체외수정 후 태반단백들을 이용한 초기임신의 예후 추정

김학순,문신용,장윤석,Kim, Hak-Soon,Moon, Shin-Yong,Chang, Yoon-Seok 대한생식의학회 1990 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.17 No.1

Maternal serum ${\beta}$-specific human chorionic gonadotropin(${\beta}$-hCG) and pregnancy-specific ${\beta}_1$-glycoprotein($SP_1$) levels were determined more than one per week during 11-41 days post embryo transfer(ET) in 21 consecutive pregnancies after in vitro fertilization(IVF), which included 8 normal singleton pregnancies, 3 twin pregnancies, 4 clinical abortions, 1 ectopic pregnancy, and 5 preclinical abortions. The sensitivity of serum ${\beta}$-hCG and $SP_1$ radioimmunoassays was 3mIU/ml and 0.7ng/ml relatively. At the 7th to 8th week of gestation, ultrasonographic confirmation of fetal pole and fetal heartbeat was performed. Both serm ${\beta}$-hCG and $SP_1$ levels showed logarithmic increase, but log[$SP_1$] had more steep rising curve and had wider variation than log[${\beta}$-hCG] in normal singleton pregnancies. In 3 twin pregnancies and one ectopic pregnancy, both serum ${\beta}$-hCG and $SP_1$ levels located within the 95% confidence interval of the mean levels of 8 normal singleton pregnancies(normal range). In 2 clinical abortions which had a fetal pole without heartbeat, serum ${\beta}$-hCG level showed lower limit of the normal range or just below, but all $SP_1$ levels showed within the normal range. In other 2 clinical abortions which were diagnosed as blighted ovum, both serum ${\beta}$-hCG levels from 11 days post-ET and serum $SP_1$ levels from later days compared with ${\beta}$-hCG were below the normal range. In 5 preclinical abortions, serum $SP_1$ levels were within the normal range but serum ${\beta}$-hCG levels were far below the normal range. In conclusion, both serum ${\beta}$-hCG and $SP_1$ levels increased exponentially with similar pattern in normally conceived pregancy after IVF-ET. Both serum ${\beta}$-hCG and $SP_1$ levels could predict outcome of early pregnancy to a certain degree, but log[${\beta}$-hCG] levels had more significant correlation with outcome of pregnancy compared with log[$SP_1$] levels. In addition, ultrasonographic examination of fetal poles and fetal heartbeats gives very important clinical information and prognosis.

Diosgenin 유도체 합성과 진통 및 항고지혈 효과

김학순,마은숙,Kim, Hak-Soon,Ma, Eun-Sook 대한약학회 2007 약학회지 Vol.51 No.1

Twelve epoxy and hydroxydiosgenin derivatives (DI-1${\sim}$DI-12) were synthesized from diosgenin (25(R)-5-spirosten-3${\beta}$-ol). Diosgenin was epoxidized with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) to oxidize 25(R)-4${\alpha}$,5${\alpha}$-epoxyspirostane (DI-1). Diosgenin was reacted with DDQ to form 25(R)-1,4,6-spirostatrien-3-one (DI-2), which was treated with 30% H$_2$O$_2$ to give 25(R)-1${\alpha}$,2${\alpha}$-epoxy-4,6-spirostadien-3-one (DI-3) and treated with mCPBA to form 25(R)-6${\alpha}$,7${\alpha}$-epoxy-1,4-spirostadien-3-one (DI-7), respectively. DI-3 was reduced with NaBH$_4$ to afford 25(R) -1${\alpha}$,2 ${\alpha}$-epoxy-4,6-spirostadien-3${\beta}$-ol(DI-4) and reacted with Li metal in absolute ethanol to form 25(R)-2-ethoxy-1,4,6-spirostatrien-3-one (DI-5). DI-7 was reduced with NaBH$_4$ to produce 25(R)-3${\beta}$,7${\alpha}$-dihydroxy-4-spirostene (DI-8) and treated with Li metal in liquid ammonia to produce 25(R)-7${\alpha}$-hydroxy-4-spirosten-3-one (DI-9). DI-2 was reduced with NaBH$_4$ to form 25(R) -4,6-spirestadien-3${\beta}$-ol(DI-10), which was stirred with 30% H$_2$O$_2$ to synthesize 25(R)-4,6-spirostadien-3-one (DI-11) and reacted with mCPBA to give 25(R)-4${\beta}$,5${\beta}$ -epoxy-6-spirosten-3${\beta}$-ol (DI-12), respectively. The antinociceptive effects of synthesiz ed compounds were measured by hot plate method and compound DI-7 signifcantly exhibited antinociceptive effect. DI-2 decreased the serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in poloxamer P-407 injected rat.

