종교의 물질적 표상(表象)에 나타난 빛의 상징적 표현 연구

최단하(Choi, Dan-Ha) 한국조형디자인학회 2009 조형디자인연구 Vol.12 No.1

Through light, humans recognize an object and perceive the ultimate truth as well as the highest power. This is a universal perception across the world throughout the time. Light is so precious in that it can renews not only physical darkness but also mental glooms. From today’s perspective, light is a target of scientific research. A long journey of exploration on light, however, started from philosophy. In the western philosophy, the symbolic meaning of light is presented well in the idea that God is light and all sacred things are revealed to us through light. The meaning of light has been presented in various manners in the attempts to interpret the world philosophically as well as in creating religious symbols. For instance, ‘Idea’ by Platon and ‘Emanation by the One’ of the Plotinus theory both were symbolized as light. In 313, the Edict of Milano by Constantine the Great allowed a freedom of religion and as a result, there appeared sacred places to carry out religious rituals. During the time, Saint Augustine established the Christianity theory as a religion of light where Idea is another name of the world of God; the light of the One in the Plotinus theory is the light given by Demiurge; and ‘purification of soul’ is salvation. The Middle Ages witnessed the blossom of ‘the art of light’ and ‘the construction of light’called as the era of light. For a thousand years, from 5 Century to 15 Century before the advent of Renaissance, the religious art based on Christianity had prospered, taking a deep root in the Western culture and art. The concept of “beauty” had dramatically influenced by the Plotinus theory during the medieval times. In the ancient Greece, the standard of “beauty” was on a beautiful “shape” with a perception that the more beautiful shapes are, the more essence of beauty is augmented. On the other hand, in the Middle Ages, beauty was thought to be in the light coming from God, i. e. emanation by the One, and thus more emphasis were put on color and light. Against the backdrop, artists in the Middle Ages struggled to express invisible and transcendent light in a visible form. They used glittering material such as gold, silver, jewel or glass as well as natural light or candles in order to symbolize super-sensual light coming from God. Super-sensual light was able to be symbolized as physical objects in various religious constructions. According to construction styles, the way of expressing light and impacts thereof differ while the meaning that light symbolizes is universal. Light physically comes inside a construction through skylight windows. Expressing light through a window has been the most popular way throughout the history. People in the Middle Ages tried to resolve structural problems of construction to open a skylight window and as a result, they created the Gothic style which is an artistic culmination of the time. In addition, stained glass, which manipulates light by its colors, had been developed. Light coming out of stained glasses greatly expresses a sense of magnitude and sacredness; and became an essential component in religious constructions of the Middle Ages. In the modern world, religion and the art have their own independent areas. But, in the pursuit of essence, religion tries to symbolize its spirituality through the art while the spirit of the art pursues a transcendent world like religion. In that sense, religion and the art can be united. Various cultures around the world have put special symbolic meanings on light. Christianity symbolizes light as good while darkness as bad. Louis Kahn presented new interpretation on light and silence. In addition, in the Dangun mythology, light stands for new world. There is, however, one common thing shared by all cultures throughout the time. That is, a symbolic meanings of light represented through physical symbol impose a meaning on spiritual and essential light.

채권자평등의 원칙에 대한 재고

최단비(Choi Dan Bie) 충북대학교 법학연구소 2018 法學硏究 Vol.29 No.1

Korean Civil Execution Act, Debtor Rehabilitation and Bankruptcy Act and obligee s right of revocation in 407 of Civil Act adopt the idea of equality of creditors. However, the idea of equality of creditors are empty in the process of practice. In the process of bankruptcy, there are several creditors who have priority such as a creditor who has a priority claim by the relevant act. However, the real problem is that the debtor’s ability to assume its executory contract to the creditor can be functioned as a hidden priority—a “secret lien”—confounding the bondholders’ expectations. The priority claim made by the financing after bankruptcy also has same problem. In this regard, the idea of equality of creditors became empty and have not been functioned properly anymore. In the obligee s right of revocation in 407 of Civil Act, the Act adopts the idea of equality of creditors. Whereas, the Supreme court decided that the creditor who get the right to execute can has a priority to be paid by implementing offset. The idea of equality of creditors in the obligee s right of revocation cannot be functioned. In this regards, the proposal which the priority rule should be adopted will be present based on the comparison between priority rule and equality rule. For this, the ideas of equality of creditors in the various Korean Acts and pro and cons between priority rule and equality rule are reviewed. Afterwards, the issues which are against to the idea of equality of creditors in the bankruptcy process and obligee s right of revocation are reviewed and the function of idea of equality of creditors will be reconsidered.

