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HFC-134a와 대체냉매 HFC-152a에 CF_3I를 혼합한 자동차냉매 특성
권일욱,박찬수,홍경한,문기선,최운수,서의경,윤갑식,이종인,하옥남 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2002 機械技術硏究 Vol.5 No.1
These days, an attention of environment has been increasing all over the world. to prevent the green house effect and destruction of an ozone layer, an ozone destruction potential(ODP) be zero and a refrigerant for low global warming potential(GWP) is needed. HFC-134a, in which hydrogen is mixed instead of chlorine is a refrigerant used for automobile conditioners and its destruction potential is ecologically zero. However, it is not considered as a perfect substitutive refrigerant as its GWP is high. It is studied refrigerant mixtures in which HFC-134a, HFC-152a and CF_3I with low GWP and zero ODP are mixed by experimentally and concluded as follows; 1. with the variation of speed of compressor outside temperature and flow rate, the heat of evaporator and compressor and coefficient of performance was varied, and influenced the air conditioner. 2. The pressure of evaporator was decreased with increasing the speed of compressor and that of the refrigerant HFC-134a was higher 21% than that of azotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I. The overall capacity of condensor and evaporator was increased and HGC-134a was higher than azotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I 3. The capacity of evaporator with the refrigerant HFC-134a was higher 6% than azotrope refrigerant mixed with CF31 and the required power with zaotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I was higher 11% than that of HFC-134a. 4. The COP of the refrigerant FHC-134a was higher 31% in 1000RPM. when outside temperature was increased, COP was decreased. 5. Performance of HFC-134a is better than azotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I but prefered zaotrope refrigerant mixed with CF_3I considering the environment.
황성욱,전보경,김찬훈,서정민,최금찬 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.1
It is important to know the impacts of acid rain because of soil acidification, reduced biological productivity. Many researchers were interested in regional acid problems, and former research were focued in short-term trends of acid rain. It is not easy to evaluate acid rain problems because of many parameters relating to meteorological factors, which are wind, temperature, humidity and other factors. Rainfall sampling for this study was done from September 1933 to December 2000 in Dong-A University, Busan. All Samples were collected in separately to early fraction and succeeding fraction. Also, the samples were measured for pH, and EC, cations and anions were analysed by ion Chromatography.
이창헌,문종욱,박용석,최찬문,서두옥 제주대학교 해양연구소 1998 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.22 No.-
A field experiment was carried out to confirm the effect of underwater sound on the luring of fish school using a surface speaker at the coast of Cheju Island. Underwater sounds that were emitted for the luring of fish school were the pure sound of which frequencies were 200Hz and 300Hz. 1. The sound pressure level of 100Hz. 200Hz. 300Hz. 500Hz and 1000Hz classified by the depth of water at sea were 95dB. 100dB. l00dB 80dB and 60dB at 1m. 90dB. 95dB. 88dB. 70dB and 45dB at 10m. 87dB, 90dB. 82dB. 65dB and 42dB at 20m respectively. 2. The effect of the emitted pure sound of 200Hz and 300Hz was remarkable for luring of fish school in about 30 minutes after sound emission. Then Sound pressure was 120 - 130dB. The lured fish school was the shoal of anchovy 3. The fact that anchovy school geathered at 200Hz and 300Hz suggested that this fish school did not show sensitive response to the change of frequencies.
이창헌,문종욱,박용석,최찬문,서두옥 제주대학교 해양연구소 1998 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.22 No.-
To obtain the fundamental data on a surface speaker made to lure fish school by pure sound, three surface speakers were made of moving coil driver units of 75W and 50W respectively. Their frequency characteristic was measured in the range of 200 - 4mHz that could be used in luring fish school. The results of the measurements in air and sea are follows. 1. The input and output wave forms of a surface speaker were similar to each other in measurement frequencies in air. Then sound pressure of a surface speaker made of 75W driver units among them was over 130dB(0dB re 20μ Pa) in the range of 300 - 400Hz maximally. 2. When the surface speaker with 75W driver units emitted the measurement frequencies at sea. Sound pressure classified by the depth of water were over 140dB at 1m and 120dB at 20m(0dB re 1μ Pa) respectively.
Haemocytes responses of the pearl oyster, Pincdata fucata, at different temperatures
Choi, Young-Joon,Hwang, Jee-Youn,Baeck, Gun-Wook,Kim, Mu-Chan,Park, Hyung-Jun,Choi, Byoung-Dae,Kang, Suk-Joong,Park, Chan-Il The Korean Society of Fish Pathology 2008 한국어병학회지 Vol.21 No.3
The effects of temperatures on pearl oyster, Pincdata fucata were studied by evaluating some functional immune responses of the haemocytes. Water temperature is one of the most important factors in bivalve immune defense. Haemocytes comprise a primary line by inflammation, encapsulation and phagocytosis. These phagocytic abilities of haemocytes were observed in different temperatures. The number of the circulating haemocytes by migratory assay, phagocytic activities by MTT assay and reactive oxygen species production of haemocytes by CL assay were measured at different temperatures. Results showed that pearl oyster maintained at 20℃ and 25℃ displayed significantly higher values for all the measured immune parameters in comparison to maintained at 10, 15, and 30℃.
( Chan Ran You ),( Myeong Jun Song ),( Chan Kwon Jung ),( Sung Woo Hong ),( Won Hee Hur ),( Sang Wook Choi ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Jong Young Choi ),( Seung Kew Yoon ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Ribosomal proteins (RP) involve in the regulation of apoptosis and carcinogenesis. In recent studies of RP in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the overexpression of ribosomal protein L12, L27, L30 and L36 was found. We aimed to investigate the expression of ribosomal protein S23 (RPS23) and its effect on prognosis in postoperative HCC patients. Methods: Liver tissues were obtained 63 patients who had undergone curative resection for HCC. We enrolled the patients with early tumor stage (≤ UICC stage III) and good liver function (≤ Child Pugh score 6). The expressions of RPS23 in tumor tissue and non-tumor tissue were examined by immunohistochemical staining. Analyses for survival and recurrence were done between tumor RPS23 (t-RPS23) expression group and non-expression group. Results: RPS23 was expressed in 34 patients (54.0%) on tumor tissue and 8 patients (13.1%) in Non-tumor tissues (P=0.016). The patients were grouped according to the expression of RPS26 in tumor tissue. Basal characteristics were not different between t-RPS23 positive and negative group. The three years and five years survival rate was higher in t-RPS23 positive group (90.2% vs. 65.8% of 3 year survival rate, P=0.007, 86.1% vs. 55.7% of 5 year survival rate, P=0.010). On multivariate analysis, t-RPS23 expression (HR 10.95, P=0.004) and tumor number (HR 9.71, P=0.001) were independent prognostic factors for 3 year and 5 year survival. Tumor recurrence during one year after resection was relatively low in t-RPS23 positive group, but not statistically significant (17.8% vs. 36.0%, P=0.084). However, on multivariate analysis, t-RPS23 expression (HR 4.18, P=0.021) and serosa invasion (HR 4.15, P=0.019) were independent factors for 1 year tumor recurrence. Conclusions: The RPS23 expression of HCC patients was higher in tumor tissue than in non- tumor tissues. The RPS23 expression in tumor tissue was good prognostic marker for resected HCC. RPS23 may be associated with good oncogene to have paradoxical function in HCC.