<김현감호>에 나타난 공간양상과 문학적 의미

김현화(Kim, hyun-hwa) 우리말글학회 2022 우리말 글 Vol.92 No.-

<김현감호>의 공간양상은 우선 개방공간과 은닉공간의 배치로 나타난다. 흥륜사라는 복회 공간의 개방성으로 인간과 호랑이의 사랑 이야기가 성사된다. 산중 호랑이 처녀의 집은 ‘천창’의 힘이 작동하는 은닉공간이다. 두 번째 공간양상은 이속공간과 비상(非常)공간의 존치다. 흥륜사는 서라벌의 제도적 속박에서 이탈하고자 한 김현과 종족의 정체성에 회의감이 든 호랑이 처녀의 이탈이 빚어낸 특수한 공간이다. 세 번째 공간양상은 대속공간과 구제공간의 병치다. 호랑이 처녀는 자신의 대속공간을 도성이 아닌 산중으로 이동시킨다. 그에 병치되는 호원사는 애정 실현의 의중을 확고히 하는 구제공간이다. <김현감호>의 공간양상은 두 가지 문학적 의미를 띤다. 첫째는 ‘애정지상주의 서사 주체의 탄생’이라는 의미다. 김현의 창사와 발원을 통하여 애정지상주의는 소설적 문법으로 굳건해지고, 호랑이 처녀의 대속 행위는 범우주적 사랑으로 승화된다. 두 번째는 ‘대칭적 애정 공간의 구현’이란 문학적 의미다. <김현감호>의 애정 공간은 대칭적 세계관을 기반으로 한다. 인간과 이류, 이류의 공간과 인간의 공간이 기울어짐 없이 대등하게 대칭된 애정 공간이다. The spatial form of <Kimhyeongamho> appears first, in the form of arranging open and hidden spaces in sequence. Heungryunsa is an open space for all people to pray for good luck. So, Kimhyun and Tiger could meet and fall in love. The house of the tiger maiden in the mountains is a hidden space where the power of ‘sky or god’ works. The second type of space is the coexistence of ‘space outside of daily life’ and ‘special space’. In the third spatial form, a space for atonement and a space for saving others appear at the same time. The spatial form of <Kimhyeongamho> has two literary meanings. The first is the meaning of ‘the birth of a narrative subject of love supremacy’. The second literary meaning is that the space of affection is transmitted in a symmetrical form.

장대관로를 이용한 소수력 발전량 향상을 위한 설계요소에 관한 연구

김현한(Hyun-Han Kim),김광호(Kwang-Ho Kim) 대한전기학회 2014 전기학회논문지 Vol.63 No.8

Recently the need for renewable energy development is expanding due to the global climate change, the environmental issues and the limited fossil energy resources. Dependence of energy on overseas is high in Korea. To resolve the environmental problems and to improve the energy independence rate, the development of renewable energy is more required. The small hydro power, one of the renewable energy resources, has been developing and operating from a long time ago. If we are new developing a small hydro power with the use existing dams and reservoirs, we will design the length of inlet pipe and the diameter suitable for it. However, in case of using the existing water supply pipe which had been designed suitable for water service, the designer has to review and check that the pipe is suitable for operating a generator. In this paper, the design of small hydro power using the existing long pipe of water supply, we suggest the optimum way to reduce the water hammer in pipe which causes the unsteady flow during the load-shutdown of generator, the generator operation plan for the stable supply of water and the design factor of determining the generator capacity through the analysis between discharge and head-loss.