선천성 자궁기형 환자의 생식력에 관한 고찰

김학순,김정구,문신용,이진용,장윤석,Kim, Hak-Soon,Kim, Jung-Gu,Moon, Shin-Yong,Lee, Jin-Yong,Chang, Yoon-Seok 대한생식의학회 1986 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.13 No.2

A reveiw of 85 patients with uterine anomalies was made in respect to the incidence, chief complaints, the reason of infertility, fetal wastage rate, pregnancy complications, fetal presentations and obstetric outcome after metroplasty from 1980 to 1985. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Incidence of uterine anomaly was 0.18% among all outpatients (85/48,240). 2. Of the 85 patients, there were 36 with bicornuate deformities (42.3%), 21 septate (24.7%), 18 uterus didelphys (21.2%), 8 arcuate (9.4%) and 2 patients with unicornuate anomalies (2.4%). 3. Uterine anomalies were diagnosed by hysterosalpingogram (54.1%), pelvic examination (14.2%) and other operative procedures. 4. Chief complaints were primary infertility (41.2%), secondary infertility (15.3%), repeated pregnancy loss (12.9%), antenatal care (11.8%) and menstural disturbance (10.6%), etc. 5. Twenty-nine patients with uterine anomalies had primary infertility. The cause of infertility was proved nonuterine in 26 cases and remained unknown in 3 cases. 6. The obstetric outcome of 104 pregnancies was spontaneous abortion in 51.0%, premature delivery in 11.50/0 and fetal loss in 57.7%. 7. Complications of 41 present pregnancies were threatened abortion (22%), premature rupture of membrane (12%) and premature labor (10%), etc. The frequency of abnormal presentation was 35.3% and 64.7% of deliveries was made by Cesarian section. 8. Metroplasty was performed in 13 patients who didn't have a baby because of repeated miscarriage and unknown cause of infertility. Subsequently 8 patients had 9 successful pregnancies: 6 patients had 7 healthy babies and 2 patients are now in pregnancy without any complications.

과배란유도후 배란직전 난포의 초음파검사 소견과 성숙난자 획득간의 상관관계에 관한 연구

김학순,신창재,김정구,문신용,이진용,장윤석,Kim, Hak-Soon,Shin, Chang-Jae,Kim, Jung-Gu,Moon, Shin-Yong,Lee, Jin-Yong,Chang, Yoon-Seok 대한생식의학회 1988 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.15 No.1

The intrafo1licular echoes of cumulus oophoruses within ovarian follicles were assessed with the use of ultrasound in 86 women taking part in an in vitro fertilization(IVF) or gamete intrafallopian transfer(GIFT) program, stimulated with pure follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)/human menopausal gonadotropin(hMG)/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). When intrafo1licular echoes were clearly separated from the follicular wall or relatively dispersed within the follicle, they were considered to be a dissociated cumulus, and when they were only slightly prominent from the follicular wall, they were suspected to be a nondissociated cumulus. A cumulus was seen in 62.1% of the follicles larger than 10 mm diameter and 75.1% of them were dissociated. The larger the follicles in size, the more the cumuluses in number and dissociation. The number of follicles and intrafollicular echoes per woman was not different whether or not she would be pregnant, but the number of dissociated cumuluses was significantly more in pregnant women. The number of observed dissociated cumuluses correlated significantly with the number of recovered mature oocytes. When an intrafollicular echo is seen, it can be taken as evidence of a sign of maturity of that particular follicle and oocyte. Ultrasonographic monitoring of intrafollicular echoes and follicular size is very helpful to predict follicular maturation in ovulation stimulation cycles.

