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Bank Regulation and Macroeconomic Fluctuations
Charles Goodhart,Boris Hofmann,Miguel Segoviano 서울대학교 경제연구소 2006 Seoul journal of economics Vol.19 No.1
Over the last two decades, macroeconomic cycles were frequently associated with boom-bust cycles in bank lending and asset prices, often followed by financial instability. In this paper we argue that (i) the new pattern of macroeconomic cycles is partly the result of banking-sector liberalization since the early/mid-1970s, which has increased the procyclicality of the financial system; (ii) the regulation of bank capital in the form of capital adequacy requirements is itself inherently pro cyclical and may therefore amplify business-cycle fluctuations; (iii) the new Basel II Accord may considerably accentuate the procyclicality of the regulatory system.
Charles K. Armstrong 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2004 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.28 No.4
The current tensions between the United States and North Korea represent the latest cycle in a relationship long driven by crisis and mutual hostility. The Bush administration has taken a more hawkish approach to North Korea than its predecessor. But with a military option to resolve the nuclear issue unfeasible and the near-term collapse of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) unlikely, the best way to end the cycle of crises is a negotiated settlement that addresses the security needs of both sides. Only within the context of a more normal U.S.-North Korean relationship can other major issues be resolved, including regional security in Northeast Asia and human rights in the DPRK.
Charles-Ellie Sillam,Sibel Cetik,Thai Hoang Ha,Ramin Atash 대한치과보철학회 2018 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.10 No.4
PURPOSE. Conventional resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) are usually made with a two-retainer design. Unlike conventional RBFPDs, cantilever resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (Cantilever RBFPDs) are, for their part, made with a single-retainer design. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of tooth surface preparation on the bond strength of zirconia cantilever single-retainer RBFPDs. The objective is to evaluate the shear bond strength of these single-retainer RBFPDs bonded on 3 different amount of tooth surface preparation. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty extracted bovine incisors were categorized to 3 groups (n=10), with different amounts of tooth surface preparations. Teeth were restored with single-retainer RBFPDs with different retainer surfaces: large retainer of 32 mm2; medium retainer of 22 mm2; no retainer and only a proximal connecting box of 12 mm2. All RBFPDs were made of zirconia and were bonded using an adhesive system without adhesive capacity. Shear forces were applied to these restorations until debonding. RESULTS. Mean shear bond strength values for the groups I, II, and II were 2.39±0.53 MPa, 3.13±0.69 MPa, and 5.40±0.96 MPa, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using a one-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni post-hoc test, at a significance level of 0.001. Failure modes were observed and showed a 100% adhesive fracture. CONCLUSION. It can be concluded that the preparation of large tooth surface preparation might be irrelevant. For zirconia single-retainer RBFPD, only the preparation of a proximal connecting box seems to be a reliable and minimally invasive approach. The differences are statistically significant.
High Genetic Variability of Schistosoma haematobium in Mali and Nigeria
Charles Ezeh,Mingbo Yin,Hongyan Li,Ting Zhang,Bin Xu,Moussa Sacko,Zheng Feng,Wei Hu 대한기생충학열대의학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.53 No.1
Schistosoma haematobium is one of the most prevalent parasitic flatworms, infecting over 112 million people in Africa. However, little is known about the genetic diversity of natural S. haematobium populations from the human host because of the inaccessible location of adult worms in the host. We used 4 microsatellite loci to genotype individually pooled S. haematobium eggs directly from each patient sampled at 4 endemic locations in Africa. We found that the average allele number of individuals from Mali was significantly higher than that from Nigeria. In addition, no significant difference in allelic composition was detected among the populations within Nigeria; however, the allelic composition was significantly different between Mali and Nigeria populations. This study demonstrated a high level of genetic variability of S. haematobium in the populations from Mali and Nigeria, the 2 major African endemic countries, suggesting that geographical population differentiation may occur in the regions.
A self-configuration middleware for smart spaces
Charles Gouin-Vallerand,Bessam Abdulrazak,Sylvain Giroux,Mounir Mokhtari 보안공학연구지원센터 2009 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.3 No.1
The self-configuration process can simplify the complexity and reduce the cost of the management and deployment of devices, applications and services in smart spaces. Mechanisms inspired from the Autonomic Computing and Pervasive Computing can be used to automate management of the heterogeneous space's component. In this paper, we present our work on Autonomic Pervasive Computing and mainly the self-configuration process. We also introduce our self-configuration middleware that is deployed at DOMUS Laboratory.