Minor and major circRNAs in virus and host genomes

Lou Zhihao,Zhou Rui,Su Yinghua,Liu Chun,Wenting Ruan,전체옥,Xiao Han,Chun Lin,BAOLEI JIA 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.3

As a special type of noncoding RNA, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are prevalent in many organisms. They can serve as sponges for microRNAs and protein scaffolds, or templates for protein translation, making them linked to cellular homeostasis and disease progression. In recent years, circRNAs have been found to be abnormally expressed during the processes of viral infection and pathogenesis, and can help a virus escape the immune response of a host. Thus, they are now considered to play important functions in the invasion and development of viruses. Moreover, the potential application of circRNAs as biomarkers of viral infection or candidates for therapeutic targeting deserves consideration. This review summarizes circRNAs in the transcriptome, including their classification, production, functions, and value as biomarkers. This review paper also describes research progress on circRNAs in viral infection (mainly hepatitis B virus, HIV, and some human herpes viruses) and aims to provide new ideas for antiviral therapies targeting circRNAs.

Effects of Radiation Dose on the Plant Regeneraion via Embryogenesis of Banana (Musa AAA)

Chun-xiang Xu,Houbin Chen,Jun Lou 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Hybrid-Fiber-Reinforced Composite Boards Made of Recycled Aramid Fibers: Preparation and Puncture Properties

Yu-Chun Chuang,Limin Bao,Ching-Wen Lou,Jia-Horng Lin 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.2

Protective textiles require massive consumption of fibers and fabrics, which is responsible for diverse highstrength fabric waste. Wrongly arranged disposal of textile waste is equivalent to the waste valuable resource while causing environmental pollutions. Aramid selvages are worthwhile recycling and used in this study. They are scattered into Aramidstaple fibers and mixed with low melting point polyester (LMPET) fibers to form the Aramid matrices employing the nonwoven process. The matrices are added to different combinations to form Aramid composite matrices and hybrid-fiberreinforced composite boards. The process of shearing, crowding, and friction helps improve the mechanical properties of the composite boards according to the evaluations of conducted tests. With the premise of minimum damage to the fibers, this study uses recycled Aramid waste to produce composite boards that have features of high performance and low productioncost. As a test result, the hybrid-fiber-reinforced composite boards with 90 wt% of recycled Aramid fibers have the optimal mechanical property and static puncture resistance.

探析商周奴隶关联古文字的造字理据与文化意蕴

루택원(Lou, Ze-Yuan)(楼,泽,园,),이춘영(Lee, Chun-Young)(李春永) 대한중국학회 2021 중국학 Vol.75 No.-

奴隶的人身、权利与生产生活资料属于奴隶主,是奴隶主的私有财产,从事生产与劳动,其生杀予夺之权尽归于奴隶主。奴隶在中国商周时期的社会记录中占据重要的篇幅,在当时主要的书写载体——甲骨中刻写了很多关于奴隶的字。通过观察这些字的字形可以了解其造意及其蕴含的文化含义。本文选取的尾、隶、奚、仆羌五个字,从其甲骨或金文字形的构造出发,通过商周时期奴隶的异族着装特征、奴隶的外族属性、奴隶的捕获方法与途径、奴隶的刑罚以及古时特有的奴隶的人牲人祭的角度分析了其各自所含有的文化意蕴。在本文的分析中,“尾”由原始部落图腾崇拜演变为代表奴隶身份重要的服装特征;“隶”蕴含着奴隶制度下奴隶不堪重压不断逃亡的反抗史;“奚”与商周时期异族奴隶迥异于华夏民族的辫发习俗有关;透过“仆”的构造可以窥见商周奴隶遭受的刑罚;“羌”字则最为鲜明地表现了奴隶制度的血腥和奴隶无法拥有自主人权的本质特征。 China was a slave society in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. There are many words about slaves in the existing oracle bone inscriptions.By observing the form of these characters, we can understand their meanings and the cultural meanings contained in them. This paper selects five characters: wei, li, xi, pu and qiang,and analyzes the structure of its oracle bone inscriptions or bronze inscriptions.This paper analyzes the cultural implication of the slaves in the Shang and Zhou dynasties from the characteristics of the slaves foreign clothing, the characteristics of the slaves foreign nationality, the methods and ways of the slaves‘ capture, the punishment of the slaves and the unique human sacrifice of the slaves. In the analysis of this paper, “Wei” has evolved from the totem worship of primitive tribes to an important costume feature representing the identity of slaves. “Li” contains the history of the slave‘s resistance to escape under the pressure of slavery. “Xi” is related to the custom of braiding hair of slaves of different nationalities in Shang and Zhou dynasties. Through the structure of “Xi”, we can see the punishment of slaves in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. “Qiang” is the most obvious expression of the bloody slavery system and slaves can not have the essential characteristics of human rights.

