How CRISPR is changing agriculture?

Caixia Gao 한국육종학회 2019 한국육종학회 학술발표회지 Vol.2019 No.-

Nonlinear impulsive system of microbial production in fed-batch culture and its optimal control

Caixia Gao,Yanhuai Lang,Enmin Feng,Zhilong Xiu 한국전산응용수학회 2005 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.19 No.1-2

In this study the optimal control of fed-batch glycerol fermentation is investigated based on an impulsive dynamical system. Considering the sudden increase of the glycerol and alkali in fed-batch culture of biodissimilation of glycerol to 1,3- propanediol, this paper proposes a nonlinear impulsive system of fed-batch culture. The existence, uniqueness and regularity properties of piecewise solution for the system are proved. In view of the controllability of volumes of glycerol added to the reactor instantaneously, the paper constructs an optimal control model based on the nonlinear impulsive system and the existence of the optimal control is obtained. The control variables here are the moments and the sizes of jumps in the states at the discrete instants and the objective is to maximize the productivity of 1,3-propanediol over one cycle.

NONLINEAR IMPULSIVE SYSTEM OF MICROBIAL PRODUCTION IN FED-BATCH CULTURE AND ITS OPTIMAL CONTROL

GAO, CAIXIA,LANG, YANHUAI,FENG, ENMIN,XIU, ZHILONG 한국전산응용수학회 2005 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.19 No.1

In this study the optimal control of fed-batch glycerol fermentation is investigated based on an impulsive dynamical system. Considering the sudden increase of the glycerol and alkali in fed-batch culture of biodissimilation of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol, this paper proposes a non-linear impulsive system of fed-batch culture. The existence, uniqueness and regularity properties of piecewise solution for the system are proved. In view of the controllability of volumes of glycerol added to the reactor instantaneously, the paper constructs an optimal control model based on the nonlinear impulsive system and the existence of the optimal control is obtained. The control variables here are the moments and the sizes of jumps in the states at the discrete instants and the objective is to maximize the productivity of 1,3-propanediol over one cycle.

Efficient conversion of fructose to 5-[(formyloxy)methyl]furfural by reactive extraction and in-situ esterification

Caixia Xiong,Yong Sun,Juan Du,Wei Chen,Zhihao Si,He Gao,Xing Tang,Xianhai Zeng 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.6

5-[(Formyloxy)methyl]furfural (FMF), an analogue of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) is becoming more attractive due to its superior stability and hydrophobicity, which make it easier to refineand store. In the present study, FMF was produced from fructose by one-pot approach in pure formic acid media or by a two-step approach via HMF in choline chloride (ChCl)/fructose deep eutectic solvents (DES) system. A favorable FMF yield of 63.22% was reached by two-step approach. In addition, the effects of reaction parameters, such as temperature and acidity, on preparation of FMF from fructose were systematically investigated. The dehydration of fructose into HMF was confirmed as the rate-controlling step in the consecutive reaction. Ultimately, the separation and purification procedures of FMF were put forward. The FMF with a purity of 98.8% was obtained finally. Meanwhile, the FMF purified by saturated sodium bicarbonate solution showed an excelled storage stability.

Phosphoproteomic profiling of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins of muscle in response to salting

Caixia Zhang,Zhenyu Wang,Zheng Li,Qingwu Shen,Lijuan Chen,Lingling Gao,Dequan Zhang 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

A phosphoproteomic profile of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins of muscle inresponse to salting was investigated. Myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins extracted from saltedmeat with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% salt for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 16 h were analyzed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresisand fluorescence staining. The global phosphorylation of myofibrillar proteins in salted meat was lowerthan that in control muscle at 16 h of salting (p<0.05), and the global phosphorylation of myofibrillarproteins in 3% salt-treated group at 16 h was the lowest. However, salting showed no significant effecton phosphorylation of sarcoplasmic proteins. Four categories of phosphorylated protein wereidentified by LC-MS/MS, involved in stress response (heat shock protein), glycometabolism (glycogenphosphorylase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase), oxidation or reduction (superoxidedismutase), and others (myoglobin), the phosphorylation of which was affected by salting. Thus,salting may influence meat quality through protein phosphorylation, which regulates proteindegradation and glycolysis.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a Chinese Preventive Health Model instrument for measuring the psychosocial factors in hepatocellular carcinoma screening among patients with hepatitis B

Li Caixia,Lu Xiling,Wong Cho Lee,Gao Fei,Chan Carmen W.H. 한국간호과학회 2022 Asian Nursing Research Vol.16 No.2

Purpose Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as an effective instrument to reduce the burden of late diagnoses remains underutilized in China, much of the Asian countries, and in a sense all over the world. Modifiable psychosocial factors should be identified to improve screening utilization and reduce the burden of late diagnoses. However, valid psychosocial measures are unavailable. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the preventive health model (PHM) instrument for measuring psychosocial factors of HCC screening among patients with hepatitis B. Methods This study was conducted from June 2020 to April 2021 in three rigorous phases: (1) committee-based translation from English to Chinese; (2) cognitive interviews (n = 33) and Delphi expert consultations (n = 7) for cultural adaptation; and (3) a cross-sectional study (n = 305) for validation. Results In phase I, two items were reworded, and two retranslated for semantic equivalence. In phase II, issues related to comprehension, sensitive wording, wording clarity, question relevance, and cultural sensitivity were addressed by including pictures, rewording five items, and developing seven items. In phase III, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a five-factor 20-item solution: it explained 76.9% of the variance; had adequate factor loading (.60–.91), convergent and discriminant validity; satisfactory model fit indices; and reliability (Cronbach's α, .86−.91). Known-group analysis showed that patients with optimal HCC screening behavior had significantly higher scores on each subscale than those not having such. Conclusion The Chinese PHM instrument is culturally sensitive, reliable, and valid to measure the psychosocial factors of HCC screening. It can help nurses and researchers to tailor strategies to improve clinical HCC screening practices in high-risk HCC regions.

