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유건 대한내과학회 1988 대한내과학회지 Vol.35 No.1
Controlled studies have shown that plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccines are highly effective in providing protection against hepatitis B virus infection, Protection is virtually complete for up to two years in those who respond to the vaccine. There are two remaining major questions relating to the use of the hepatitis B vaccine: How long the protection will last and when the booster doses of vaccine should be given. In this study, the author examined 32 Korean hospital personnel (nurses and aid-nurses of Paik Hospital, Seoul) for 52 months after the first vaccination (Hevac-B Pasteur, at 0,1,2 month, and booster at 14 month) to assess the long-term immunogenicity of the hepatitis B vaccine. The results were as follows: 1) Among the 32 participants, anti-HBs was positive in 30(93.8%). Twenty-seven participants (84.4%) had anti-HBs levels above 10 Sample Ratio Unit (S.R.U.), and 23(71.S%) had levels above 100 S.R.U, 52 months after the first vaccination (38 months after the booster). 2) Anti-HBs had fallen below 10 S.R,U. in 5(15.6%), and had become negative in 2 of 32 participants(6.3%) 38 months after the booster, The persistence of the protective antibody was directly related to the level of anti-HBs 6 months after the booster. 3) The percent decrease in the geometric mean titer of anti-HBs 38 months after the booster was 38.6% compared with the value 6 months after the booster. The titers of anti-HBs decreased in most of the participants, but increased in 3 of 32 participants (9.4%) (Natural booster effect) 38 months after the booster compared with that of 6 months after. 4) None of the participants converted to HBsAg and anti-HBc positive, or showed clinical symptoms of hepatitis. The results suggest that booster doses after 5 years may not be an economic and effective strategy because Korea is an endemic area of hepatitis B infection. The possible need for booster doses after longer intervals than 5 years will be assessed when additional information becomes available.
B형 간염 표면항체 검사에 있어서 방사면역 측정법과 수동혈구 응집법의 비교 : B형 간염 백신 접종자들을 대상으로 HBs-in Hepatitis B Vaccinees
유건 대한내과학회 1987 대한내과학회지 Vol.32 No.2
Several methods are known for detecting antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). Among them, passive hemagglutination (PHA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) are now used most frequently for measurement of anti-HBs in serum, especially in Korea. Between them, RIA is more sensitive and specific than PHA, but more expensive, complex and requires the availability of a gamma counter. The sensitivity and specificity of PHA falls somewhat short of RIA, it has the advantage in terms of its methodology and its expenses. The technique of RIA is best employed in case the more precise determination of anti-HBs is required, for instance, for the etiological diagnosis of viral hepatitis or for the follow-up of acute B viral hepatitis, Because it is less expensive and simpler to perform, PHA is widely applied for large scale-screening or under the circumstances where economic and technical conditions do not allow the use of RIA. Korea is the endemic area of hepatitis B, and recently hepatitis B vaccination is being conducted nationwide. Therefore, the frequency with which these test is to be performed for the detection of anti-HBs is extremely high. For the purpose of comparing two different detecting methods, PHA and RIA, with respect to anti-HBs in the vaccinated individuals, the author determined anti-HBs by both PHA and RIA simultaneously in one hundred and eleven Korean hospital personnel (nurses and nurse-aids of Paik Hospital, Seoul) who had been previously vaccinated with Hevac-B Pasteur (Institut Pasteur). Results were as follows: 1) Anti-HBs was positive in 110 of 111 subjects by RIA. Among these 110 RIA-positive subjects, positive rate by PHA was 92.7% (102 subjects), and false negative rate 7.3% (8 subjects). Of the 106 subjects with the titers equal to or more than 10 sample ratio units (SRU) by RIA the figure which is considered to bestow immunity, the false negative rate was 4.7% (5 subjects) by PHA. 2) Most of the PHA-false negative subjects were among the subjects with the titers less than 50 SRU by RIA. In half the subjects with titers in the range of 10 to 49. 9 SRU the PHA was positive, The PHA positivity and the specific values of RIA titers showed no significant correlations. To summarize, it is preferable to test the status of the anti-HBs in the vaccinated individuals by PHA, which is more economical and easy to perform even in an inadequately equipped institutions.
Comparative Study on Adsorptive Characteristics of Diazinon in Water by Various Adsorbents
유건상,Sun Young Jung,Hun Sim,최종하 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.9
The aim of the present study is to explore the possibility of utilizing fly ash and loess, as alternative to activated carbon, for the adsorption of diazinon in water. Batch adsorption experiment was performed to evaluate the influences of various factors like initial concentration, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of diazinon. The adsorption data shows that fly ash is not effective for the adsorption of diazinon. The equilibrium data for both activated carbon and loess were fitted well to the Freundlich isotherm model. The pseudo-secondorder kinetic model appeared to be the better-fitting model because it has higher R2 compared to the pseudofirst- order kinetic model. The thermodynamic parameters such as free energy (ΔG), the enthalpy (ΔH) and the entropy (ΔS) were calculated. Contrary to loess, the ΔG values of activated carbon were negative at the studied temperatures. It indicates that the adsorption of diazinon by activated carbon is a favorable and spontaneous process. The positive ΔH values of activated carbon and loess suggest that the diazinon adsorption process is endothermic in nature. In addition, the positive ΔS values show that increased randomness occurs at the solid/ solution surface during the adsorption of diazinon.
Treatment of PCB-Laden Transformer Oil with Polyethylene Glycols and Alkaline Hydroxide
유건상,최종하,홍용표 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.4
The direct disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in transformer oil by polyethylene glycols (PEGs) under basic condition is reported. The transformer oil containing PCBs was treated by the required amounts of PEGs and potassium hydroxide (KOH) for different reaction times and temperatures. Complete reaction produces aryl PEGs, which are the products of nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The relative efficiencies of the PCB treatment process were assessed in terms of destruction and removal efficiency (DRE, %). At the experimental conditions of 100 °C and 7 h, 125 °C and 3 h, and 150 °C and 1 h, average DREs of PCBs better than 99.9999% were attained. In studying the chemical reaction of PCBs with PEG/KOH, it was confirmed that the process led to less chlorinated PCBs through a stepwise process with the successive elimination of chlorines. Particularly, the least chlorinated PCBs such as mono- and di-PCBs were not produced in our study. Furthermore, the treated transformer oil can be reused through simple segregating procedures.
유건성(Geon Sung Yoo),변재훈(Jae Hoon Byeon) 한국체육교육학회 2009 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.14 No.1
The purpose of this study was self-identity of individuals with physical disabilities participating in physical activity. Subjects included 198(male: 143 female: 58) with individuals with physical disabilities. The questionnaire that was developed by Park Ah-Chung(1996) was used self-identity scale of Korean. It was revised by Lee Sung-Guk(1999) which consisted of 6 factors, 48 items. Construct validity of the instrument was checked by Factor analysis. Reliability of questions was confirmed by Cronbach`s α value(.783). The data analysis were Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows; First, job and incomes had significant effects on self-identity of individuals with physical disabilities. Second, physical instructors, mass media, and friends had significant effects on self-identity of individuals with physical disabilities. Third, physical activity period, group exercise, and athletes with disabilities had significant effects on self-identity of individuals with physical disabilities. Fourth, high understanding of disability traits significant difference than low understanding of disabilities traits on self-identity of individuals with physical disabilities. These results implied that individuals with physical disabilities participation in physical activity had significant effects on their self-identity according to socio-demographic variables, significant other, type of physical activity, participation type of physical activity, and understanding of disability traits.