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Carbonated Lidocaine 에 의한 미추마취의 임상적 평가
조경숙,신양식,김종래,박광원 대한마취과학회 1987 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.20 No.5
Thirty-six adult patients who received caudal anesthesia for perianal surgery were randomly assigned to two grgups. Of these, 15 patients ingroup I were given 1.5 and 2% plain lidocaine in 18 and 7 ml doses, repectively. Twenty·one patients in group 2 were given lidooaine carbonated with 5% NaHCO_3 0.1 ml per 1 ml-lidocaine in the same volume and concentration as in group 1. The time of onset of analgesia for the pin prick and scratch tests was significantly more rapid in group 2(2.04±0.63 and 4,69±1.12 min for the pin prick and scratch tests, respectively) than those in group 1(5.00±1.70 and 9.48±5.40 min for the pin prick and scratch test, respectively). However, the duration of anesthesia in both groups was not significantly different (111.80 ±40.24 and 105.95±45.04 min in group 1 and 2, respectively). The mean pH of the 1.5 and 2% agents used in group 1 was 5.289±0.206 and 5.257±0.193, respectively, while the mean PH of the 1.5 and 2% carbonated lidocaine used in group 2 was 7.004±0.079 and 7 reapectively. The results iridicate that pH-adjusted lidocaine for caudal anesthesia has a more rapid onset than plain lidocaine hut that there is no difference in the length of duration of its effect.
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혐기성 미생물에 의한 toluene과 xylene 분해 특성
조경숙,조원실,류희욱 한국냄새환경학회 2004 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.3 No.2
Six kinds of the microbial consortia were obtained from the enrichment culture using the mixture gases of toluene and xylene as sole carbon sources and sulfate as a final electron acceptor. The degradation rates of the mixture gases by the consortia were determined, and the microbial structure in the consortia were characterized using 16S rDNA PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The enriched consortia could simultaneously degrade toluene and xylene in the mixture gases. The toluene and xylene degradation rates in the mixture gases were 24.6∼49.1 and 2.8∼6.2 μmol L-1 d-1, respectively. Nine clones among 15 clones, isolated from the enriched consortia, were affiliated with the bacteria related to the degradation of hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvent, trichlorobenzene and TCE. These clones are expected to play important roles on the anaerobic degradation of toluene and xylene in the consortium. Toluene과 xylene의 혼합가스를 유일 탄소원으로 하고, sulfate를 최종전자수용체로 공급한 조건에서 농화 배양하여 얻은 6 종류의 미생물 농화배양액의 toluene과 xylene분해 특성을 조사하고 미생물 군집 특성을 분자생물학적 방법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 얻은 농화배양액은 toluene과 xylene을 동시에 분해할 수 있었고, toluene과 xylene 분해속도는 각각 24.6∼49.1 및 2.8∼6.2 μmol L-1 d-1이었다. 농화배양액으로부터 분리한 15개의 clone 중에서 9개의 clone이 탄화수소화합물, 염소계 용매, trichlorobenzene 및 TCE 분해와 관련된 세균들과 유사성이 높은 것으로 동정되었는데, 이들 clone이 toluene 및 xylene 혼합가스의 혐기성 생분해에 관여하고 있을 것으로 사료되었다.
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부정경쟁방지법 제2조 제1호 (가)목에 의거한 가방 형태의 보호와 상품출처 혼동가능성의 판단과 해석
조경숙 한국지식재산학회 2022 産業財産權 Vol.- No.70
본 논문은 가방의 형태를 둘러싸고 부정경쟁방지 및 영업비밀 보호에 관한 법률 제2조 제1호 (가)목 부정경쟁행위의 구성에 요구되는 혼동가 능성의 판단과 해석에 있어 그간의 접근과 차별되는 새로운 관점의 제시 를 목적으로 하였다. 본문에서는 국내 관련 사례를 소개하고 이들 사건 에서 쟁점으로 다루어진 혼동가능성 고려 요인들을 도출하여 고찰하였 다. 주요 논의는 (가)목에 의거하여 보호 가능한 ‘상품표지’에 해당하는 가방의 형태에 대한 개념의 설정과 혼동가능성의 전제로서 표지의 동일· 유사 판단의 기준이 되고 있는 전체적인 인상의 법리 적용의 문제를 포함하였다. 쟁점 관련하여 기존의 사법적 태도와 차별되는 해석의 방향 으로, 가방의 소재와 품질에 대한 이해의 확장과 의도된 용도로서 실사 용 환경에서의 관찰에 따른 혼동가능성 판단의 필요성을 제안하였다. 이 외 상품의 가격요인에 따른 고객층의 특성 및 경합경업 여부에 따른 혼동가능성을 판단함에 있어서 상품을 둘러싼 거래의 실정 및 태양 등의 위조품 시장의 현실을 적극 반영할 것을 지적하고 있다. This study aimed to suggest a direction for judging and interpreting the likelihood of confusion regarding the configuration of bags, which may constitute an act of unfair competition under Article 2, 1 (a) of the Unfair Competition Prevention and Trade Secret Protection Act. Key discussions included the following issues: establishing a concept for bag configuration corresponding to “product mark” that can be protected according to the Article 2, 1 (a), and applying a principle of law to the overall visual impression, which serves as a criterion for judging the identityᆞsimilarity of product mark as a premise of the likelihood of confusion. As a direction of interpretation towards the issue, it was proposed that it is necessary to expand the understanding of the material and quality of bags and to judge the likelihood of confusion based on observations in the actual use environment for intended use. Furthermore, as to making judgments regarding the likelihood of confusion according to the characteristics of the customer base based on the price factors of goods and whether such goods belong to a competitive business, it was pointed out to actively reflect the reality of the counterfeit market, including the status and aspects of transactions involving goods.