韓國朝鮮時代刻本異體字探微——以《鶴峰集》爲例

樓澤園(LOU ZEYUAN),李春永(LEE CHUN YOUNG) 동아인문학회 2022 동아인문학 Vol.58 No.-

In the Joseon Dynasty, printing technology made great progress. Korean literati and officials were keen on writing books, and their written works were compiled and printed by themselves or their disciples and descendants. The Korean Literary Collections in Classical Chinese (한국 문집 총간), compiled by the Institute of Classical Translation of Korea, is a collection of anthologies written by many writers of the Joseon Dynasty. In the middle and late Period of Korea, a large number of Korean literary anthologies began to emerge, in which there are a large number of variant characters worth studying. In particular, these different characters can show the characteristics of foreign spread and local change of Chinese characters in the Joseon Dynasty. In this paper, the representative anthology Hakbongjip is selected as the research object. After determining the definition of heteromorphic characters in this paper as “characters with identical and interchangeable meanings that can all be used in the same word”, Select the “遡”, “飜”, “摠”, “脣”, “椀”, “覩”, “筭”, “鰌”, “ ”, “窻”, “?”, “?”, “㗳”, “疎”, “?” a total of 15 words.According to Wang Ning"s theory of Chinese character structure classification, and according to the heterogeneous characters and heteronyms of the large classification, and then detailed classification. Based on the research materials of Korean ancient variant characters and Chinese dictionaries and phonology books, this paper explores the similarities and differences between variant characters and common characters. Combined with other literary anthologies in the middle and late Period of the Joseon Dynasty, this paper investigates the use of the anthologies in the official and civilian editions of the Joseon Dynasty. The official inscription takes the characters in The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty as the standard, and the folk inscription takes the characters in other literary anthology of the middle and late Joseon dynasty as the comparison object, so as to make a comparison of the variant characters in Hakbongjip. Through research, the heteromorphic characters of Hakbongjip have three characteristics: quaint, unique and popular.

Colonization study of gfp-tagged Achromobacter marplatensis strain in sugar beet

YingWu Shi,Chun Li,HongMei Yang,Tao Zhang,Yan Gao,Min Chu,Jun Zeng,Qing Lin,OuTiKuEr,YuGuo Li,Xiangdong Huo,Kai Lou 한국미생물학회 2017 The journal of microbiology Vol.55 No.4

This study details the introduction of a gfp marker into anendophytic bacterial strain (Achromobacter marplatensisstrain 17, isolated from sugar beet) to monitor its colonizationof sugar beet (Beta. vulgaris L.). Stability of the plasmidencoding the gfp was confirmed in vitro for at least 72 h ofbacterial growth and after the colonization of tissues, undernonselective conditions. The colonization was observed usingfluorescence microscopy and enumeration of culturableendophytes in inoculated sugar beet plants that grew for 10or 20 days. gfp-Expressing strains were re-isolated from theinner tissues of surface-sterilized roots and stems of inoculatedplants, and the survival of the Achromobacter marplatensis17:gfp strain in plants 20 days after inoculation, evenin the absence of selective pressure, suggests that it is goodcolonizer. These results also suggest that this strain could bea useful tool for the delivery of enzymes or other proteinsinto plants. In addition, the study highlights that sugar beetplants can be used effectively for detailed in vitro studies onthe interactions between A. marplatensis strain 17 and its host,particularly if a gfp-tagged strain of the pathogen is used.

Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Chinese with Type 2 Diabetes

Qing-Lin Lou,Xiao-Jun Ouyang,Liu-Bao Gu,Yong-Zhen Mo,Ronald Ma,Jennifer Nan,Alice Kong,Wing-Yee So,Gary Ko,Juliana Chan,Chun-Chung Chow,Rong-Wen Bian 대한당뇨병학회 2012 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.36 No.6

Background: To determine the frequency of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its associated risk factors in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Nanjing, China, in the period between January 2008 and December 2009. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes under the care by Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China were invited for assessment. CKD was defined as the presence of albuminuria or estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Albuminuria was defined as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. Results: We recruited 1,521 urban Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age, 63.9±12.0 years). The frequency of CKD and albuminuria was 31.0% and 28.9%, respectively. After adjusted by age and sex, hypertension, anemia and duration of diabetes were significantly associated with CKD with odds ratio (95% confidence interval) being 1.93 (1.28 to 2.93), 1.70 (1.09 to 2.64), and 1.03 (1.00 to 1.06), respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, CKD was common in the urban Nanjing Chinese with type 2 diabetes. Strategies to prevent or delay progression of kidney disease in diabetes should be carried out at the early disease course of type 2 diabetes.

