Changes in Markers of Liver Function in HCV 1b Patients with Compensated Cirrhosis Treated with Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/ Ritonavir plus Dasabuvir with Ribavirin

( Jeong Heo ),( Yan Luo ),( Wan-long Chuang ),( Jidong Jia ),( Kwang-hyub Han ),( Ming-lung Yu ),( Hong Tang ),( Young-suk Lim ),( Cheng-yuan Peng ),( Min Xu ),( Maorong Wang ),( Bo Fu ),( Niloufar Mo 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Patients chronically infected with HCV are at risk of developing extrahepatic manifestations of HCV as well as progressing to compensated or decompensated cirrhosis and HCC. Although current treatments have high rates of SVR, relatively little is known about possible regression of liver fibrosis after achieving an SVR. The ONYX-II trial examined the efficacy and safety of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus dasabuvir + ribavirin (RBV) in Asian patients with HCV genotype 1b infection and compensated cirrhosis. Here we report changes in key markers of liver fibrosis and function. Methods: Patients with chronic HCV GT1b infection and compensated cirrhosis were enrolled in China, South Korea and Taiwan and received 12 weeks of OBV/PTV/r (25 mg/150 mg/100 mg once daily) and DSV (250 mg twice daily) with weight-based RBV. The primary objective of ONYX-II was to assess efficacy (SVR12) and safety of the regimen. Changes in markers of liver fibrosis and function between baseline (BL) and post-treatment week (PTW) 12 are presented. Results: Overall, 104 patients were enrolled and treated in ONYX-II. All patients (104/104, 100%) achieved SVR12. BL and PTW12 data for FibroTest score, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, albumin, platelet count and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) are shown in Table 1. All selected parameters showed numerical improvements between BL and PTW12. Mean ALT and AST levels returned to within normal range and FibroTest scores demonstrated a numerical improvement, suggesting improvement in liver status. The complete set of data between BL and PTW12 will be presented for these parameters and other liver composite parameters at the conference. Conclusions: Measurement of key liver function markers during the ONYX-II trial showed a numerical improvement within 12 weeks of completion of treatment in HCV GT1b-infected patients with compensated cirrhosis. Further follow-up of these patients will determine the long-term durability of these changes.

Recycle of Crop Residues in Fields through Fermentation

Cheng-Long Yan,Xue-Feng Hu,Ming-Yang Cao,Hui-Hui Dai,Fan Luo 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Bus voltage control of residential PV-HESS-grids using multimodal simplification

Long Cheng,Baoshun Yang,Chao Yang,Yan Hong 전력전자학회 2024 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.24 No.1

This paper presents a residential power system that mainly includes photovoltaic (PV) panels, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS), a grid, and converters. The multimodal operation caused by the large number of states for each of the units increases the complexity of the system operation. It is difficult to adjust the operation state in the face of emergencies. A multimodal simplification method is proposed to simplify multimodal operation into three dominant modes (PV, HESS, and load) according to an energy management flowchart. A novel control strategy is proposed to realize the internal power distribution of the HESS, as well as the power allocation between the HESS and a single-phase full-bridge converter (SFC), while smoothing the double fluctuation of the bus voltage caused by the SFC. The effectiveness of the proposed multimodal simplification and control strategy is verified through the simulation and experimental results from a PV-HESS-grid.

Neutropenia during the First Cycle of Induction Chemotherapy Is Prognostic for Poor Survival in Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Real-World Study in an Endemic Area

Cheng Xu,Shi-Ping Yang,Yuan Zhang,Ling-Long Tang,Guan-Qun Zhou,Xu Liu,Yan-Ping Mao,Rui Guo,Wen-Fei Li,Lei Chen,Ai-Hua Lin,Ying Sun,Jun Ma 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.3

