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Study on Safety and Reliability of ETOPS using Aircraft Operation Simulation
Nam, K. W.,Kim, C. Y. 한국항공운항학회 1996 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.4 No.1
A methodology has been developed for predicting aircraft reliability incorporating both C.C.F.s(Comrnon-Cause Failures), and Phased missions. Failure behaviour of an aircraft or it s systems are predicted. Both independent failures, and C.C.E.s are modelled by the Markov process, and simulated using Monte Carlo sampling with the robust variance reduction method. Prediction of safety and reliability is made through discrete-event simulation of aircraft operations. A case study is described for investigating the safety and reliability of the propulsion system of two-, three- and four-engined aircraft. This IS particularly important for the design of ETOPS(Extended Range of Two-Engined Aircraft Operations) and results are presented for the cases with, and without the effect of C.C.F.s
Kwon, D.W.,Nam, K.B.,Hong, S.C. Elsevier 2015 Applied Catalysis A Vol.497 No.-
<P>The influence of tungsten in the Mn/Ce/W/Ti catalyst system on the activity and SO2 induced deactivation of the catalyst was evaluated. The properties of the catalyst were evaluated using physicochemical measurements, including Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and H-2 temperature-programmed reduction (H-2-TPR) analyses. The Mn4+ ratio increased with the addition of Ce and W to the Mn/Ti system. The Mn/Ce/W/Ti catalyst, prepared by controlling the Mn4+ ratio through the addition of Ce and W to Mn/Ti, exhibited excellent activity in the range of 120-200 degrees C. The catalyst efficiency was positively correlated with NH3 adsorption. The catalytic activity and surface area of the Mn/Ce/5W/Ti catalyst (containing 5 wt% tungsten) were optimal, but decreased at higher tungsten loadings. Increasing the Ce3+ ratio in Mn/Ce/W/Ti increased the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) activity. Mn/Ti and Mn/Ce/Ti were rapidly deactivated upon the injection of SO2 in the SCR reaction. However, the Mn/Ce/5W/Ti catalyst exhibited excellent resistance to SO2 induced deactivation. Thus, the addition of tungsten to Mn/Ce/Ti resulted in excellent NO conversion and SO2 resistance. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Hyun, S.,Shin, K.H.,Lee, S.C.,Chang, S.W.,Nam, S.I. Pergamon Press 2017 QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL Vol.441 No.1
<P>The carbon isotope of total carbon (delta C-13(org)), long-chain n-alkanes, and their compound-specific carbon isotope ratios (delta C-13(ALK)) were investigated in the Hanon paleo-maar sediment, Jeju Island of Korea to understand paleoclimate variabilities and their paleovegetation linkages. Based on the organic geochemical data (TOC (%), TN (%), and their delta C-13(org) and delta N-15), the core column stratigraphy was divided into three units, namely from the bottom to 14.5 ka (Unit I), from 14.5 ka to 3.01<a (Unit II), and from 3.0 ka to the core top (Unit III), respectively. In particular, delta C-13(org) showed marked fluctuation from -17.31%o to -28.68%o, suggesting different organic carbon sources. A relatively narrow range of variation in delta C-13(org) was observed in Unit III, and drastic changes in delta C-13(org) were observed from Unit I to Unit II. This may indicate a predominance of C-4 plants in Unit I, and drastic changes from terrestrial C-4 to C-3 in Unit II and predominance of C-3 plants in Unit III. The distributions of n-alkane were characterized by a continuous predominance of odd-numbered n-alkanes, particularly nC(29) and nC(31), and by high fluctuation of the total n-alkanes concentration. The average chain length (ACL), carbon preferences index (CPI), and paleoplant proxy (Paq) showed high fluctuation and glacial-interglacial variations with distinctive a high and low ratio at about 9.2 ka, corresponding to the switching points of delta C-13(org) and a high concentration of nalkane distribution. Individual n-alkane odd-numbered isotopes of delta C-13(Auc) ranged between -11.80%o in delta C-13n(21) and -34.93%o in delta C-13n(31), suggesting different sources of n-alkanes. The distribution of n-alkanes and their individual delta C-13(Auc), in particular delta C-13n(21), support paleovegetation changes, and their time dependent variations matched well with glacial-interglacial paleoclimate variations. Therefore, organic geochemical proxies recorded in Hanon paleo-maar sediment reflects paleoclimate variabilities as well as paleovegetation changes for the last 35 kyr in Jeju Island, Korea. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.</P>
Park, S R,Kong, S-Y,Nam, B-H,Choi, I J,Kim, C G,Lee, J Y,Cho, S J,Kim, Y W,Ryu, K W,Lee, J H,Rhee, J,Park, Y-I,Kim, N K Nature Publishing Group 2011 The British journal of cancer Vol.104 No.7
