Effects of alkali-borosilicate glass additions on the microstructure and dielectric properties of Ba0.88(Nd1.40Bi0.42La0.30)Ti₄O12

Chang-Lun Liao,Kuan-Hong Lin,Shun-Tian Lin 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2008 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.9 No.6

The microstructures and dielectric properties of Ba0.88(Nd1.40Bi0.42La0.30)Ti4O12/ alkali-borosilicate glass composites were investigated in this study, with the volume percentage of the glass phase in the composite being either 50, 55, or 60 vol.%. Sintered density measurements indicated that the density increased with an increase in the sintering temperature for the composites with 50 and 55 vol.% glass additions, but, at a sintering temperature higher than 800 oC, the density decreased for the composite with a 60 vol.% glass addition. XRD patterns revealed that the peak of the highest intensity in the B(NBL)T crystal belongs to the (401) crystal plane, while that in the B(NBL)T/glass composites to the (320) crystal plane. Along with the change in crystalline preferred orientation, the lattice constants of the crystal also changed. SEM micrographs indicated that the B(NBL)T phase developed into columnar grains at sintering temperatures higher than 1260 oC. Moreover, when glass was added, the grain morphology changed, especially at sintering temperatures higher than 850 oC. When sintered at 950 oC for 2 hours, the composite with 55 vol.% glass yielded the highest dielectric constant (εr= 23.2), the lowest dielectric loss (tanδ = 4.1 × 10-3), and a high Q×f value (Q × f = 1,620 GHz, Q = 1/tanδ, f = 6.67 GHz). The microstructures and dielectric properties of Ba0.88(Nd1.40Bi0.42La0.30)Ti4O12/ alkali-borosilicate glass composites were investigated in this study, with the volume percentage of the glass phase in the composite being either 50, 55, or 60 vol.%. Sintered density measurements indicated that the density increased with an increase in the sintering temperature for the composites with 50 and 55 vol.% glass additions, but, at a sintering temperature higher than 800 oC, the density decreased for the composite with a 60 vol.% glass addition. XRD patterns revealed that the peak of the highest intensity in the B(NBL)T crystal belongs to the (401) crystal plane, while that in the B(NBL)T/glass composites to the (320) crystal plane. Along with the change in crystalline preferred orientation, the lattice constants of the crystal also changed. SEM micrographs indicated that the B(NBL)T phase developed into columnar grains at sintering temperatures higher than 1260 oC. Moreover, when glass was added, the grain morphology changed, especially at sintering temperatures higher than 850 oC. When sintered at 950 oC for 2 hours, the composite with 55 vol.% glass yielded the highest dielectric constant (εr= 23.2), the lowest dielectric loss (tanδ = 4.1 × 10-3), and a high Q×f value (Q × f = 1,620 GHz, Q = 1/tanδ, f = 6.67 GHz).

Scale Development and Model Validation for the Process of Exercise Engagement for People with Prediabetes

Chang, Shu-Chuan,Yeh, Hsiu-Chen,Kuo, Yu-Lun 한국간호과학회 2020 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.50 No.2

Purpose: This study had two objectives: 1) to develop a scale for the process of exercise engagement (SPEE) for prediabetic individuals (PDIs); 2) to validate a structural model for the process of exercise engagement for PDIs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with simple random sampling was conducted from September 2013 to December 2015 (in Taiwan). A total of 310 PDIs were enrolled for scale development and model validation via item analysis, factor analyses, and structural equation modeling. The Kuo model was used as the basis for developing the Chinese version of the SPEE for PDIs. Results: The SPEE contains five subscales with a total of twenty-one items that account for 54.9% to 65.9% of the total variance explained for assessing participants’ process of engagement during exercise. For Kuo model validation, the model measures indicated goodness of fit between the Kuo model and sample data. Analysis further revealed a direct effect between the creating health blueprints (CHB) stage and the spontaneous regular exercise (SRE) stage (b=.60). Conclusion: The SPEE includes five subscales for assessing the psychological transition and behavioral expression at each stage of the process of exercise engagement for PDIs. The SPEE for people with prediabetes provides deeper insights into the factors of behavioral change stages that are required to initiate long-term health care outcomes and avoid developing diabetes. These insights are significant as they allow for patient-specific mapping and behavior modification to effect exercise.

