Privacy-Preserving in the Context of Data Mining and Deep Learning

Altalhi, Amjaad,AL-Saedi, Maram,Alsuwat, Hatim,Alsuwat, Emad International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.6

Machine-learning systems have proven their worth in various industries, including healthcare and banking, by assisting in the extraction of valuable inferences. Information in these crucial sectors is traditionally stored in databases distributed across multiple environments, making accessing and extracting data from them a tough job. To this issue, we must add that these data sources contain sensitive information, implying that the data cannot be shared outside of the head. Using cryptographic techniques, Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (PPML) helps solve this challenge, enabling information discovery while maintaining data privacy. In this paper, we talk about how to keep your data mining private. Because Data mining has a wide variety of uses, including business intelligence, medical diagnostic systems, image processing, web search, and scientific discoveries, and we discuss privacy-preserving in deep learning because deep learning (DL) exhibits exceptional exactitude in picture detection, Speech recognition, and natural language processing recognition as when compared to other fields of machine learning so that it detects the existence of any error that may occur to the data or access to systems and add data by unauthorized persons.

Service Innovation Readiness of Health Institutions during COVID-19: A Perspective from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Nadeem AKHTAR,Hassen ALTALHI,Ashfaque AHMED,Fakhar MUSTAFA,Muhammad Asad MERAJ 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.8

The purpose of the research was to explore the factors which affect service innovation in organizations and how the utilization of resources can improve organizational performance, and gain a competitive advantage by adopting numerous innovative practices. This study hypothesizes Service Innovation Readiness (SIR) to consist of Strategic Alignment favoring Service Innovation (SASI) and Empowering Structure for Service Innovation (ESSI), which regulate the organization’s preparedness to adopt service innovation changes. Six dimensions were identified and analyzed to understand their effects on SASI and ESSI. A structured questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale was used to collect data from the selected hospitals of Saudi Arabia. The research results contribute considerably to the subject matter by theorizing SIR and the complex variable settings essential for embracing SI. This research also provides some understanding of the service innovation management dimension through a complete assessment that measures the organization’s readiness and attempts to direct organizations’ efforts to achieve and sustain competitive advantage. The study conducted is unique in the current geographic limits and has explored numerous SI areas of an organization’s readiness to adopt service innovation.

Molecular Screening of Streptomyces Isolates for Antifungal Activity and Family 19 Chitinase Enzymes

Youssuf Gherbawy,Hesham Elhariry,Abdulla Altalhi,Bahig El-Deeb,Ghada Khiralla 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.3

Thirty soil-isolates of Streptomyces were analyzed to determine their antagonism against plant-pathogenic fungi including Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium aristosporum, Colletotrichum gossypii, and Rhizoctonia solani. Seven isolates showed antifungal activity against one or more strain of the tested fungi. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, these isolates were identified as Streptomyces tendae (YH3), S. griseus (YH8), S. variabilis (YH21), S. endus (YH24), S. violaceusniger (YH27A), S. endus (YH27B), and S. griseus (YH27C). The identity percentages ranged from 98 to 100%. Although some isolates belonged to the same species, there were many differences in their cultural and morphological characteristics. Six isolates out of seven showed chitinase activity according to a chitinolytic activity test and on colloidal chitin agar plates. Based on the conserved regions among the family 19 chitinase genes of Streptomyces sp. two primers were used for detection of the chitinase (chiC) gene in the six isolates. A DNA fragment of 1.4 kb was observed only for the isolates YH8, YH27A, and YH27C. In conclusion, six Streptomyces strains with potential chitinolytic activity were identified from the local environment in Taif City, Saudi Arabia. Of these isolates, three belong to family 19 chitinases. To our knowledge, this is the first reported presence of a chiC gene in S. violaceusniger YH27A.

Improved Routing Metrics for Energy Constrained Interconnected Devices in Low-Power and Lossy Networks

Ali Hassan,Saleh Alshomrani,Abdulrahman Altalhi,Syed Ahsan 한국통신학회 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.3

The routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks(RPL) is an internet protocol based routing protocol developed andstandardized by IETF in 2012 to support a wide range of applicationsfor low-power and lossy-networks (LLNs). In LLNs consistingof resource-constrained devices, the energy consumption ofbattery powered sensing devices during network operations cangreatly impact network lifetime. In the case of inefficient route selection,the energy depletion from even a few nodes in the networkcan damage network integrity and reliability by creating holes inthe network. In this paper, a composite energy-aware node metric(RERBDI ) is proposed for RPL; thismetric uses both the residualenergy ratio (RER) of the nodes and their battery discharge index. This composite metric helps avoid overburdening power depletednetwork nodes during packet routing from the source towards thedestination oriented directed acyclic graph root node. Additionally,an objective function is defined for RPL, which combines the nodemetric RERBDI and the expected transmission count (ETX) linkquality metric; this helps to improve the overall network packetdelivery ratio. The COOJA simulator is used to evaluate the performanceof the proposed scheme. The simulations show encouragingresults for the proposed scheme in terms of network lifetime,packet delivery ratio and energy consumption, when compared tothe most popular schemes for RPL like ETX, hop-count and RER.