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>We evaluated the association between polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2A6 (<I>CYP2A6</I>)/excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (<I>ERCC1</I>)/X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1(<I>XRCC1</I>) and treatment outcomes of metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) patients treated with S-1/cisplatin.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Among MGC patients (<I>n</I>=108), who received S-1 (40 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP> b.i.d., days 1–14) and cisplatin (60 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP>, day 1) every 3 weeks, we analysed the wild-type allele (<I>W</I>) and variants (<I>V</I>) of <I>CYP2A6</I> (<I>*4</I>, <I>*7, *9, *10</I>), and the polymorphisms of <I>ERCC1</I> (rs11615, rs3212986) and <I>XRCC1</I> (rs25487).</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Patients having fewer <I>CYP2A6</I> variants had better response rates (<I>W</I>/<I>W vs W</I>/<I>V</I> other than <I>*1/*4 vs V</I>/<I>V</I> or <I>*1/*4</I>=66.7 <I>vs</I> 58.3 <I>vs</I> 32.3% <I>P</I>=0.008), time to progression (TTP) (7.2 <I>vs</I> 6.1 <I>vs</I> 3.5 months, <I>P</I>=0.021), and overall survival (23.2 <I>vs</I> 15.4 <I>vs</I> 12.0 months, <I>P</I>=0.004). <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> (rs3212986) was also associated with response rate (<I>C/C</I>, 46.7% <I>vs C/A</I>, 55.3% <I>vs A/A</I>, 87.5%) (<I>P</I>=0.048) and TTP (4.4 <I>vs</I> 7.6 <I>vs</I> 7.9 months) (<I>P</I>=0.012). Patients carrying both risk genotypes of <I>CYP2A6</I> (<I>V</I>/<I>V</I> or <I>1/*4</I>) and <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> (<I>C/C</I>) <I>vs</I> those carrying none showed an adjusted odds ratio of 0.113 (<I>P</I>=0.004) for response, and adjusted hazard ratios of 3.748 (<I>P</I>=0.0001) for TTP and 2.961 (<I>P</I>=0.006) for death.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Polymorphisms of <I>CYP2A6</I> and <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> correlated with the efficacy of S-1/cisplatin.</P>
Novel dentin phosphoprotein frameshift mutations in dentinogenesis imperfecta type II
Lee, K‐,E,Kang, H‐,Y,Lee, S‐,K,Yoo, S‐,H,Lee, J‐,C,Hwang, Y‐,H,Nam, KH,Kim, J‐,S,Park, J‐,C,Kim, J‐,W Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Clinical genetics Vol.79 No.4
<P>Lee K‐E, Kang H‐Y, Lee S‐K, Yoo S‐H, Lee J‐C, Hwang Y‐H, Nam KH, Kim J‐S, Park J‐C, Kim J‐W. Novel dentin phosphoprotein frameshift mutations in dentinogenesis imperfecta type II.</P><P>The dentin sialophosphoprotein (<I>DSPP</I>) gene encodes the most abundant non‐collagenous protein in tooth dentin and DSPP protein is cleaved into several segments including the highly phosphorylated dentin phosphoprotein (DPP). Mutations in the <I>DSPP</I> gene have been solely related to non‐syndromic form of hereditary dentin defects. We recruited three Korean families with dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) type II and sequenced the exons and exon–intron boundaries of the <I>DSPP</I> gene based on the candidate gene approach. Direct sequencing of PCR products and allele‐specific cloning of the highly repetitive exon 5 revealed novel single base pair (bp) deletional mutations (c.2688delT and c.3560delG) introducing hydrophobic amino acids in the hydrophilic repeat domain of the DPP coding region. All affected members of the three families showed exceptionally rapid pulp chambers obliteration, even before tooth eruption. Individuals with the c.3560delG mutation showed only mild, yellowish tooth discoloration, in contrast to the affected individuals from two families with c.2688delT mutation. We believe that these results will help us to understand the molecular pathogenesis of DGI type II as well as the normal process of dentin biomineralization.</P>
백남춘(Baek Nam-Choon),윤종호(Yoon Jong-Ho),윤응상(Yoon E. S),유창균(Yoo C. G),주문창(Joo M. C),손선우(Son S. W) 한국태양에너지학회 2007 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
This study is on the evaluation of KIER Zero Energy Solar House(ZeSH). This ZeSH was designed and constructed for the goal of 70% self sufficiency only thermal loads. Various innovative technologies for reducing thermal load such as super insulation, high performance window, passive solar systems, ventilation heat recovery system , etc are applied in this ZeSH. In this study, the performance of the active solar heating system with geothermal heat pump as an auxiliary energy system and the energy self sufficiency rate are especially analyzed by experiment. Indoor setting temperature of ZeSH is 20℃ throughout the experimental period. As a result, the performance of active solar system is 35 to 40% depending on the various ambient condition and the solar fraction for heating season is about 74%.