Effect of Prior Microstructures on Cementite Dissolution Behavior During Subcritical Annealing of High Carbon Steels

Xiao‑Yu Zhao,Xian‑Ming Zhao,Chun‑Yu Dong,Yang Yang,Huai‑Bin Han 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.6

The variation of the morphology and distribution of cementite particles in different prior structures with spheroidizingannealing process has been proceeded in this paper. It is found that the dissolution and coarsening progresses of variousinitial structures in spheroidizing annealing process are quite asynchronous due to the different interlamellar spacing. Thedissolution rate of degenerated pearlite (D-P) with finer interlamellar spacing is faster. The granular cementite in the spheroidizedmicrostructure is fine, uniform and dense. The mean diameter of spherical cementite is refined to 233 nm. However,the initial structure of degenerated pearlite (D-P) is highly sensitive to the austenitization temperature. The cementite iseasy to be coarsened under high austenitizing temperature. The coarsening is accompanied by the gradual increase of theCr content in the cementite, which increases the stability of the cementite. Therefore, the optimal austenitizing temperaturefor degenerated pearlite (D-P) is suggested to be 770 °C.

중국 한족(汉族) 복식에 나타난 수묵화(⽔墨画)의 표현특성에 대한 연구 -<영影>영화 자료 중심으로-

순샤오동 ( Sun Xiao Dong ),한정민 ( Han Jung Min ),강혜승 ( Kang Hae Seung ) 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.6

중국은 유구한 역사를 지닌 주로 한족으로 구성된 다민족 국가이며, 한족은 전 세계 범위에서 인수가 가장 많은 민족이다. 영화 <영>은 2018년 중국에서 개봉되었고, 등장인물의 한족 복식이 수묵화의 형식으로 표현되어 중국의 전통문화와 복식의 상관관계를 잘 보여준다. 본 연구의 목적은 영화의 주요 등장인물 5명의 한족 복식을 형태, 색채, 문양을 중심으로 분석하고, 이들 복식에 나타난 수묵화의 표현특성을 분석하는 것이다. 연구 방법은 한족 복식, 중국 수묵화, 그리고 한족 복식에 대한 문헌연구를 하며, 연구 범위는 영화 속 등장인물 총 5명의 복식으로 하여 형태, 색채, 문양이 명확하게 표현된 25점의 이미지를 분석 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영화에 나타난 남자 인물의 복식은 전통 한족 복식과 일치하게 나타났으며, 여자 인물의 복식은 전통 한족 복식과 차이점이 있었다. 주요한 차이점은 여자 복식의 깃에 나타났으며, 영화에서는 전통복식에 없는 V령이 착용되어 여자 인물의 강직한 성격을 부각시켰다. 둘째, 영화의 한족 복식에 나타난 수목화의 표현특성은 추상미, 대조미, 의경의 내적 의미를 도출할 수 있었다. 추상미는 수묵화의 문양에서 나타났으며, 대조미는 색채 표현에서, 그리고 의경의 내적의미는 복식 형태와 문양에서 나타났다. 영화 영에서는 한족 복식의 형태, 색채, 문양을 통해 등장인물 개개인의 성격과 심리를 표현하였음을 알 수 있었으며, 수묵화를 활용한 복식디자인을 통해 중국의 전통미를 부각시켰다. 본 연구는 중국 전통 한족 복식 및 수묵화 특성의 이해를 높이고, 중국 전통문화와 복식 디자인 연구에 대한 참고자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. China has a long history and is composed of multi-ethnic groups dominated by Han nationality. Since the Han nationality is known with the largest population in the world, the traditional culture of China has an important position in world cultures simultaneously. There was a film named < Shadow > released in China, 2018, which received authoritative awards in multiple fields including Visual effect, Fine art, Style design, and others. In this film, the characteristics of Chinese Ink Wash Painting can be seen in the pictures of all the lenses as well as characters’ costumes of Han nationality(Han Fu), that connected Chinese traditional cultures with the concept of Fashion design. Thence, we have analyzed on shape, color, and pattern of the Han Fu of five main characters and further discussed the performance characteristics of Chinese brush panting appearing in these costumes. The results of the analysis were shown below. Firstly, by comparison with historical records, we have found the costumes of male characters consistent with the real Chinese classical Han fu, while the situation of females is different. The main difference was from the collars, the V-collar element which does not exist in traditional female Han Fu was applied boldly in this film, which inspired the audiences to understand the role. Secondly, the performance characteristics of Chinese Ink Wash Painting in Han Fu were concentrated on the beauty of abstract and contrast, further reflect the inner meaning of artistic conception. The beauty of abstract and the inner meaning of artistic conception was shown from the pattern of Chinese Ink Wash Painting, while the situation of the beauty of contrast was from colors. This study will be helpful to understand the Chinese traditional Han Fu and Chinese brush painting through the film, and it may be utilized as sources for the connection between Chinese traditional culture and modern fashion design in the future.