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음질을 고려한 환경소음 평가 인자의 기여도분석에 관한 연구
조경숙,조연,황대선,허덕재,Jo Kyoung-Sook,Cho Yeon,Hwang Dae-Sun,Hur Deog-Jae 한국음향학회 2006 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.25 No.3
소음에 대한 인간의 심리적 인지는 소음의 여러 가지 물리적 요인에 의하여 영향을 받는다. 그러나 현재의 환경소음 평가는 A 가중치 등가 소음 수준을 기준으로 평가되고 있으며 인간의 다양한 감성적 요인을 반영하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 환경소음 평가를 위하여 환경소음원 43개에 대하여 주관평가와 통계적 분석방법을 사용하여 인간의 감성에 영향을 주는 음질인자 (Sound quality factor)를 분석하였다. 분석방법은 먼저 다양한 환경소음원에 대한 음질물리량 (Sound quality metrics)을 분석하여 음원을 분류하였으며 분류된 음원의 주된 음질 물리량을 고찰하였다. 그리고 쌍대비교법 (Paired comparisons method)과 어의분별척도법 (Semantic differential method)을 사용하여 주관 평가를 실시하고 음질의 요인을 분석하였으며 물리량과의 관계를 규명하였다. 마지막으로 요인에 대한 물리량의 기여도를 분석함으로써 환경소음의 감성적 인지에 대한 기초 물리량을 설정하였다. For the environmental noise assessments. A weighted equivalent noise level (LeqA) is used to measure the time varying environmental noise. However, it is not appropriately reflect various environmental noise features and human emotions. The human perception of the noise is affected largely by the psychoacoustic characteristics of noise as well as the sound pressure level In this study, the effective factors of noise qualify are analyzed using the subjective assessment and statistical analysis of environmental noise, such as road traffic noise. construction site noise, noise in daily living. and other. The analysis methodology is composed to three steps as follows : firstly, the values of the sound qualify metrics of various noise sources were analyzed. And to classify the noise sources, we conducted a cluster analysis using sound quality metrics. Secondly, subjective jury testing was carried out using the methods of paired comparisons and semantic differential. Finally, the correlation between the subjective parameters and the noise quality metrics were analyzed. As a result. the human perception characteristics of the various environmental noise are described in some physical parameters of the noise qualify metrics.
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조경숙 한국학교보건학회 2016 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.29 No.3
Purpose: This study was performed to analyze the job of school health teachers working at high schools in Seoul, using DACUM (Developing a curriculum), a method for analyzing job-focused competency. Methods: A DACUM workshop was held to define school health teachers' role and identify their duties and tasks. For the workshop, a committee was organized, consisting of 5 school health teachers. Finally, the developed contents, after validation, were made into a survey asking about school health teacher’s duties and tasks and the survey was carried out on 37 school health teachers. Results: 14 duties and 90 tasks were identified on the DACUM chart. The importance, difficulty, and frequency of the tasks were represented with ⍺bet A, B, and C, with A being the highest degree. The duty with the biggest determinant coefficient (DC) was ‘management of emergency patients’ (DC=7.95), while the lowest was ‘management of health clinic supplies’ (DC=4.33). In terms of tasks, the one with the biggest DC was ‘conducting physical assessment for emergency patients’ (DC=7.8), followed by ‘conducting health classes’ (DC=7.79). ‘Supervising school lunch’ (DC=2.02) and ‘supervising self-study’ (DC=2.42) were the tasks with the smallest and the second smallest DC. Conclusion: The results of the study show that school health teachers‘job expanded to include preventive activities such as health education, health counseling, and health promotion activities. The results of this study can serve as basic data for developing training programs for school health teachers as well as an evaluation-scale to measure school health teachers’ job performance.
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