(Jin-Kon Kim),구자예(Ja-Ye Koo),문희장(Hee-Jang Moon),이보영(Bo-Young Lee),길성망(Seong-Mahn Kil),오재영(Jae Young Oh),국태송(Tae-Seung Kuk) 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.11
The purpose of this study is to ascertain the ability of New type cutter using Hybrid Rocket Propulsion System<br/> to cut normal carbon steel and also compound metal like stainless steel which cannot be cut by regular<br/> oxygen-acetylene cutter. To compare cutting performance, Two different types of experiment with<br/> oxygen-acetylene and Hybrid Combustion cutters were performed.<br/> As a result, Hybrid Combustion cutter is used to cut both carbon steel and stainless steel with cutting speed of<br/> 400mm/min(carbon steel) and 250mm/min(stainless steel). Otherwise, oxygen- acetylene cutter can be used to cut<br/> only carbon steel with cutting speed of 500 ~ 700mm/min. The possibility of Hybrid Combustion cutter as a<br/> cutting machine was confirmed.