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neutropenia during the first cycle of induction chemotherapy (IC-1) on survival in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC). Materials and Methods Eligible patients (n=545) with LANPC receiving IC+concurrent chemoradiotherapy were included. Based on nadir neutrophil after IC-1, all patients were categorized into three groups: no/grade 1-2/grade 3-4 neutropenia. Five-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between groups and subgroups stratified by IC regimen. We also explored the occurrence of IC-1–induced myelosuppression events and the minimal value of post-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (post-NLRmin). Univariate/multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the effect of IC-1–induced neutropenia, timing of neutropenia, number of myelosuppression events, and high post-NLRmin on OS/DFS. Results Grade 1-2/grade 3-4 neutropenia were associated with poorer OS/DFS than no neutropenia (all p < 0.05); OS/DFS were not significantly different between patients experiencing grade 1-2 vs. 3-4 neutropenia. Neutropenia had no significant effect on OS/DFS in patients receiving docetaxel–cisplatin–5-fluorouracil (TPF). Grade 1-2 (grade 3-4) neutropenia negatively influenced OS/DFS in patients receiving cisplatin–5-fluorouracil (PF) (PF and docetaxel– cisplatin [TP]; all p < 0.05). Neutropenia, two/three myelosuppression events, and high post-NLRmin ( 1.33) was most frequent on days 5-10, second and third week of IC-1, respectively. After adjustment for covariates, IC-1–induced neutropenia, two/three myelosuppression events, and post-NLRmin  1.33 were validated as negative predictors of OS/DFS (all p < 0.05); timing of neutropenia had no significant effect. Conclusion Occurrence of neutropenia, number of myelosuppression events, and high post-NLRmin during PF/TP IC-1 have prognostic value for poor survival in LANPC.

Panax ginseng and its ginsenosides: potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced side effects

Yan Wan,Jing Wang,Jin-feng Xu,Fei Tang,Lu Chen,Yu-zhu Tan,Chao-long Rao,Hui Ao,Cheng Peng 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.6

Chemotherapy-induced side effects affect the quality of life and efficacy of treatment of cancer patients. Current approaches for treating the side effects of chemotherapy are poorly effective and may causenumerous harmful side effects. Therefore, developing new and effective drugs derived from natural nontoxiccompounds for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced side effects is necessary. Experimentsin vivo and in vitro indicate that Panax ginseng (PG) and its ginsenosides are undoubtedly non-toxic andeffective options for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced side effects, such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity,cardiotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and hematopoietic inhibition. The mechanism focus on antioxidation,anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis, as well as the modulation of signaling pathways, suchas nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), P62/keap1/Nrf2, c-jun Nterminalkinase (JNK)/P53/caspase 3, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signalregulatedkinases (ERK), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4)/JNK, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT. Since a systemic review of the effect and mechanism of PG and its ginsenosides onchemotherapy-induced side effects has not yet been published, we provide a comprehensive summarizationwith this aim and shed light on the future research of PG.

Factors Potentially Associated with Chemotherapy-induced Anemia in Patients with Solid Cancers

Cheng, Ke,Zhao, Feng,Gao, Feng,Dong, Hang,Men, Hai-Tao,Chen, Ye,Li, Long-Hao,Ge, Jun,Tang, Jie,Ding, Jing,Chen, Xin,Du, Yang,Luo, Wu-Xia,Liu, Ji-Yan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) is one of the most important causes of anemia in cancer patients. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characteristics of CIA in solid cancer patients in the Chinese population, and to explore the relationship of white blood cell (WBC) or platelet decrease with CIA. Methods: Data on age, gender, tumor diagnosis, anti-cancer treatment and blood cell analyses were available from 220 untreated non-anemic cancer patients who received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy, and the data were analyzed to assess their relationship with CIA or its severity. Results: 139 patients (63.2%) presented anemia, most being Grade 1 or 2. Esophageal and lung cancers were associated with a high prevalence. G3/4 leucopenia and decrease of platelets were identified as independent risk factors for the occurrence of CIA. Moreover, G3/4 leucopenia, decrease of platelet and G3/4 thrombocytopenia were found to be also associated with the severity of CIA. Cisplatin-containing regimens were a main potential factor in causing CIA, although significant association was only found on univariate analysis. Conclusion: Anemia or decrease in hematoglobin are common in Chinese cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cisplatin-containing regimens might be an important factor influencing the occurrence of CIA. Our analysis firstly described some risk factors, such as decrease of platelets or WBCs, severity of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia, associated with the occurrence and severity of CIA.

