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GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM BLAZARS
TAKAHARA FUMIO The Korean Astronomical Society 1996 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.29 No.suppl1
I discuss implications of gamma-ray emission from blazars based on electron acceleration by shock waves in a relativistic jet. The number spectrum of electrons turns out to be a broken power law; while at low energies the power law index has a universal value of 2, at high energies it steepens to an index of 3 because of strong radiative cooling. This spectrum can basically reproduce the observed spectral break between X-rays and gamma-rays. I show that energetics of relativistic jets can be well explained by this model. I estimate physical quantities of the relativistic jets by comparing the prediction with observations. The results show that the jets are particle dominated and are comprised of electron-positron pairs. A connection between gamma-ray emission and radiation drag is also discussed.
Excitation of Two-Dimensional Optical Waves by Electric Currents in Thin Metal-Gap Structures
Junichi Takahara,Tetsuro Kobayashi,Yuichi Fukasawa 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.1
Lateral light emissions from a thin organic electroluminescent material sandwiched between metal layers are studied experimentally. TM polarized light emission was observed by applying voltage to the metal layers. The polarization mechanism is discussed theoretically and is attributed to the excitation and propagation of two-dimensional optical waves in the four-layered planar waveguide.
( Nana Takahara ),( Manasikan Thammawong ),( Hushna Ara Naznin ),( Kohei Nakano ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
The aim of this study was to explore the optimum temperature treatments for prolonged storage of vegetables avoiding chilling stress. Electrolyte leakage, antioxidant gene expressions and ascorbic acid (AsA) were analyzed in cucumber fruits, stored at different temperature conditions to reveal the relationship between the reversibility of chilling injury (CI) and antioxidant activity. Results showed that electrolyte leakage from cucumber fruit was increased during storage at 2°C, however, it decreased when storage temperature was changed from 2°C to 15°C on 3rd and 6th day of storage, that is, CI was reduced. On the other hand, electrolyte leakage continued to increase, even storage temperature was changed on 9th day of storage; CI was progressed. In addition, the expressions of CsAPX and CsSOD1 were always found increased when the storage temperature was changed at any storage length. Meanwhile, the expression of CsCAT was found increased only when storage temperature was changed on 3rd day of storage and it was reduced in spite of changing of the store temperature on 6th and 9th day of storage. From these observations, antioxidant activity might be accelerated when fruits were moved from low temperature to over the critical temperature for chilling stress, as a result, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was decreased to recover the membrane function leading to the reversibility of chilling injury by 6 days of storage. In addition, expression of CsCAT was reduced when storage temperature was changed after 6th day of storage. However, excessive accumulation of ROS at 9 days caused by long storage at 2°C, the decreasing of CsCAT gene expression and lower production of AsA lead to the irreversibility of chilling injury.
Satoshi Takahara,Seonghee Jeong 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
In this paper, a robotic mobility aid was proposed, which aims at assisting the elderly’s active mobility in a daily life. A prototype of the devices was designed and constructed, and its mechanical structure and control system configuration was described. It consists of a wheeled balancing mobile platform, a 3 D.O.F waist part with a parallel mechanism, and a dual manipulator with 4 D.O.F. The elderly’s physical motions to move, standing-sitting and walking, from such a bed to the other place could be assisted by the device. In addition, it is also capable of assisting a wheelchair driving by using the dual manipulator. The waist part is able to support user’s heavy weight owing to the parallel link mechanism, and to assist user’s motion based on the information from a 6 axis force/torque sensor. Since the wheeled balancing mobile platform with an overturning prevention equipment has a compact structure, a user can easily and safely moves even in a complicated environment. Pitch and roll motions were demonstrated by the distributed control system implemented on the prototype robotic mobility aid.