Effect of engineered surface coatings on uptake, depuration, and in-vivo dissolution of quantum dots by Daphnia magna

Hyun-A Kim(김현아),Byung-Tae Lee(이병태),James F. Ranville 환경독성보건학회 2014 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2014 No.5

카네이션의 보존화 가공 시 글리콜의 처리 효과

김현아(Hyun A Kim),허북구(Buk Gu Heo),유선영(Sun Young Yoo),박윤점(Yun Jum Park),박수민(Su Min Park) 한국원예학회 2010 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2010 No.5

프리저브드 플라워 가공시 몇 가지 양치식물의 글리콜 처리 효과

김현아(Hyun-A Kim),박윤점(Yun-Jum Park),허북구(Buk-Gu Heo),김현주(Hyun-Ju Kim),안정숙(Jung-Suk Ahn) 한국원예학회 2009 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2009 No.10

국내 중대형 인공호에서 외래종인 배스(Micropterus salmoides)의 분포 특성 및 서식지의 이화학적 수질

김현맥 ( Hyun Mac Kim ),길지현 ( Ji Hyon Kil ),이의행 ( Eui Haeng Lee ),안광국 ( Kwang Guk An ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2013 생태와 환경 Vol.46 No.4

The objective of this study was to understand the distribution characteristics of largemouth bass as an exotic species in relation to water chemistry. The survey was conducted in 10 reservoirs in Korea that showed different properties in size, location and eutrophic state. Total number of fish species observed in the artificial reservoirs was 52 (13 family) and the relative abundance of the bass was 13% of the total, which is the third dominant species in the whole sample. The relative abundance of bass was the highest in the Pyungtak reservoir (60%), whereas the Daechung reservoir showed the lowest abundance (only 3%). Although no significance difference statistically were founded in the relationship between bass abundance and water quality parameters. The reservoir trophic state showed some relationships. As result, the higher abundance was observed in hypertrophic reservoirs that located in the esturine regions compared to other large and medium reservoirs classified as meso- or eutrphic state. In conclusion, bass distribution in the reservoir ecosystem cannot be directly explained by water chemistry only but other environmental factors should be considered.

세계화 시대의 의료인을 위한 교육: 횡 국가 역량 교육

김현실 ( Hyun Sil Kim ) 한국노인의료복지학회 2010 노인의료복지연구 Vol.1 No.2

Purpose: Unprecedented migration and the issues surrounding the movement of populations challenges population health. This review article focused on the need to reorient a different dimension of health education in a global context, and the value, principle, and domains of transnational competence (Te) education framework are presented. Method: Research objectives were accomplished by conducting a relevant literature review. Main areas of literature review included globalization, its challenges on health, health educational preparation for ethnically and socially discordant clinical encounters, and transnational competence education. Result: TC education is based on a set of key principles, addresses the framework``s five core skill domains; transnational analytic skills, transnational emotional skills, transnational creative/imaginative skills, transnational communicative facility, and transnational functional adroitness. The advantages of TC-inspired redirection of health education are manifold. First of all, TC preparation will provide the foundation for, facilitate openness to, the development of personal transnational competence in a global health care setting. Conclusions: Consequently, transnational competence preparation will offers a promising avenue for providing health care professionals with a full complement to be a effective care providers in our mobility-upheaval era. However, successful implementation of a TC education requires additional resources and well-controlled research on the effectiveness of TC education.

