Yacon Flour and Bifidobacterium longum Modulate Bone Health in Rats

Fabiana Carvalho Rodrigues,Adriano Simo˜es Barbosa Castro,Vı´vian Carolina Rodrigues,Se´rgio Antoˆnio Fernandes,Edimar Aparecida Filomeno Fontes,Taˆnia Toledo de Oliveira,He´rcia Stampini Duarte Marti 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.7

Yacon flour has been considered a food with prebiotic potential because of the high levels of fructooligosaccharides, which allows for its use in formulating synbiotic foods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of yacon flour and probiotic (Bifidobacterium longum) on the modulation of variables related to bone health. Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control, yacon flour, diet + B. longum, and yacon flour + B. longum. After euthanasia, the bones were removed for analysis of biomechanical properties (thickness, length, and strength of fracture) and mineral content (Ca, Mg, and P); the cecum was removed for analysis of the microbiota and short-chain fatty acids. Tibia Ca, P, and Mg content was significantly (P < .05) higher in groups fed diet + B. longum, yacon flour + B. longum than in the control group. An increase in fracture strength was observed in the yacon flour (8.1%), diet + B. longum (8.6%), and yacon flour + B. longum (14.6%) in comparison to the control group. Total anaerobe and weight of the cecum were higher (P < .05) in rats consuming the yacon flour diet compared with the other groups. Cecal concentration of propionate was higher in all experimental groups compared with the control (P < .05). Yacon flour in combination with B. longum helped increase the concentration of minerals in bones, an important factor in the prevention of diseases such as osteoporosis.

The Overseas Fellowship Program: A Technocientific Scholarship Program in New Order Indonesia

( Anto Mohsin ) 한국과학사학회 2018 한국과학사학회지 Vol.40 No.2

This paper discusses the Overseas Fellowship Program (OFP), a national science and technology overseas training project that the New Order government of Indonesia (1966-1998) planned, implemented, and managed between 1985 and 1992. It dis-cusses the program’s rationale, objectives, implementation, assessments, and out-comes. Drawing on several sources, this paper illustrates that Indonesia’s overseas education and training project was part of the country’s industrialization program to generate highly trained scientific and technical personnel for the country’s six re-search organizations and several national laboratories. Through the OFP the Indone-sian government learned how to manage its own scholarship program, a valuable experience in management training. One result that fell short of its intended goal was to convert the six research institutions into “top-heavy” organizations from “bottom-heavy” ones. The reintegration of OFP fellows also faced some challenges because this aspect of the program was initially underdeveloped. But this program produced hundreds of highly-educated and skilled Indonesian graduates who have been carv-ing their own careers in government agencies, private companies, and in academia both in Indonesia and abroad. Many of them now belong to a newly created associ-ation called IABIE and they have been involved in various activities meant to in-crease the knowledge and skills of Indonesia’s younger generation out of sense of indebtedness for what the country had done for their own education.

Fault-Tolerant and Reconfiguration Control for Boost Multi-level NPC Converter Fed Doubly Fed Induction Machines

Anto Joseph,Yeongsu Bak,Sze Sing Lee,Kyo-Beum Lee 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

Double fed induction machine (DFIM) is preferred in various industrial applications, as it provides variable speed operation with reduced power converter rating and high dynamic stability. On rotor side, back-toback voltage source converter (VSC) is act as excitation system and controls real and reactive power of the machine. Boost multi-level neutral point clamped (NPC) VSC is emerging in industrial applications due to the high dc link voltage utilization and less current THD. Full power converter redundancy in large rated VSC fed DFIM is challengeable and it is not yet employed in any practical applications such wind power generation and pumped-hydro power units. Therefore, fault-tolerant control (FTC) of VSC is mandatory for the continuous operation of unit by the project authorities of the units. This paper presents the fault tolerant and reconfiguration control approach for a boost NPC converter fed DFIM unit at open circuit faults in all controlled switches/devices. FTC during open-switch faults are investigated with the help of converter output voltage. Fault detection and isolation is achieved through the rotor currents and dc link voltage. A 2 MW DFIM is simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment to verify the operation of the proposed fault tolerant control.

Scalable Non-dimensional Model Predictive Control of Liquid Level in Generally Shaped Tanks Using RBF Neural Network

Jan Antos,Marek Kubalcik,Ivo Kuritka 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.3

This paper focuses on developing and analyzing a concept of a fully scalable control method applicable to highly nonlinear systems with dynamics varying over the whole working area. The approach is demonstrated on control of liquid level in non-trivial shaped tanks. Non-dimensionalised quantities were used for the development of general geometric model systems of the liquid accumulation in the tanks. Then, training sets were obtained from simulations of the model systems and used for training radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) models. These RBFNNs were implemented in controllers using model predictive control (MPC) method. Both the models and controllers are scalable and applicable in industry or nature. A tentative set of conditions and rules was defined to transfer the solution to practical situations.