Chemodosimeter functionalized diatomaceous earth particles for visual detection and removal of trace mercury ions from water

Patil, Pravin,Madhuprasad, Pravin,Bhat, Mahesh P.,Gatti, Manasa G.,Kabiri, Shervin,Altalhi, Tariq,Jung, Ho-Young,Losic, Dusan,Kurkuri, Mahaveer Elsevier 2017 Chemical engineering journal Vol.327 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The rhodamine based receptor, P2 has been developed for the detection of environmentally hazardous Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions with a limit of detection, 1.5×10<SUP>−6</SUP> M. The P2 showed a significant colour change from colourless to pink upon binding with Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions. As a result, a new peak at 533nm was observed in UV–vis spectroscopy which was attributed to spirolactum ring opening followed by through bond energy transfer (TBET). In addition, the presence of other competing cations did not interfere the detection of Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions. Further, P2 has been successfully immobilized onto the naturally available and highly porous diatomaceous earth particles (P2D) for removal of Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions from water. The covalently attached organic molecule in P2D forms complex with Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ion present in the water and thus traps the Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions. Based on this, a proof-of-concept cartridge has been developed for water purification. The cartridge having 450mg of P2D was able to purify 30mL of water containing 1ppm Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions. The efficiency of cartridge could be visualized with a colour change from colourless to pink.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Detection and removal of Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> from water using chemodosimeter P2 were realized. </LI> <LI> P2 has been successfully immobilized onto naturally available diatoms (P2D). </LI> <LI> Organic receptor and hazardous Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions were physically contained in diatoms. </LI> <LI> Eco-friendly cartridge containing P2D was developed for the removal of Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions. </LI> <LI> Device efficiency (time to replace) could be realized through visual colour change. </LI> </UL> </P>

Xerogel modified diatomaceous earth microparticles for controlled drug release studies

Uthappa, U. T.,Sriram, G.,Brahmkhatri, Varsha,Kigga, Madhuprasad,Jung, Ho-Young,Altalhi, Tariq,Neelgund, Gururaj M.,Kurkuri, Mahaveer D. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 New Journal of Chemistry Vol.42 No.14

<P>Naturally available diatomaceous earth (DE) microparticles are ideal candidates for drug delivery due to their excellent features like biocompatibility, non-toxicity, porosity, high surface area and ease of surface modification. On the other hand, they have some limitations, especially in drug delivery applications, such as poor drug loading capacity and a very high initial burst release. In order to address these drawbacks, we have surface modified the diatoms with silica xerogel, which forms a novel hybrid material. The modification process was carried out by a facile sol-gel method, the silica xerogel decorated DE microparticles were extensively characterized by SEM, BET, ATR-IR spectroscopy and XRD in order to confirm the covalent linkage of the new material on the surface of the DE microparticles. The prepared hybrid material DE-XER (xerogel) acts as a pH-sensitive micro drug carrier for diclofenac sodium (DS) drug. The results indicate that surface modification plays a critical role, enhancing the drug loading capacity in comparison with neat DE microparticles, achieving effective controlled release. Furthermore, the obtained drug release data were fitted to the zero order model to understand the drug release mechanism.</P>

Nature engineered diatom biosilica as drug delivery systems

Uthappa, U.T.,Brahmkhatri, Varsha,Sriram, G.,Jung, Ho-Young,Yu, Jingxian,Kurkuri, Nikita,Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.,Altalhi, Tariq,Neelgund, Gururaj M.,Kurkuri, Mahaveer D. Elsevier 2018 Journal of controlled release Vol.281 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Diatoms, unicellular photosynthetic algae covered with siliceous cell wall, are also called frustule. These are the most potential naturally available materials for the development of cost-effective drug delivery systems because of their excellent biocompatibility, high surface area, low cost and ease of surface modification. Mesoporous silica materials such as MCM–41 and SBA–15 have been extensively used in drug delivery area. Their synthesis is challenging, time consuming, requires toxic chemicals and are energy intensive, making the entire process expensive and non-viable. Therefore, it is necessary to explore alternative materials. Surprisingly, nature has provided some exciting materials called diatoms; biosilica is one such a material that can be potentially used as a drug delivery vehicle. The present review focuses on different types of diatom species used in drug delivery with respect to their structural properties, morphology, purification process and surface functionalization. In this review, recent advances along with their limitations as well as the future scope to develop them as potential drug delivery vehicles are discussed.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>