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Dharman Dhakshanamoorthy,Radhakrishnan Selvaraj,Alagappan Chidambaram 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.3
Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) has been employed in a number of genotoxic studies in plants as a model alkylated agent that readily reacts with DNA-producing alkylated nucleotides. Therefore, the present study was aimed at assessing DNA polymorphism induced by different concentrations (control, 1, 2, 3, and 4%) of EMS through a Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)marker analysis. The improved agronomic traits such as germination, flowering, maturity, seed traits, and oil content were recorded in 1% EMS-treated plants, while the corresponding parameters reduced significantly (P > 0.05) in 4% EMS-treated plants as compared to the control. Among 25 random primers used, 19 primers produced polymorphic bands. The number of amplicons varied from 1 to 8 with an average of 3.68 bands, of which 2.12 were polymorphic. The highest polymorphic bands (6) and percentage of polymorphism (85.71) were produced by the primer OPAK-20. In a dendrogram constructed based on Jaccard’s coefficient similarity,the treated plants and control were grouped into three clusters: (a) control and 2 and 3% concentrations of EMS-treated plants merged together; (b) 1% concentration of EMS-treated plants clustered alone; (c) 4%concentration of EMS-treated plants also clustered alone. We conclude that the effect of EMS could change the pattern of germination, flowering, seed yield, and oil content of J. curcas. DNA polymorphism detected by RAPD marker analysis offered a useful biomarker assay for the evaluation of effects of chemical mutagens Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) has been employed in a number of genotoxic studies in plants as a model alkylated agent that readily reacts with DNA-producing alkylated nucleotides. Therefore, the present study was aimed at assessing DNA polymorphism induced by different concentrations (control, 1, 2, 3, and 4%) of EMS through a Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)marker analysis. The improved agronomic traits such as germination, flowering, maturity, seed traits, and oil content were recorded in 1% EMS-treated plants, while the corresponding parameters reduced significantly (P > 0.05) in 4% EMS-treated plants as compared to the control. Among 25 random primers used, 19 primers produced polymorphic bands. The number of amplicons varied from 1 to 8 with an average of 3.68 bands, of which 2.12 were polymorphic. The highest polymorphic bands (6) and percentage of polymorphism (85.71) were produced by the primer OPAK-20. In a dendrogram constructed based on Jaccard’s coefficient similarity,the treated plants and control were grouped into three clusters: (a) control and 2 and 3% concentrations of EMS-treated plants merged together; (b) 1% concentration of EMS-treated plants clustered alone; (c) 4%concentration of EMS-treated plants also clustered alone. We conclude that the effect of EMS could change the pattern of germination, flowering, seed yield, and oil content of J. curcas. DNA polymorphism detected by RAPD marker analysis offered a useful biomarker assay for the evaluation of effects of chemical mutagens
Dharman, Manju Mamparambath,Yu, Jeong-In,Ahn, Ji-Yeon,Park, Dae-Won Royal Society of Chemistry 2009 GREEN CHEMISTRY Vol.11 No.11
<P>A double metal cyanide complex, an efficient catalyst for the copolymerization of CO<SUB>2</SUB> with epoxide, was successfully utilized for the cycloaddition of CO<SUB>2</SUB> to various epoxides in the presence of quaternary ammonium salts without any solvents.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A new catalyst system comprising a double metal cyanide complex with quaternary ammonium salts is derived for the cycloaddition of CO<SUB>2</SUB> to epoxide. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b916875n'> </P>
Dharman, Manju Mamparambath,Ahn, Ji-Yeon,Lee, Mi-Kyung,Shim, Hye-Lim,Kim, Kyung-Hoon,Kim, Il,Park, Dae-Won Royal Society of Chemistry 2008 GREEN CHEMISTRY Vol.10 No.6
<P>Zn<SUB>3</SUB>[Co(CN)<SUB>6</SUB>] based double metal cyanide complexes are currently used as catalysts for both the ring-opening polymerization of epoxides and the copolymerization of epoxides and CO<SUB>2</SUB>. This paper reports an environmentally friendly route for the copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) with CO<SUB>2</SUB> using microwave irradiation. The reaction occurred over a faster reaction time (2–30 min) and a much lower pressure (9.7 bar) than conventional methodologies giving a high molecular weight (19.3 kg mol<SUP>−1</SUP>) polycarbonate with a higher level of CO<SUB>2</SUB> incorporation (<I>f</I><SUB>CO<SUB>2</SUB></SUB> = 75%). The catalysts were prepared from an aqueous solution of ZnX<SUB>2</SUB> and K<SUB>3</SUB>[Co(CN)<SUB>6</SUB>] using <I>tert</I>-butanol and polyethers as complexing agents. All the catalysts were characterized by elemental analysis, ICP-OES, XRD, XPS and IR spectroscopy. The catalysts were found to be highly selective for the copolymer with a high TOF (TOF = 25 177 h<SUP>−1</SUP>) values. Unlike conventional synthesis, there was no induction period noticed for the catalyst to initiate copolymerization. The high reactivity and excellent properties of the copolymer might be due to the higher activation of CHO by microwaves due to its high polarizability and higher dielectric constant.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A double metal cyanide complex catalyzed rapid process for the effective utilization of CO<SUB>2</SUB> by the copolymerization with cyclohexene oxide is established through microwave irradiation. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b801132j'> </P>