The Effects of Low Temperatures on Larval Survival of Aedes aegypti andAe. albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Taiwan

Lun-Hsien Chang,Err-Lieh Hsu 한국응용곤충학회 2005 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.05

Developing a General Model for Construction Problem Solving for an Engineering Consulting Firm

Pei-Lun Chang,Wen-der Yu 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.6

This paper presents the development of a lessons-learned-based general construction problem-solving model, namely GCPM, within an engineering consulting firm to assist construction engineers in finding the preliminary solution for a construction problem. The proposed GCPM is developed using an induction method based on 631 historical lesson-learned files collected from a leading engineering consulting firm in Taiwan. Elements of the Construction Project Management Body of Knowledge (CPMBOK) of the Project Management Institute (PMI), Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) and Data Mining (DM), are adopted so that the Management Parameters (MPs) and Problem-Solving Principles (PSPs) are defined and derived. Finally, a Construction Problem- Solving Matrix (CPSM) is obtained comprising of two types of MPs and a set of 76 PSPs. After tested with 54 real world cases, the proposed GCPM is verified to achieve 96.5% overall successful application rate. It is concluded that the proposed GCPM provides a promising tool for construction engineers of engineering consultants to direct appropriate problem-solving principles regardless of the complexity and diversity of construction problems.

Descriptor Observers for Robust Fault Reconstruction in a Class of Nonlinear Descriptor Systems

Joseph Chang Lun Chan,Tae H. Lee,Wen-Shyan Chua,Chee Pin Tan 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.3

This paper presents a robust fault reconstruction scheme for a class of nonlinear descriptor systems that is affected by disturbances. The fault enters the system both linearly and through nonlinear functions in both the state and output equations. The system is first re-expressed into a form which is easier to manipulate. Two cases are considered: in the first case, the fault is present in the nonlinear function of the output equation, whereas in the second case, the nonlinear function of the output equation does not contain the fault. In each case, a nonlinear descriptor observer is used to reconstruct the fault, where the gains of the observer are designed using linear matrix inequalities such that the effect of disturbances on the fault reconstruction is bounded. As a result of their structure, the proposed descriptor observers do not require restrictions on the rates of the input and disturbances (unlike in observers using a state-space structure) which makes the proposed observers more widely applicable. Finally, two simulation examples are performed to verify the performance of the proposed observers.

A Sliding Mode Observer for Reconstructing Cyber Attacks

Joseph Chang Lun Chan,Tae H. Lee Institute of Embedded Engineering of Korea 2023 대한임베디드공학회논문지 Vol.18 No.6

This paper presents a sliding mode observer (SMO) for reconstructing cyber attacks affecting a system. The system is first re-expressed such that its design freedom is easier to manipulate. The SMO is then used to reconstruct the cyber attack affecting the system. A simulation example is used to verify the performance of the SMO under two types of cyber attacks, and its results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.

Induction of Forkhead Class box O3a and apoptosis by a standardized ginsenoside formulation, KG-135, is potentiated by autophagy blockade in A549 human lung cancer cells

Chih-Jung Yao,Jyh-Ming Chow,Shuang-En Chuang,Chia-Lun Chang,Ming-De Yan,Hsin-Lun Lee,I-Chun Lai,Pei-Chun Lin,Gi-Ming Lai 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: KG-135, a standardized formulation enriched with Rk1, Rg3, and Rg5 ginsenosides, has been shown to inhibit various types of cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we explored its effects in A549 human lung cancer cells to investigate the induction of Forkhead Class box O3a (FOXO3a) and autophagy. Methods: Cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B staining. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using flow cytometry. The changes of protein levels were determined using Western blot analysis. Autophagy induction was monitored by the formation of acidic vesicular organelles stained with acridine orange. Results: KG-135 effectively arrested the cells in G1 phase with limited apoptosis. Accordingly, a decrease of cyclin-dependent kinase-4, cyclin-dependent kinase-6, cyclin D1, and phospho-retinoblastoma protein, and an increase of p27 and p18 proteins were observed. Intriguingly, KG-135 increased the tumor suppressor FOXO3a and induced the accumulation of autophagy hallmark LC3-II and acidic vesicular organelles without an increase of the upstream marker Beclin-1. Unconventionally, the autophagy adaptor protein p62 (sequestosome 1) was increased rather than decreased. Blockade of autophagy by hydroxychloroquine dramatically potentiated KG-135-induced FOXO3a and its downstream (FasL) ligand accompanied by the cleavage of caspase-8. Meanwhile, the decrease of Bcl-2 and survivin, as well as the cleavage of caspase-9, were also drastically enhanced, resulting in massive apoptosis. Conclusion: Besides arresting the cells in G1 phase, KG-135 increased FOXO3a and induced an unconventional autophagy in A549 cells. Both the KG-135-activated extrinsic FOXO3a/FasL/caspase-8 and intrinsic caspase-9 apoptotic pathways were potentiated by blockade of autophagy. Combination of KG- 135 and autophagy inhibitor may be a novel strategy as an integrative treatment for cancers.