Genetic Screening for Mutations in the Chip Gene in Intracranial Aneurysm Patients of Chinese Han Nationality

Su, Li,Zhang, Yuan,Zhang, Chun-Yang,Zhang, An-Long,Mei, Xiao-Long,Zhao, Zhi-Jun,Han, Jian-Guo,Zhao, Li-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

We performed a case-control study to investigate whether SNPs of CHIP might affect the development of IA in Chinese Han nationality. We believe we are the first to have screened IA patients for mutations in the CHIP gene to determine the association with these variants. The study group comprised 224 Chinese Han nationality patients with at least one intracranial aneurysm and 238 unrelated healthy Han nationality controls. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood leukocytes. The entire coding regions of CHIP were genotyped by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing. Differences in genotype and allele frequencies between patients and controls were tested by the chi-square method. Genotype and allele frequencies of the SNP rs116166850 was demonstrated to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant difference in genotype or allele frequencies between case and control groups was detected at the SNP. Our data do not support the hypothesis of a major role for the CHIP gene in IA development in the Chinese Han population.

Species diversity and distribution of the genus Colpomenia (Scytosiphonaceae, Phaeophyceae) along the coast of China

Xiao-Han Song,Zi-Min Hu,Zhong-Min Sun,Stefano G. A. Draisma,Pablo Fresia,De-Lin Duan 한국조류학회I 2019 ALGAE Vol.34 No.3

The marine brown algal genus Colpomenia has a worldwide distribution, with five species reported in Korea and Japan. However, no studies to date attempted to identify the number of species and geographical distribution of Colpomenia along Chinese coast. To fill the biodiversity knowledge gap, we analyzed 63 mitochondrial cox3 and 62 mitochondrial atp6 sequences of Colpomenia specimens collected from 30 localities along the Chinese coast. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference trees suggest the presence of at least three Colpomenia species (i.e., C. peregrina, C. claytoniae, and C. sinuosa) in China. C. peregrina and C. claytoniae are documented for the first time. C. sinuosa was only found in the South China Sea and its distribution didn’t overlap with that of C. peregrina which was found in the Yellow-Bohai Sea and the East China Sea. C. claytoniae appears to be confined to three isolated islands in the East and the South China Sea, where it occurs in sympatry with, respectively, C. peregrina and C. sinuosa. Future study can focus on comparing ecophysiological differences of Colpomenia species in response to environmental variables and exploring possible genetic hybridization / introgression at inter-specific contact zones.

Bacterial and Fungal Diversity in the Starter Production Process of Fen Liquor, a Traditional Chinese Liquor

Xiao-Ran Li,En-Bo Ma,Liang-Zhen Yan,Han Meng,Xiao-Wei Du,Zhe-Xue Quan 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.4

Fermented foods and beverages are important parts of human diet. Fen liquor, a Chinese liquor is a fermented beverage that uses a traditional fermentation process. Starters are the main microbial source and also provide nutrients for microorganisms during fermentation. In this study, starters of Fen liquor were produced through a complex traditional fermentation process. To investigate the community structure and the composition of microorganisms in the starter production process, bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were sequenced using clone libraries and pyrosequencing, respectively. There was much higher diversity among the bacteria than among the fungi in the starter production process. Bacteria on the surface of the starters belonged mostly to the Lactobacillaceae family,while members of the Bacillacae family were dominant in the interior of the samples that lacked access to air and water. In the fungi population, diversity was high only in the raw material. In all other samples, nearly all of the fungal sequences were from Pichia kudriavzevii, a member of the Saccharomycetaceae family. Nearly all samples showed similar fungal community structures, indicating that there was little change in the fungal community. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to reveal the whole process of the starter production of Chinese traditional liquor. The findings obtained in this study provide new insights into understanding the composition of the microbial community during the traditional Chinese liquor starter production process and information about the production process control and monitoring.

Prognostic Significance of Beclin-1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer: a Meta-analysis

Han, Ye,Xue, Xiao-Feng,Shen, Hu-Gang,Guo, Xiao-Bo,Wang, Xu,Yuan, Bin,Guo, Xing-Po,Kuang, Yu-Ting,Zhi, Qiao-Ming,Zhao, Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11

Objective: Beclin-1 has recently been observed as an essential marker of autophagy in several cancers. However, the prognostic role of Beclin-1 in colorectal neoplasia remains controversial. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential association between Beclin-1 expression and the outcome of colorectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods: All related studies were systematically searched in Pubmed, Embase, Springer and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases (CNKI), and then a meta-analysis was performed to determine the association of Beclin-1 expression with clinical outcomes. Finally, a total of 6 articles were included in our analysis. Results: Our data showed that high Beclin-1 expression in patients with CRC was associated with poor prognosis in terms of tumor distant metastasis (OR=2.090, 95%CI=1.061-4.119, p=0.033) and overall survival (RR=1.422, 95%CI=1.032-1.959, p=0.031). However, we did not found any correlation between Beclin-1 over-expression and tumor differentiation (OR=1.711, 95%CI=0.920-3.183, p=0.090). In addition, there was no evidence of publication bias as suggested by Egger's tests for tumor distant metastasis (p=1.000), differentiation (p=1.000) and OS (p=0.308). Conclusions: Our present meta-analysis indicated that elevated Beclin-1 expression iss associated with tumor metastasis and a poor prognosis in patients with CRC. Beclin-1 might serve as an efficient prognostic indicator in CRC, and could be a new molecular target in CRC therapy.