Dhakshanamoorthy, Dharman,Selvaraj, Radhakrishnan,Chidambaram, Alagappan 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.3
Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) has been employed in a number of genotoxic studies in plants as a model alkylated agent that readily reacts with DNA-producing alkylated nucleotides. Therefore, the present study was aimed at assessing DNA polymorphism induced by different concentrations (control, 1, 2, 3, and 4%) of EMS through a Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker analysis. The improved agronomic traits such as germination, flowering, maturity, seed traits, and oil content were recorded in 1% EMS-treated plants, while the corresponding parameters reduced significantly (P > 0.05) in 4% EMS-treated plants as compared to the control. Among 25 random primers used, 19 primers produced polymorphic bands. The number of amplicons varied from 1 to 8 with an average of 3.68 bands, of which 2.12 were polymorphic. The highest polymorphic bands (6) and percentage of polymorphism (85.71) were produced by the primer OPAK-20. In a dendrogram constructed based on Jaccard's coefficient similarity, the treated plants and control were grouped into three clusters: (a) control and 2 and 3% concentrations of EMS-treated plants merged together; (b) 1% concentration of EMS-treated plants clustered alone; (c) 4%concentration of EMS-treated plants also clustered alone. We conclude that the effect of EMS could change the pattern of germination, flowering, seed yield, and oil content of J. curcas. DNA polymorphism detected by RAPD marker analysis offered a useful biomarker assay for the evaluation of effects of chemical mutagens.
Samikannu Prabu,Ranjith Kumar Dharman,Kung-Yuh Chiang,Tae Hwan Oh 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.125 No.-
The development of highly efficient catalysts towards ammonia decomposition is a promising strategyfor COx-free hydrogen production. Herein, we synthesized an active catalyst using Ni nanoparticles(NPs) dispersed on MgO and N-doped carbon nanofiber (NCFs) (Ni/MgO@NCFs) catalyst by pyrolysis followedby hydrothermal method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analyses studied the crystal formationof the heterostructure, and HR-TEM results revealed that Ni NPs with 4.5 nm in size wereuniformly embedded in the NCFs. As a result, the optimum Ni@MgO-NCFs (10 wt.%) exhibit superior catalyticperformance and excellent stability activity for 60 h at 300 C and 450 C. This work promises toexplore Ni@MgO-NCFs catalyst as a new kind of effective catalyst for ammonia decomposition and toenhance the catalytic activity by controlling the metal-support interaction of the catalysts.
Hye-Young Ju,Mamparambath-Dharman Manju,Kyung-Hoon Kim,박상욱,박대원 한국공업화학회 2008 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.14 No.2
The synthesis of cyclic carbonate from butyl glycidyl ether (BGE) and carbon dioxide was performed in the presence of quaternary ammonium salt catalysts. Quaternary ammonium salts of different alkyl group (C₃, C₄, C6 and C8) and anions (Cl-, Br-, and I-) were used for this reaction carried out in a batch autoclave reactor at 60–120℃. The catalytic activity increased with increasing alkyl chain length in the order of C₃ < C₄ < C6. But, the quaternary ammonium salt with longer alkyl chain length (C8) decreased the conversion of BGE because it is too bulky to form an intermediate with BGE. For the counter anion of the tetrabutyl ammonium salt catalysts, the BGE conversion decreased in the order Cl- > Br- > I-. The effects of carbon dioxide pressure and reaction temperature on this reaction were also studied to better understand the reaction mechanism.
박대원,Hye-Young Ju,Mamparambath Dharman Manju,Kyung-Hoon Kim,박상욱 한국화학공학회 2007 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.24 No.5
with methanol was investigated by using imidazolium salt ionic liquid catalysts. 1-alkyl-3-methyl imidazolium saltsof different alkyl group (C2, C4, C6, C8) and anions (Cl, Br,BF4, PF6) were used for catalysts. The reaction was carriedout in an autoclave at 140-180oC under carbon dioxide pressure of 1.48-5.61 MPa. The imidazolium salts of shorteras CO2 pressure and reaction temperature increased. Kinetic studies were also performed to better understand the reac-tion mechanism.
박대원,Mi-Kyung Lee,Hye-Lim Shim,Manju Mamparambath Dharman,Kyung-Hoon Kim,박상욱 한국화학공학회 2008 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.25 No.5
A silica-supported ionic liquid (Im-IL) was proven to be an effective heterogeneous catalyst for solventless synthesis of cyclic carbonate from allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) and carbon dioxide. Im-IL catalysts were prepared by sol-gel method. The synthesis of cyclic carbonate from AGE and CO2 was carried out in a batch autoclave reactor. Im-IL with shorter alkyl chain length showed the highest conversion of AGE, probably due to the steric hindrance for the formation of intermediate from the catalyst prepared by using longer alkyl chains and AGE. High temperature and high pressure were favorable for the conversion of AGE. Im-IL can be reused for the reaction up to two consecutive runs without any considerable loss of its catalytic activity.