Androstane과 Cholestane 유도체의 진통, 소염 및 항고지혈 효과

김학순,마은숙,Kim, Hak-Soon,Ma, Eun-Sook 대한약학회 2007 약학회지 Vol.51 No.6

Seven epoxy- and hydroxyandrostane derivatives ($DH-1{\sim}DH-7$) and nine epoxy- and hydroxycholestane derivatives ($CH-1{\sim}CH-9$) with unsaturation in ring A and ring B were synthesized from DHEA and cholesterol, respectively. The antinociceptive effects of all synthesized compounds were measured by hot plate method. Most of androstane derivatives except $1{\alpha},2{\alpha}$-epoxy-4,6-androstadiene-3,17-dione (DH-3), and CH-6, CH-7 and CH-9 exhibited antinociceptive effect. 1,4-Androstadiene-$3{\beta},17{\beta}$-diol (DH-5, 100 mg/kg, $35.8{\pm}7.39$), $6{\alpha},7{\alpha}$-epoxy-1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (DH-4, 100 mg/kg, $32.6{\pm}5.50$) and $5{\alpha},6{\alpha}$-epoxy-17-oxo-androstan-$3{\beta}$-ol (DH-1, 100 mg/kg, $32.5{\pm}2.98$) were more effective than morphine (10 mg/kg, $30.6{\pm}0.5$). The analgesic effects of androstane derivatives on acetic acid writhing in mice were lower than aspirin. The androstane derivatives were less effective than ibuprofen at inhibiting effects on the carrageenin induced paw oedema. 4,6-Cholestadien-$3{\beta}$-ol (CH-5), $1{\alpha},2{\alpha}$-epoxy-4,6-cholestadien-$3{\beta}$-ol (CH-7) and $7{\alpha}$-hydroxy4-cholesten-3-one (CH-9) showed the decrease of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in poloxamer P-407 injected rat.

오리엔탈리즘을 모티브로 한 핸드페인팅과 젤 혼용 네일 테크닉

김학순(Hak Soon Kim),안종숙(Jong Suk An) 한국디자인문화학회 2013 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.19 No.4

네일 산업의 발달과 성장 속에서 소비자의 욕구는 젤 네일과 핸드페인팅 분야에 집중되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소비자의 욕구를 만족 시키는 새로운 개념의 네일아트 테크닉으로 젤과 핸드페인팅 혼용 테크닉을제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이론적 배경에서는 ‘네일 케어 실무’, ‘세계 문양의역사’ 등의 단행본, 논문을 포함한 출판물 등의 문헌조사, 인터넷을 이용한 테이터 검색 등을 통해 네일아트 테크닉 중 젤 네일과 핸드페인팅을 정리하였고 모티브의 소재가 된 오리엔탈리즘은 중동, 인도, 중국, 일본으로 구분하여 정리하였다. 혼용 네일 테크닉 연구에서는 모티브의 특징을 파악하고 그 것을 토대로 일러스트레이션을 하였고 주조색을 도출하여 핸드페인팅 디자인으로 완성 하였다. 연구의 순서는 혼용 테크닉의 전처리와 핸드페인팅디자인 완성 그리고 혼용 테크닉 마무리 부분으로 3단계로 나누어 연구 되었다. 본 연구는 혼용 테크닉을 도식화하여 제시하고 디자인의 방향과 테크닉의 순서를 결론 부분에 정리하여 마무리 하였다. 그리고 그 것을 토대로 네일아트현장에서의 접근성과 서비스의 다양화에 밑거름이 되기를 희망하였다. 허나 젤과 핸드페인팅만을 혼용 테크닉으로 제시한 것에 한계점이 있으며 다른 혼용 테크닉에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요 하겠다. The need of customers is concentrated in mixedgel nail and hand painting area with development andgrowth of nail industry. The purpose of this study isto suggest the mixed technics with gel and handpainting as a technic of new concept in nail art. Gel nail and Hand painting is arranged in the nailart technique, through separate books of ``Nail CarePractice``, ``The Grammar of Ornament`` and so on, documentary survey of publications including paper, data searching with Internet As theoretical background. Orientalism, which is a material of motif is classifiedand arranged to Middle Asia, India, China and Japan. Charateristics of motif is apprehended and is madeillustration with and is completed as hand paintingdesign by deduction of dominance color in the mixednail technique. Turns of research are divided andstudied as 3 steps, which are pre-treatment of mixedtechnique, design complete of hand painting, and finalpart of mixed technique. This study want to be suggested by displayingdiagram, and finalized design direction & techniqueorder by arranging in the conclusion part. and want tobe foundation of the service variety and theapproachability in the nail art workshop by utilizing thisstudy. But, there are limits to suggest only gel and handpainting as mixed technic, continuous study to anothermixed technic will be needed as well.