Identification and evolutionary history of the DD41D transposons in insects

Xiao-Gu Zhang,Hua-Hao Zhang,Yi-Hong Shen,Xiao-Min Xiong,Min-Jin Han 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.2

The rosa monophyletic group of transposons is a group of transposable element with characteristics of encoding a DD41D motif in the catalytic domain. However, biology and evolutionary history of this monophyletic group are still poorly understood. In this study, we report the first description for the presence of a rosa transposon in the silkworm Bombyx mori. Further analyses confirmed that this element in the silkworm genome had recently amplified and might still be capable of transposition. In addition, we present evidence, based on searches of publicly available insect genomes, that a new clade of the rosa monophyletic group was identified. Interestingly, analysis of their three dimensional structures suggested that these proteins showed highly similar protein structures with that of the Mos1 transposase. These results provided useful insights into the functionality of these transposases and their structural and functional deviations from other transposases in the Tc1/mariner superfamily. Meanwhile, sequence and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that DD41D and maT elements might represent another independent large group of the Tc1/mariner superfamily. Importantly, the result of the comparison of terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) validated that DD41D and maT elements almost had identical consensus terminal sequences (50-CAGGGTGNS NCA-30), implying they might have similar cleavage sites or patterns during the process of their transposition. In a word, this study will enrich and expand our knowledge of the Tc1/mariner superfamily.

Upregulated N6-Methyladenosine RNA in Peripheral Blood: Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Breast Cancer

Han Xiao,Xiaobo Fan,Rui Zhang,Guoqiu Wu 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.2

Purpose An effective biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) and benign breast diseases (BBD) is crucial for improving the prognosis. We investigated whether N6-methyladenosine (m6A) can be a diagnostic biomarker of BC.Materials and Methods We detected the contents of peripheral blood m6A in 62 patients with BC, 41 patients with BBD, and 41 normal controls (NCs) using the colorimetric method. The relative expression of the m6A regulated genes methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) and fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results m6A in peripheral blood RNA was significantly higher in patients with BC than that in patients with BBD (p < 0.001) or the NCs (p < 0.001). m6A was closely associated with the disease stage (from stage 0 to stage I-IV, p=0.003). The receiver operating characteristic curve of m6A contained an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.887 in BC, which was greater than that of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153). The combination of m6A, CEA, and CA153 improved the AUC to 0.914. The upregulated and downregulated mRNA expression of METTL14 and FTO, respectively, might contribute to the increase of m6A in patients with BC. m6A combined with METTL14 and FTO improved the AUC to 0.929 with a specificity of 97.4% in the peripheral blood of patients with BC.Conclusion The peripheral blood RNA of m6A might be a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis of BC.

Finite-time and Fixed-time Bipartite Consensus Tracking for Second-order Multi-agent Systems via an Integral Sliding-mode Approach

Xiao-Feng Zhao,Tao Han,Bo Xiao,Xi-Sheng Zhan,Huaicheng Yan 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.12

This paper investigates the finite-time and fixed-time bipartite consensus tracking (Fin- and Fix-TBCT) problems for second-order multi-agent systems (MASs) under a signed directed communication network, in which both cooperative and competition exist. To achieve bipartite consensus tracking (BCT) within finite time and fixed time, two novel distributed control protocols utilizing integral sliding-mode control concept are presented and discussed, respectively. By virtue of Lyapunov stability and homogeneity with dilation, several sufficient conditions for achieving Fin- and Fix-TBCT for second-order MASs are obtained. Eventually, numerical simulation results are provided to verify the validity of the obtained theoretical results.

Intradural Transpetrosectomy for Petrous Apex Meningiomas

Han, Shuo,Zhang, Xiao-Hua,Han, Dong-Hua,Jin, Yi-Chao The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2019 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.62 No.5

Objective : This study aimed to assess the surgical results of the intradural transpetrosectomy for petrous apex meningiomas (PAMs). In addition, we describe the methods and techniques used to expose and manage superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve. Methods : The authors conducted a retrospective study of 16 patients with PAMs operated by the senior author via the intradural transpetrosectomy between February 2012 to May 2017. We reviewed patient data regarding the general characteristics, surgical technique and surgery-related outcomes and adopted a combined follow-up strategy of clinic and telephone contacts to evaluate postoperative complications. Results : Simpson grade I and II resection was performed in 10 out of 16 cases (62.5%), and grade III resection were reported in the remaining six cases (37.5%) with no resultant mortality. The mean Karnofsky Performance Status score was 85.6 preoperatively and improved to 91.9 postoperatively, with a mean follow-up period of 34.4 months (range, 6-66 months). Tumor recurrence was found in two patients and they underwent the second surgical operation. Conclusion : PAMs could be completely resected by the intradural transpetrosectomy with an improved survival rate and postoperative life quality. Superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve should be managed properly in avoidance of postoperative complications. Finally, most meningioma inside cavernous sinus or adhered to brainstem could be totally removed without postoperative complications.