Impact of Hepatoprotective Medications on the Safety and Efficacy of OBV/PTV/r plus DSV ± Ribavirin in HCV GT1b-infected Asian Patients

( Wan-long Chuang ),( Yan Luo ),( Jeong Heo ),( Gui-qing Wang ),( Ming-lung Yu ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Qing Xie ),( Cheng-yuan Peng ),( Mingxiang Zhang ),( Yan Huang ),( Wenjing Lu ),( Linda M. Fredrick 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Hepatoprotective medications (HPMs) are commonly used in patients with chronic liver disease, especially across Asia. The phase 3 ONYX-I and ONYX-II studies evaluated the safety and efficacy of the 3-DAA regimen of ombitasvir and paritaprevir/ritonavir (OBV/PTV/r) plus dasabuvir (DSV) ± ribavirin (RBV) in an exclusively HCV GT1b-infected Asian population. This post-hoc analysis evaluated the impact of HPM use in patients treated with OBV/PTV/r + DSV ± RBV in these studies. Methods: ONYX-I and ONYX-II enrolled patients in China, South Korea and Taiwan. SVR12, treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs), and alanine transaminase (ALT) normalization, as well as mean changes in ALT over time were assessed in patients using vs not using HPMs. HPM use defined as all medications administered during any treatment period. Results: Overall, 11% (36/325) of non-cirrhotic and 57% (59/104) of cirrhotic patients were receiving HPMs, with ursodeoxycholic acid being the most commonly used in both non-cirrhotic (5.2% [17/325]) and cirrhotic (14.4% [15/104]) patients. SVR12 rates were high (99.7- 100%) in both non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic patients irrespective of HPM use. The regimen was generally well tolerated, with low rates of SAEs and AEs leading to treatment discontinuation (Table). Of patients with ALT above normal at baseline (BL), 100% vs 95% of non-cirrhotic and 98% vs 89% of cirrhotic patients using or not using HPMs, respectively, had normal ALT values at end of treatment (EOT). Mean ALT levels during treatment declined rapidly and similarly with and without HPM use; mean changes from BL to EOT were -38.8 and -37.0 U/L, respectively, in non-cirrhotic and -54.2 and -66.6 U/L, respectively, in cirrhotic patients. Conclusions: OBV/PTV/r + DSV ± RBV achieved high SVR12 and was generally well tolerated regardless of HPM use. HPM use had no impact on the safety profile of OBV/PTV/r + DSV therapy in Asian HCV infected subjects.

Experimental investigation on the behaviour of UHPC-steel composite slabs under hogging moment

Xiao-Long Gao,Jun-Yan Wang,Chen Bian,Ru-Cheng Xiao,Biao Ma 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.42 No.6

Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) can be used in the UHPC-steel composite structures especially for bridge structures to achieve high stiffness and high fatigue resistance with low self-weight. The structural performances of UHPC-steel composite slabs subjected to hogging moment have a significant influence on the global stiffness and durability of UHPC-steel composite structures. In order to study the structural behaviors of non-steam-cured UHPC-steel composite slabs subjected to negative moment, five composite slabs combined the thin UHPC layers to steel plates via shear stud connecters with the diameter of 16mm were fabricated and tested under negative moment. The test program aimed to investigate the effect of stud spacing and longitudinal reinforcement ratios on the failure mode, load-deflection behaviors, cracking patterns, bond-slips, and carrying capacities of composite slabs subjected to negative moment. In addition, direct tensile tests for the dog-bone UHPC specimens with longitudinal reinforcement bars were carried out to study the effect of reinforcement bars on the tensile strength of UHPC in the thin structure members. Based on the experimental results, analytical models were also developed to predict the cracking load and ultimate load of UHPC-steel composite slabs subjected to negative moment.