Surface engineering of Pd-based nanoparticles by gas treatment for oxygen reduction reaction

A. Anto Jeffery,이상영,민지호,김영진,이승현,이진희,정남기,유성종 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.8

In many catalyst systems, including fuel cell applications, control of the catalyst surface composition is important for improving activity since catalytic reactions occur only at the surface. However, it is very difficult to modify the surface composition without changing the morphology of metal nanoparticles. Herein, carbon-supported Pd3Au1 nanoparticles with uniform size and distribution are fabricated by tert-butylamine reduction method. Pd or Au surface segregation is induced by simply heating as-prepared Pd3Au1 nanoparticles under CO or Ar atmosphere, respectively. Especially, CO-induced Pd surface segregation allows the alloy nanoparticles to have a Pd-rich surface, which is attributed to the strong CO binding energy of Pd. To demonstrate the change in surface composition of Pd3Au1 alloy catalyst with the annealing gas species, the oxygen reduction reaction performance is investigated and consequently, Pd3Au1 catalyst with the highest number of surface Pd atoms indicates excellent catalytic activity. Therefore, the present work provides insights into the development of metal-based alloys with optimum structures and surface compositions for various catalytic systems.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY TO COMPARE THE SENSORY PROCESSING ABILITIES OF ADULTS WITH MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

( Jerome Anto Prakash ) 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2015 Asia-Pacific Journal of Intellectual Disabilities Vol.2 No.1

The “Life is a sensory experience”(Corem, Porac & Ward 1984). During every moment of our life we experience a whole lot of sensory events. In fact the very experience of being human is imbedded in the sensory events of everyday life. The objective of the study is to identify the sensory processing abilities of adults with Mild Intellectual Disability using sensory profile and to compare the sensory processing abilities of adults with Mild Intellectual Disability. Thirty adults with Mild Intellectual Disability (MID) between the age group of eighteen to thirty five were selected for the study. Adult sensory profile questionnaire developed by Winnie Dunn and Catana E. Brown (2002) were administered. The questionnaire and the five point scoring were explained by the Occupational therapist to the MID adults/Instructors/ Parents and any queries were dully answered. MID adults were encouraged to fill the form completely with assistance. Completed forms were collated for statistical analysis. The duration of the study was one year. Sensory profile manual and Sensory profile questionnaire sheets were used. The score key 1- Almost never, 2- Seldom, 3- Occasionally, 4- Frequently, and 5- Almost always. The study is based on Different subject design involving three conditions. Non-parametric and parametric test were used to analyse the outcome. The result indicates that the sensory processing ability of adults with Mild Intellectual Disability differs in the following items of the sensory profile; Taste/Smell processing, Movement processing, Visual processing, Touch processing, Activity level and Auditory processing. The results were analysed through quadrant grid of the sensory profile. There are four quadrants; quadrant one results indicates low registration, quadrant two results indicates sensation seeking, quadrant three results indicates sensory sensitivity and quadrant four results indicates sensation avoiding. The raw score of each quadrant were compared with the quadrant summary chart of the sensory profile. Identifying and addressing sensory processing problems is an integral part of occupational therapy intervention in adults with MID. Sensory profile is useful in identifying the sensory processing abilities of adults with Mild Intellectual Disability and also contributes to the program planning.

Effective Material Properties of Composite Materials by Using a Numerical Homogenization Approach

Anik Das Anto(아닉 다스 안토),Hee Keun Cho(조희근) 한국기계가공학회 2019 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.18 No.12

Due to their flexible tailoring qualities, composites have become fascinating materials for structural engineers. While the research area of fiber-reinforced composite materials was previously limited to synthetic materials, natural fibers have recently become the primary research focus as the best alternative to artificial fibers. The natural fibers are eco-friendly and relatively cheaper than synthetic fibers. The main concern of current research into natural fiber-reinforced composites is the prediction and enhancement of the effective material properties. In the present work, finite element analysis is used with a numerical homogenization approach to determine the effective material properties of jute fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with various volume fractions of fiber. The finite element analysis results for the jute fiber-reinforced epoxy composite are then compared with several well-known analytical models.