( Naminatsu Takahara ),( Hiroyuki Isayama ),( Yousuke Nakai ),( Shuntaro Yoshida ),( Tomotaka Saito ),( Suguru Mizuno ),( Hiroshi Yagioka ),( Hirofumi Kogure ),( Osamu Togawa ),( Saburo Matsubara ),( 대한간학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.4
Background/Aims: Endoscopic placement of self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) has emerged as a palliative treatment for malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Although covered SEMSs can prevent tumor ingrowth, frequent migration of covered SEMSs may offset their advantages in preventing tumor ingrowth. Methods: We conducted this multicenter, single-arm, retrospective study at six tertiary referral centers to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a partially covered SEMS with an uncovered large-bore flare at the proximal end as an antimigration system in 41 patients with symptomatic malignant GOO. The primary outcome was clinical success, and the secondary outcomes were technical success, stent dysfunction, adverse events, and survival after stent placement. Results: The technical and clinical success rates were 100% and 95%, respectively. Stent dysfunctions occurred in 17 patients (41%), including stent migration in nine (23%), tumor ingrowth in one (2%), and tumor overgrowth in four (10%). Two patients (5%) developed adverse events: one pancreatitis and one perforation. No procedurerelated death was observed. Conclusions: A novel partially covered SEMS with a large-bore flare proximal end was safe and effective for malignant GOO but failed to prevent stent migration. Further research is warranted to develop a covered SEMS with an optimal antimigration system. (Gut Liver 2017;11:481-488)
Kino, M.,Takahara, F.,Hada, K.,Akiyama, K.,Nagai, H.,Sohn, B. W. IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.803 No.1
<P>We explore the degree of magnetization at the jet base of M87 by using the observational data of the event horizon telescope (EHT) at 230 GHz obtained by Doeleman et al. By utilizing the method in Kino et al., we derive the energy densities of the magnetic fields (U-B) and electrons and positrons (U-+/-) in the compact region detected by EHT (the EHT region) with its FWHM size. 40 mu as. First, we assume that an optically thick region for synchrotron self-absorption (SSA) exists in the EHT. region. Then, we find that the SSA-thick region should not be too large, in order to. not. overproduce the Poynting power at the EHT. region. The allowed ranges of the angular size and the magnetic-field strength of the SSA-thick region are 21 mu as <= theta(thick) <= 26.3 mu as and 50 G <= B-tot <= 124 G, respectively. Correspondingly, U-B >> U-+/- is realized in this case. We further examine the composition of plasma and energy density of protons by utilizing the Faraday rotation measurement at 230 GHz obtained by Kuo et al. Then, we find that U-B >> U-+/- + U-p still holds in the SSA-thick region. Second, we examine the case when the EHT. region is fully SSA-thin. Then, we find that U-B >> U-+/- still holds unless protons are relativistic. Thus, we conclude that the magnetically driven jet scenario in M87 is viable in terms of energetics close to the Innermost Stable Circular Orbit scale unless the EHT. region is fully SSA-thin and relativistic protons dominated.</P>
Nagao, K.,Takahara, Y.,Asai, H.,Hayashi, N.,Kitayama, T.,Yoshimura, Y.,Yokota, H.,Kita, Kazumi Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.8
The effect of dietary fatty acid supplementation on milk production, milk composition and plasma constituents in dairy cows was examined. Dietary fatty acids including mainly palmitic acid and stearic acid were given to cows from 2 weeks before and 8 weeks after parturition. Weekly gain of daily milk production was increased gradually during early lactation period and reached a plateau at 4 weeks after parturition. Weekly gain of daily milk production in lactating cows received dietary fatty acids was significantly higher than that of cows given a control diet alone. Although milk lactose concentration was slightly decreased by dietary fatty acid supplementation, milk fat and protein were not significantly influenced by dietary fatty acid supplementation. Dietary fatty acids did not affect plasma concentrations of triglyceride, non-esterified fatty acids, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose during postpartum. It is suggested that dietary fatty acid supplementation has the potency to enhance energy balance and improve milk yield without any adverse effects on milk composition.
Oyama, Nobuyuki,Takahara, Noriko,Hasegawa, Yoko,Tanase, Kazuya,Miwa, Yoshiji,Akino, Hironobu,Okazawa, Hidehiko,Kudo, Takashi,Fujibayashi, Yasuhisa,Yokoyama, Osamu The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2011 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.45 No.3
Although sunitinib shows a high response rate in patients with untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), quite a few patients show no therapeutic effect. Therefore, it is crucial to distinguish the patients who respond to sunitinib from those who do not as early as possible after the administration of the therapy. We herein report a case of mRCC in which $^{11}C$-acetate (AC) positron emission tomography (PET) showed an early therapeutic effect of sunitinib treatment 4 weeks after its administration.