Phosphoproteomic profiling of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins of muscle in response to salting

Zhang, Caixia,Wang, Zhenyu,Li, Zheng,Shen, Qingwu,Chen, Lijuan,Gao, Lingling,Zhang, Dequan 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

A phosphoproteomic profile of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins of muscle in response to salting was investigated. Myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins extracted from salted meat with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% salt for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 16 h were analyzed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and fluorescence staining. The global phosphorylation of myofibrillar proteins in salted meat was lower than that in control muscle at 16 h of salting (p<0.05), and the global phosphorylation of myofibrillar proteins in 3% salt-treated group at 16 h was the lowest. However, salting showed no significant effect on phosphorylation of sarcoplasmic proteins. Four categories of phosphorylated protein were identified by LC-MS/MS, involved in stress response (heat shock protein), glycometabolism (glycogen phosphorylase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase), oxidation or reduction (superoxide dismutase), and others (myoglobin), the phosphorylation of which was affected by salting. Thus, salting may influence meat quality through protein phosphorylation, which regulates protein degradation and glycolysis.

Evaluation of the genetic diversity of six Chinese indigenous chickens

Sha Yuzhu,Gao Caixia,Liu Meimei,Zhao Shengguo 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.10

Objective: The extensive breeding of commercial chickens has led to a sharp decrease in the resources of many indigenous chickens, especially the indigenous chickens in the southeastern coastal region, which are on the verge of extinction, and the indigenous chickens in the northwestern region of China, which are also at risk. However, there are few reports on the evaluation of genetic diversity and conservation of genetic resources of indigenous chickens in remote areas in the Northwest of China. Methods: In the present study, the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of six indigenous chickens from different regions were studied based on variation in mitochondrial DNA control region (D-loop), and the degree of introgression from commercial breeds into these chickens was determined by the amount of haplotype sharing between indigenous and commercial breeds. Results: Twenty-five polymorphic sites and 25 haplotypes were detected in 206 individuals. Principal component analysis showed that the Jingning chicken had the highest genetic diversity among the six indigenous chickens. According to the degree of introgression, the six indigenous breeds may be involved in haplotype sharing with commercial breeds, and the introgression from commercial chickens into the Haidong chicken is the most serious. Conclusion: The genetic uniqueness of indigenous chickens has been eroded, so it is necessary to consider the protection of their genetic resources. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the six indigenous chickens have two major matrilineal origins: one from Yunnan or its surrounding areas in China and the other from the Indian subcontinent.

Evaluating genetic diversity and identifying priority conservation for seven Tibetan pig populations in China based on the mtDNA D-loop

Ge Qianyun,Gao Caixia,Cai Yuan,Jiao Ting,Quan Jinqiang,Guo Yongbo,Zheng Wangshan,Zhao Shengguo 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.12

Objective: Tibetan pigs, an excellent species unique to China, face serious threats, which in turn affects the development and utilization of the outstanding advantages of plateau hypoxia adaptability and reduces their genetic diversity. Therefore, a discussion of measures to conserve this genetic resource is necessary. The method, based on genetic diversity, genetic divergence and total genetic contribution rate of population, reflects the priority conservation order and varies depending on the three different purposes of conservation. Methods: We analyzed mitochondrial DNA control region (D-loop) variation in 1,201 individuals from nine Tibetan pig populations across five provinces and downloaded 564 mtDNA D-loop sequences from three indigenous pig breeds in Qinghai, Sichuan, and Yunnan Provinces distributed near the Tibetan pigs. Results: We analyzed three different aspects: Changdu Tibetan pigs have the highest genetic diversity, and from the perspective of genetic diversity, the priority conservation is Changdu Tibetan pigs. Hezuo Tibetan pigs have the highest genetic contribution, so the priority conservation is Hezuo Tibetan pigs in the genetic contribution aspect. Rkaze Tibetan pigs were severely affected by indigenous pig breeds, so if considering from the perspective of introgression, the priority conservation is Rkaze Tibetan pigs. Conclusion: This study evaluated genetic diversity and comprehensively assessed conservation priority from three different aspects in nine Tibetan pig populations.

Existence-and-Uniqueness and Mean-square Boundedness of the Solution to Stochastic Control Systems

Peilin Lu,Caixia Gao 한국전산응용수학회 2013 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.31 No.3

This paper mainly deals with the stochastic control system, the existence and uniqueness of solutions and the behavior of solutions are investigated. Firstly, we obtain sufficient conditions which guarantee the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the stochastic control system. And then, boundedness of the solution to the system is achieved under mean-square linear growth condition.