IARC Monographs: 40 Years of Evaluating Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans

Pearce, Neil,Blair, Aaron,Vineis, Paolo,Ahrens, Wolfgang,Andersen, Aage,Anto, Josep M.,Armstrong, Bruce K.,Baccarelli, Andrea A.,Beland, Frederick A.,Berrington, Amy,Bertazzi, Pier Alberto,Birnbaum, L U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ 2015 Environmental health perspectives Vol.123 No.6

<P>Background: Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Programme for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans has been criticized for several of its evaluations, and also for the approach used to perform these evaluations. Some critics have claimed that failures of IARC Working Groups to recognize study weaknesses and biases of Working Group members have led to inappropriate classification of a number of agents as carcinogenic to humans.</P><P>Objectives: The authors of this Commentary are scientists from various disciplines relevant to the identification and hazard evaluation of human carcinogens. We examined criticisms of the IARC classification process to determine the validity of these concerns. Here, we present the results of that examination, review the history of IARC evaluations, and describe how the IARC evaluations are performed.</P><P>Discussion: We concluded that these recent criticisms are unconvincing. The procedures employed by IARC to assemble Working Groups of scientists from the various disciplines and the techniques followed to review the literature and perform hazard assessment of various agents provide a balanced evaluation and an appropriate indication of the weight of the evidence. Some disagreement by individual scientists to some evaluations is not evidence of process failure. The review process has been modified over time and will undoubtedly be altered in the future to improve the process. Any process can in theory be improved, and we would support continued review and improvement of the IARC processes. This does not mean, however, that the current procedures are flawed.</P><P>Conclusions: The IARC Monographs have made, and continue to make, major contributions to the scientific underpinning for societal actions to improve the public’s health.</P><P>Citation: Pearce N, Blair A, Vineis P, Ahrens W, Andersen A, Anto JM, Armstrong BK, Baccarelli AA, Beland FA, Berrington A, Bertazzi PA, Birnbaum LS, Brownson RC, Bucher JR, Cantor KP, Cardis E, Cherrie JW, Christiani DC, Cocco P, Coggon D, Comba P, Demers PA, Dement JM, Douwes J, Eisen EA, Engel LS, Fenske RA, Fleming LE, Fletcher T, Fontham E, Forastiere F, Frentzel-Beyme R, Fritschi L, Gerin M, Goldberg M, Grandjean P, Grimsrud TK, Gustavsson P, Haines A, Hartge P, Hansen J, Hauptmann M, Heederik D, Hemminki K, Hemon D, Hertz-Picciotto I, Hoppin JA, Huff J, Jarvholm B, Kang D, Karagas MR, Kjaerheim K, Kjuus H, Kogevinas M, Kriebel D, Kristensen P, Kromhout H, Laden F, Lebailly P, LeMasters G, Lubin JH, Lynch CF, Lynge E, ‘t Mannetje A, McMichael AJ, McLaughlin JR, Marrett L, Martuzzi M, Merchant JA, Merler E, Merletti F, Miller A, Mirer FE, Monson R, Nordby KC, Olshan AF, Parent ME, Perera FP, Perry MJ, Pesatori AC, Pirastu R, Porta M, Pukkala E, Rice C, Richardson DB, Ritter L, Ritz B, Ronckers CM, Rushton L, Rusiecki JA, Rusyn I, Samet JM, Sandler DP, de Sanjose S, Schernhammer E, Seniori Costantini A, Seixas N, Shy C, Siemiatycki J, Silverman DT, Simonato L, Smith AH, Smith MT, Spinelli JJ, Spitz MR, Stallones L, Stayner LT, Steenland K, Stenzel M, Stewart BW, Stewart PA, Symanski E, Terracini B, Tolbert PE, Vainio H, Vena J, Vermeulen R, Victora CG, Ward EM, Weinberg CR, Weisenburger D, Wesseling C, Weiderpass E, Zahm SH. 2015. IARC Monographs: 40 years of evaluating carcinogenic hazards to humans. Environ Health Perspect 123:507–514; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409149</P>

과학기술연구 총 236억2천500만 유로 투입

안토니오타타,AnTo, Ni-O 한국과학기술단체총연합회 2005 과학과 기술 Vol.38 No.7

Financing Risk in Indonesian Islamic Rural Banks: Do Financing Products Matter?

WIDARJONO, Agus,ANTO, M.B. Hendrie,FAKHRUNNAS, Faaza Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.9

This paper investigates the impact of profit and loss sharing (PLS) contracts on non-performing financing of Islamic rural banks as Islamic small banks focus on small and medium enterprises at province level across country. Our study employs panel data, consisting of 142 Islamic rural banks and using quarterly data from 2013Q1 to 2018Q4, and splits them based on the bank's size and geographical area. Both static and dynamic panel regressions are then applied. The results obviously indicate that a high proportion of profit and loss sharing contracts leads to high financing risk. The large Islamic banks encounter a higher non-performing financing stemming from profit and loss contracts compared to small Islamic banks. Profit and loss contracts also produce higher financing risk for Islamic banks outside Java, as those areas are less developed areas than Java itself. A more efficient Islamic bank is less financing risk. Income diversification lessens the impaired financing and, more particularly, large Islamic banks and Islamic banks located in Java much benefit by diversifying income and financing to lower financing risk. Our study suggests that Islamic rural banks may consider the optimal level of profit and loss sharing contracts to minimize financing risk.