Induction of Forkhead Class box O3a and apoptosis by a standardized ginsenoside formulation, KG-135, is potentiated by autophagy blockade in A549 human lung cancer cells

Yao, Chih-Jung,Chow, Jyh-Ming,Chuang, Shuang-En,Chang, Chia-Lun,Yan, Ming-De,Lee, Hsin-Lun,Lai, I-Chun,Lin, Pei-Chun,Lai, Gi-Ming The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: KG-135, a standardized formulation enriched with Rk1, Rg3, and Rg5 ginsenosides, has been shown to inhibit various types of cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we explored its effects in A549 human lung cancer cells to investigate the induction of Forkhead Class box O3a (FOXO3a) and autophagy. Methods: Cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B staining. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using flow cytometry. The changes of protein levels were determined using Western blot analysis. Autophagy induction was monitored by the formation of acidic vesicular organelles stained with acridine orange. Results: KG-135 effectively arrested the cells in G1 phase with limited apoptosis. Accordingly, a decrease of cyclin-dependent kinase-4, cyclin-dependent kinase-6, cyclin D1, and phospho-retinoblastoma protein, and an increase of p27 and p18 proteins were observed. Intriguingly, KG-135 increased the tumor suppressor FOXO3a and induced the accumulation of autophagy hallmark LC3-II and acidic vesicular organelles without an increase of the upstream marker Beclin-1. Unconventionally, the autophagy adaptor protein p62 (sequestosome 1) was increased rather than decreased. Blockade of autophagy by hydroxychloroquine dramatically potentiated KG-135-induced FOXO3a and its downstream (FasL) ligand accompanied by the cleavage of caspase-8. Meanwhile, the decrease of Bcl-2 and survivin, as well as the cleavage of caspase-9, were also drastically enhanced, resulting in massive apoptosis. Conclusion: Besides arresting the cells in G1 phase, KG-135 increased FOXO3a and induced an unconventional autophagy in A549 cells. Both the KG-135-activated extrinsic FOXO3a/FasL/caspase-8 and intrinsic caspase-9 apoptotic pathways were potentiated by blockade of autophagy. Combination of KG-135 and autophagy inhibitor may be a novel strategy as an integrative treatment for cancers.

美國의 1933年 證券法上 公示義務의 免除

張根榮 연세법학회 1998 연세법학 Vol.5 No.1

Removal of phenol from gas streams via combined plasma catalysis

Kuan Lun Pan,Dai Ling Chen,Guan Ting Pan,Siewhui Chong,Moo Been Chang 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.52 No.-

A hybrid system consisting of non-thermal plasma and perovskite-like catalyst is developed andevaluated for the effectiveness in removing phenol from gas streams. For thermal catalysis,La0.8Sr0.2Mn0.8Cu0.2O3 shows high activity for phenol removal. Further, La0.8Sr0.2Mn0.8Cu0.2O3 is appliedfor combined plasma catalysis (CPC). The results indicate that phenol removal efficiency with CPCremains 100% at applied voltage range of 13–16 kV. Importantly, secondary pollutants (O3 and NOx) andenergy efficiency can be inhibited and increased, respectively, as CPC is applied. Overall, this studydemonstrates that combining non-thermal plasma with perovskite-like catalyst is effective in removingphenol from gas streams.