모의 인접면 치아우식병소의 진단을 위한 구내 표준방사선사진과 그 디지털 영상의 비교

김현,정현대,Kim Hyun,Chung Hyun-Dae 대한영상치의학회 1994 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.24 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of periapical radiographs and their digitized images for the detection of simulated interproximal carious lesions. A total of 240 interproximal surfaces was used in this study. The case sample was composed of 80 anterior teeth, 80 bicuspids and 80 molars which were prepared in order to distribute the surfaces from carious free to those containing simulated carious lesions of varying depths (0.5㎜, 0.8㎜, and 1.2㎜). The periapical radiographs were taken by paralleling technique and film used was Kodak Ektaspeed(E group). All radiographs were evaluated by five dentist to recognize the true status of simulated carious lesion. They were asked to give a score of 0, 1, 2, or 3. Digitized images were obtained using a commercial video processor(FOTOVIX Ⅱ- XS). And the computer system was 486 DX PC with PC Vision and frame grabber. The 17' display monitor had a resolution of 1280×1024 pixels(0.26㎜ dot pitch). But the one frame of the intraoral radiograph has a resolution of 700×480 pixels and each pixel has a grey level value of 256. All the radiographs and digital images were viewed under uniform subdued lighting in the same reading room. After a week the second interpretation was performed in the same condition. The detection of lesions on the monitor was compared with the finding of simulated interproximal carious lesions on the film images. The results were as follows: 1. When the scoring criteria was dichotomous ; lesion present and not present 1) The overall sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of periapical radiographs and their digital images showed no statistically significant difference. 2) The sensitivity and specificity according to the region of teeth and the grade of lesions showed no statistically significant difference between periapical radiographs and their digital images. 2. When estimate the grade of lesions ; score 0, 1, 2, 3 1) The overall diagnostic accuracy was 53.3% on the intraoral films and 52.9% on digital images. There was no significant difference. 2) The diagnostic accuracy according to the region of teeth showed no statistically significant difference between periapical radiographs and their digital images. 3. The degree of agreement and reliability 1) Using gamma value to show the degree of agreement, there was similarity between periapical films and digital images. 2) The reliability of each twice interpretation of periapical films and digital images showed no statistically significant difference. In all cases P value was greater than 0.05, showing that both techniques can be used to detect the incipient and moderate interproximal carious lesions with similar accuracy.

Biphenyl 계 에폭시 / Phenol Novolac 수지 조성물의 화학레올로지 연구

김현용(Hyun Yong Kim),문경식(Kyoung Sik Moon),한승(Seung Han),김진모(Jin Mo Kim),유제홍(Je Hong Ryu),윤호규(Ho Gyu Yoon) 한국고분자학회 1999 폴리머 Vol.23 No.1

Isoproterenol 투여로 유발된 심근세포 손상에 미치는 diltiazem의 영향

김현,장대영,라봉진,김호덕,Kim, Hyun,Chang, Dae-Yung,Rah, Bpng-Jin,Kim, Ho-Dirk 한국현미경학회 1997 Applied microscopy Vol.27 No.2

It has been demonstrated that majority of cells in the mammalian body such as myocytes and epithelial cells of skin and intestine respond to mechanical force or environmental factors and exhibit partial disruption of cell membrane, i. e., cell wounding, even in a physiological condition. Myocardial cells are rather apt to be wounded than other cells since they are definitely exposed to mechanical stress by contraction-relaxation and blood flow. However, the mechanism how myocardial cells protect themselves against cell wounding is not yet clarified. On this background, the present study was performed to elucidate whether albumin leakage is related to cell wounding and to assess whether diltiazem, a potent calcium channel blocker, is beneficial in isoproterenol-induced cell wounding in the heart. Hearts isolated from New Zealand White rabbits ($1.5\sim2.0kg$ body weight, n=20) were perfused with Tyrode solution by Langendorff technique. After stabilization of baseline hemodynamics, the hearts were subjected to bolus administration of isoproterenol and diltiazem as following order: $1.6{\mu}M$ isoproterenol at zero min (the beginning point): $16{\mu}M$ diltiazem at 20min; $1.6{\mu}M$ isoproterenol at 25min; $16{\mu}M$ isoproterenol at 45 min; $160{\mu}M$ diltiazem at 65 min; $16{\mu}M$ isoproterenol at 70 min. During all experiments, the left ventricular function was recorded, albumin leakage in the coronary effluents was analyzed by electrophoresis and Western blot, and myocardial cell membranes were examined by conventional transmission electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by t-test and linear regression test. Isoproterenol significantly increased the inotropic and chronotropic contractions, coronary flow, and frequency of arrhythmia, however, diltiazem did not influence on hemodynamics except decrease in the frequency of arrhythmia and a slight decrease in contractility. Isoproterenol also resulted partial disruption of myocardial cell membrane and inclose in albumin leakage, while diltiazem pretreatment showed number of electron-dense plaques in the cell membrane and a tendency of decrease in albumin leakage. These results indicate that albumin leakage may be an indirect index of cell wounding in the heart and diltiazem nay be beneficial to protect myocardial cells against isoproterenol-induced cell wounding. It is likely that diltiazem promotes resealing process of the cell membrane.