사회적 약자를 위한 공공데이터 통합 및 분석 방법 사례 연구

최단비(Danbi Choi),김예원(Yewon Kim),김장원(Jangwon Gim) 한국정보기술학회 2021 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2021 No.6

최근 다양한 공공데이터가 공유 및 활용되어 이를 활용한 서비스들이 급증하고 있다. 그렇지만 많은 수의 공공데이터가 공개된 것에 비하여 공공데이터의 연계를 통한 서비스 또는 지역별 특징을 반영한 정책 등을 위한 공공데이터의 활용이 다소 미흡하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 공공데이터를 이용하여 사회적 약자 지원을 위한 서비스를 제안한다. 이를 위해 각 지역의 공공데이터를 수집, 통합 및 분석하고 사회적 약자를 지원하는 서비스의 빈도를 고려한 점수를 계산하여 지역별 차이를 도출한다. 그 결과 수도권에 위치한 시도지역 보다 비수도권 지역이 사회적 약자 지원 서비스를 위한 점수가 상대적으로 낮음을 알 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 통해 각 지역에서 공개된 공공데이터들의 상호 연계를 통해 지역 맞춤형 서비스 및 정책을 수립이 가능함을 보이며 또한, 향후 전국 단위의 공공데이터 통합 및 분석 서비스의 기반 연구로 활용 가능할 것으로 보인다. Recently, various public data has been shared and utilized, and services using it are increasing rapidly. However, compared to the fact that much public data has been disclosed, the use of public data for services through linkage of public data or policies reflecting regional characteristics is insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a service to support the socially underprivileged using public data. In this paper, we collect, integrate, and analyze public data of each region and calculate the score considering the frequency of services supporting the socially disadvantaged to derive regional differences. As a result, it can be seen that the score for support services for the socially underprivileged in the non-metropolitan area is relatively lower than that of the urban area located in the metropolitan area. Through the proposed model, it is possible to establish regional customized services and policies through mutual interlinking of public data disclosed in each region. In addition, it is expected to be used as basic research for national public data integration and analysis services in the future.

서울시 셰어하우스 임대료 영향요인 분석에 관한 연구

최단비 ( Choi Dan-bee ),정지훈 ( Jung Ji-hoon ),최준용 ( Choi Jun-yong ),김정섭 ( Kim Jeongseob ) 한국부동산분석학회 2018 不動産學硏究 Vol.24 No.3

This study aims to empirically explore factors affecting the rent of a shared house using a hedonic price model. The physical, operational and locational characteristics of the shared house are considered primary determinants of the rent of a shared house. The results show that single room occupancy, shared spaces for particular purposes, the living area per bedroom and proximity to subway station increased the rent of a shared house. The age of the building, less private rooms, and the public-private partnership reduced the rent of a shared house. The neighborhood rent significantly increases the rent of a shared house, but it only accounts for 26% of the rent, implying the rent of a shared house is relatively less sensitive to the market rate rent. This study confirms that there is a strong demand for securing personal privacy in the shared house, which should be addressed in the architectural design and property management of shared housing. Shared housing with public subsidy provides relatively affordable housing units, thus contributing to lowering the housing cost burden of young single person households.