Shielding-benefit Evaluation of Electromagnetic Radiation and UV Radiation for Multifunctional Composite Polypropylene Woven Fabrics

Ting An Lin,Yu-Chun Chuang,Jan-Yi Lin,Mei-Chen Lin,Ching-Wen Lou,Keng Siang Sim,Jia-Horng Lin 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.10

People have increasingly rising health consciousness in recent years and researchers are thus devoted themselvesto develop multi-functional textile products. In this study, stainless steel (SS) filaments are used for electromagnetic shieldingeffectiveness (EMSE) while polypropylene (PP) filaments are used for ultraviolet resistance and good mechanical properties. Spinning and weaving continuous formation techniques are employed to produce wrapped yarns with SS and PP filaments,after which a weaving process is employed for the preparation of SS/PP woven fabrics. The woven fabrics are tested forEMSE and UV resistance, examining the effect of the lamination-layer numbers and lamination-layer angles. Test resultsshow that the optimal EMSE and UV resistance occur when SS/PP woven fabrics are laminated with two layers at 90 °. Notonly focus on the mechanical performance, the proposed woven fabrics with good EMSE, UV resistance, and a light weight,and are good candidate for a variety of application as required. The proposed UV resistance and EMSE woven fabricssignificantly increase the additional values of traditional textiles.

Illumina-based analysis of bacterial diversity related to halophytes Salicornia europaea and Sueada aralocaspica

Ying-wu Shi,Kai Lou,Chun Li,Lei Wang,Zhen-yong Zhao,Shuai Zhao,Chang-yan Tian 한국미생물학회 2015 The journal of microbiology Vol.53 No.10

We used Illumina-based 16S rRNA V3 amplicon pyrosequencing to investigate the community structure of soil bacteria from the rhizosphere surrounding Salicornia europaea, and endophytic bacteria living in Salicornia europaea plants and Sueada aralocaspica seeds growing at the Fukang Desert Ecosystem Observation and Experimental Station (FDEOES) in Xinjiang Province, China, using an Illumina genome analyzer. A total of 89.23 M effective sequences of the 16S rRNA gene V3 region were obtained from the two halophyte species. These sequences revealed a number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the halophytes. There were between 22–2,206 OTUs in the halophyte plant sample, at the 3% cutoff level, and a sequencing depth of 30,000 sequences. We identified 25 different phyla, 39 classes and 141 genera from the resulting 134,435 sequences. The most dominant phylum in all the samples was Proteobacteria (41.61%–99.26%; average, 43.30%). The other large phyla were Firmicutes (0%– 7.19%; average, 1.15%), Bacteroidetes (0%–1.64%; average, 0.44%) and Actinobacteria (0%–0.46%; average, 0.24%). This result suggested that the diversity of bacteria is abundant in the rhizosphere soil, while the diversity of bacteria was poor within Salicornia europaea plant samples. To the extent of our knowledge, this study is the first to characterize and compare the endophytic bacteria found within different halophytic plant species roots using PCR-based Illumina pyrosequencing method.

Co-amplification at Lower Denaturation-temperature PCR Combined with Unlabled-probe High-resolution Melting to Detect KRAS Codon 12 and 13 Mutations in Plasma-circulating DNA of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cases

Wu, Jiong,Zhou, Yan,Zhang, Chun-Yan,Song, Bin-Bin,Wang, Bei-Li,Pan, Bai-Shen,Lou, Wen-Hui,Guo, Wei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.24

Background: The aim of our study was to establish COLD-PCR combined with an unlabeled-probe HRM approach for detecting KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations in plasma-circulating DNA of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) cases as a novel and effective diagnostic technique. Materials and Methods: We tested the sensitivity and specificity of this approach with dilutions of known mutated cell lines. We screened 36 plasma-circulating DNA samples, 24 from the disease control group and 25 of a healthy group, to be subsequently sequenced to confirm mutations. Simultaneously, we tested the specimens using conventional PCR followed by HRM and then used target-DNA cloning and sequencing for verification. The ROC and respective AUC were calculated for KRAS mutations and/or serum CA 19-9. Results: It was found that the sensitivity of Sanger reached 0.5% with COLD-PCR, whereas that obtained after conventional PCR did 20%; that of COLD-PCR based on unlabeled-probe HRM, 0.1%. KRAS mutations were identified in 26 of 36 PA cases (72.2%), while none were detected in the disease control and/or healthy group. KRAS mutations were identified both in 26 PA tissues and plasma samples. The AUC of COLD-PCR based unlabeled probe HRM turned out to be 0.861, which when combined with CA 19-9 increased to 0.934. Conclusions: It was concluded that COLD-PCR with unlabeled-probe HRM can be a sensitive and accurate screening technique to detect KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations in plasma-circulating DNA for diagnosing and treating PA.