Heavy concrete shielding properties for carbon therapy

Jin-Long Wang,Jiade J Lu,Da-Jun Ding,Wen-Hua Jiang,Ya-Dong Li,Rui Qiu,Hui Zhang,Xiao-Zhong Wang,Huo-Sheng Ruan,Yan-Bing Teng,Xiao-Guang Wu,Yun Zheng,Zi-Hao Zhao,Kai-Zhong Liao,Huan-Cheng Mai,Xiao-Dong Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.6

As medical facilities are usually built at urban areas, special concrete aggregates and evaluation methods are needed to optimize the design of concrete walls by balancing density, thickness, material composition, cost, and other factors. Carbon treatment rooms require a high radiation shielding requirement, as the neutron yield from carbon therapy is much higher than the neutron yield of protons. In this case study, the maximum carbon energy is 430 MeV/u and the maximum current is 0.27 nA from a hybrid particle therapy system. Hospital or facility construction should consider this requirement to design a special heavy concrete. In this work, magnetite is adopted as the major aggregate. Density is determined mainly by the major aggregate content of magnetite, and a heavy concrete test block was constructed for structural tests. The compressive strength is 35.7 MPa. The density ranges from 3.65 g/cm³ to 4.14 g/cm³, and the iron mass content ranges from 53.78% to 60.38% from the 12 cored sample measurements. It was found that there is a linear relationship between density and iron content, and mixing impurities should be the major reason leading to the nonuniform element and density distribution. The effect of this nonuniformity on radiation shielding properties for a carbon treatment room is investigated by three groups of Monte Carlo simulations. Higher density dominates to reduce shielding thickness. However, a higher content of high-Z elements will weaken the shielding strength, especially at a lower dose rate threshold and vice versa. The weakened side effect of a high iron content on the shielding property is obvious at 2.5 µSv=h. Therefore, we should not blindly pursue high Z content in engineering. If the thickness is constrained to 2 m, then the density can be reduced to 3.3 g/cm³, which will save cost by reducing the magnetite composition with 50.44% iron content. If a higher density of 3.9 g/cm³ with 57.65% iron content is selected for construction, then the thickness of the wall can be reduced to 174.2 cm, which will save space for equipment installation.

Growth, Clonability, and Radiation Resistance of Esophageal Carcinoma-derived Stem-like Cells

Li, Jian-Cheng,Liu, Di,Yang, Yan,Wang, Xiao-Ying,Pan, Ding-Long,Qiu, Zi-Dan,Su, Ying,Pan, Jian-Ji Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Objective: To separate/enrich tumor stem-like cells from the human esophageal carcinoma cell line OE-19 by using serum-free suspension culture and to identify their biological characteristics and radiation resistance. Methods: OE-19 cells were cultivated using adherent and suspension culture methods. The tumor stem-like phenotype of CD44 expression was detected using flow cytometry. We examined growth characteristics, cloning capacity in soft agar, and radiation resistance of 2 groups of cells. Results: Suspended cells in serum-free medium formed spheres that were enriched for CD44 expression. CD44 was expressed in 62.5% of suspended cells, but only in 11.7% of adherent cells. The suspended cells had greater capacity for proliferation and colony formation in soft agar than the adherent cells. When the suspended and adherent cells were irradiated at 5 Gy, 10 Gy, or 15 Gy, the proportion of CD44+ suspended cells strongly and weakly positive for CD44 was 77.8%, 66.5%, 57.5%; and 21.7%, 31.6%, 41.4%, respectively. In contrast, the proportion of CD44+ adherent cells strongly positive for CD44 was 18.9%, 14.%, and 9.95%, respectively. When the irradiation dose was increased to 30 Gy, the survival of the suspended and adherent cells was significantly reduced, and viable CD44+ cells were not detected. Conclusion: Suspended cell spheres generated from OE-19 esophageal carcinoma cells in serum-free stem medium are enriched in tumor stem-like cells. CD44 may be a marker for these cells.