IPMSM의 집중권 분포권에 따른 열 특성 비교

김학순(Hak-Soon Kim ),진준우(Jun-Woo Chin),박호용(Ho-Yong Park),홍정표(Jung-Pyo Hong) 대한전기학회 2017 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.7

닉 브룸필드(Nick Broomfield)의 다큐멘터리영화방법론 고찰

김학순(Kim Hak Soon),이기중(Lee Ki Jung) 한국영화학회 2008 영화연구 Vol.0 No.38

Nick Broomfield is a well-known docwnentary filmmaker in the world as well as in the United Kingdom. His documentaries are characterized by fearlessness, social satire, black humor and creepy characters living in the margins of society. Especially, Broomfield's latest films are very reflexive and can also be categorized as a 'participatory mode'. The paper begins with a brief review of Nick Broomfield's background. Secondly, it explores the concept of reflexivity in the documentary film. Thirdly, it briefly explains a participatory mode and poetics of interview in the documentary film. And then it overviews broadly Nick Broomfiled's methodology for documentary film-making in special reference to reflexivity and participatory mode. The latter part of the paper focuses on Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer as a text and critically analyzes the textual components and contents. According to Broomfield, Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer is the most personal film to date. In Aileen, the filmmker is a main part of the film and his presence becomes main structure of the story. The intrusion of him into the situation affects and alters that situation. Broomfield insists that it is more honest to make his presence in front of the camera rather than to stay behind the camera. He thinks that the interaction between the film-maker and those being filmed is important. He also reveals the process of his pursuing the truth in the film and filmmaking itself in Aileen so that the audience understands it. In this way, his film is reflexive as well as participatory.

자간전증 환자에서 혈청요산치의 임상적 의의

김학순(HS Kim),정은화(EH Jeong),안치석(CS Ahn) 대한산부인과학회 1995 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.38 No.5

1992년 4월부터 1994년 3월까지 충북대학교병원 산부인과에 입원한 자간전증 환자 48예와 임신주수 및 연령이 비슷하고 혈압이 정상인 35례를 대상으로 분만전 혈액의 생화학적 검사 와 출생시 태아체중과의 상호관계를 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 환자군의 혈청요산, 혈중 뇨소질소, 혈청 크레아티닌 등 신기능의 지표가 정상군에 비해 의미있게 높았다. (p<0.05). 그러나 산모의 연령이나 체중증가와는 이들 신기능의 차이는 연 관성이 없었다. 2. 혈청 크레아티닌은 임신주수에 따른 차이가 없었으나, 혈중 뇨소질소와 혈청요산은 환자 군에서 임신이 진행될수록 유의하게 감소하는 추세를 보였다. 3. 정상군에서는 혈청요산의 증가에 따른 혈중 뇨소질소 및 혈청 크레아티닌의 차이가 없는 반면 환자군에서는 혈청요산의 증가에 따른 혈중 뇨소질소 및 혈청 크레아티닌이 유의하게 증가하였고, 임상증상이 심할수록 혈청요산은 유의하게 높았다. 4. 혈청요산이 높을수록 출생체중은 유의하게 감소하는 상관관계를 보여주었고, 환자군의 출 생체중이 정상군의 출생체중에 비해 유의하게 적었다. 5. 1분 Apgar 점수, 태변착색, 신생아중환자실 입원 등을 비교하였을 때 환자군이 정상군에 비해 태아 예후가 불량하였으나, 혈청요산의 증가와 상기태아 예후와는 연관성이 없었다. 6. 혈청 요산농도는 5.0mg/dl을 기준으로 하였을 때 불량한 임신예후를 예측하는 감수성은 88%, 특이성은 71%, 양성예측 81%, 음성예측 81%로 비교적 높은 진단율을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 자간전증 환자의 혈청요산은 임신예후를 예측하는 유용한 자료로 이용될 수 있 을 것으로 여겨지며, 임신주수에 따른 혈청요산의 정상치 설정과 이에 따른 자간전증의 조 기진단 및 태아 예후의 예측가능성에 대해 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Maternal serum uric acid levels were studied in 35 normal pregnancies and 48 cases of preeclampsia. Serum uric acid levels were markedly elevated in preeclampsia compared with normal pregnancy. BUN and serum creatinine were positively correlated with serum uric acid in preeclaptic patients . Birthweight and gestational age were significantly correlated with serum uric acid. These observarions suggest that serum uric acid levels reliably predict perinatal outcomes in preeclamptic pregnancies.

3차원 유한요소해석을 이용한 축 방항자속 Halbach배열 영구자석 커플링의 최적설계

김학순(Hak-soon Kim),박종현(Jong-Hyun Park),이웅희(Ung-Hee Lee),이훈기(Hoon-Ki Lee),최장영(Jang-Young Choi) 대한전기학회 2016 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.7