임차인 보호방안에 관한 연구

최단비(Choi Dan Bie) 원광대학교 법학연구소 2018 圓光法學 Vol.34 No.2

Korean Housing Lease Protecting Act and Korea Commercial Building Lease Protection Act are the Acts to protect the tenant in Korea. However, there are gaps which cannot protect the tenants in these Acts. Firstly, the Housing Lease Protect Act has only implied renewal. Whereas a lessor shall not refuse to renew without justifiable grounds within 5 years if a tenant requests for renewal of a contract in the Commercial Building Protection Act. Secondly, the Commercial Building Protection Act protects the tenant’s right to receive a premium from new tenant. However, the lessor can obstruct any tenant in receiving any premium pursuant to a premium contract from a new tenant after termination of the lease agreement under the literal meaning of 10-4(1). To protect the tenant’s right to remain under the present Act, the doctrines of common law can be referred when the court makes a decision. To be specific, when the lessor refuses to renew the lease agreement for house to increase the rent fee, it will be unreasonable by applying the “implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing”. If the tenant of house who follows the terms and conditions of lease agreement wants to maintain the agreement and his or her claiming the occupancy is not unreasonable under circumstances of agreement, the lessor cannot evict the tenant without good cause by the “implied covenant of good cause for termination”. In the commercial building agreement, the court can interpret the tenant has right to claim the premium even after termination of agreement when the reasonableness can be recognized. For example, when the tenant had made substantial investment or the lessor has any responsibility for the tenant’s investment on getting or expanding premium, the tenant can receive the premium from new tenant who make a premium contract after agreement or lessor as a compensation for damage. Provided that the period the tenant can claim the premium from new tenant after termination should be limited within reasonable time. The reasonable time can be regulated by making or adding new Act or articles. 주택임대차보호법과 상가건물임대차보호법은 임차인을 보호하기 위한 목적으로 제정된 법률이나, 현행법 하에서도 임차인을 보호하기에 부족한 법적 공백이 존재한다. 먼저, 주택임대차보호법은 상가건물임대차보호법이 임차인에게 계약갱신요구권을 인정하고 있는 것과 달리 묵시적 갱신만을 인정하고 있다. 두 번째로, 상가건물임대차보호법은 제10조의 4조 제1항에서 임차인의 권리금 회수기회를 보호하고 있으나, 문리적 해석에 따르면 임대차가 종료한 이후에는 임차인의 권리금 회수기회를 방해 할 수 있다고 해석되어 임차인 보호에 관한 공백이 발생한다. 이러한 현행법상의 문제점을 해결하고 임차인을 보호하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 미국의 이론들과 판례들을 검토하고 동 이론 및 판례들이 우리나라 법원 판결에 서 임차인 보호의 해석을 위하여 적용 될 수 있는지 여부를 검토하고자 한다. 구체적으로는 주택 임대인이 “신의성실의 원칙” 또는 “계약해제 시 정당한 사유”라는 요건이 인정되는 경우에만 계약갱신의 거절을 인정하는 미국의 사례를 우리나라 법원의 법 해석 시 참고 가능하다고 보았다. 상가건물임대차보호법에서는 “임대인의 동의 없는 임차인의 무단 전차계약”에 관한 미국판례의 입장변화를 살펴본 후 프랜차이즈 계약에서 계약일방이 임의로 계약을 해제하는 경우 신의성실에 원칙에 따라 계약해제의 효력이 부정되는 사안을 살펴보았다. 이를 통하여 임차인이 권리금계약을 체결하려고 노력하였으나 계약기간이 종료된 후에야 새 임차인과 임대인 간 계약이 체결된 경우 동 계약의 효력이 임차인에게 귀속되어 임차인이 권리금회수기회를 갖게 된다거나 임대인에게 권리금 발생에 책임이 있는 경우에는 계약기간이 종료된 후에도 임차인이 권리금을 손해배상 청구와 유사한 성격으로 임대인에게 청구할 수 있다는 해석이 타당하다고 보았다. 다만, 임차인이 임대차계약 종료 후 권리금을 청구할 수 있는 기간은 법으로 합리적인 기간을 정하여 제한하는 것이 바람직할 것이다.

한국·독일의 산업혁명 과정 비교

최단옥(Dan ock Choi) 한국경영사학회 2009 經營史學 Vol.51 No.-

세계 자본주의 역사에서 보면 세계시장지배의 구조가 세 번 바뀌었다. 첫 번째 지배국은 19c의 영국, 두 번째는 20c의 미국과 독일·일본, 지금 세 번째는 NICs가 될 전망이다. 어느 국가가 시장지배자의 지위에 올랐다는 것은 산업혁명을 막 성취했음을 의미한다. 두 번째 그룹의 선두인 독일과 세 번째 그룹의 선두인 한국의 산업혁명과정을 비교해 보는 것은 한국경제와 세계자본주의의 장래를 이해하는데 중요하다. 두 나라는 산업혁명 이전의 내부 사회구조, 산업혁명 기간 동안의 국제시장관계, 그리고 완성시기의 세계경제 구조면에서 차이가 있다. 대체로 선발국가에 대한 따라잡기 과정도 한국의 경우가 독일의 경우에 비해 더 힘들다고 볼 수 있다. The Market domination structures in the world capitalism has been changed three times. The first ruler of the world market in the 19th century was England, the second rulers in the 20th are U.S., Germany and Japan. The third ruler in the 21th century will be NICs including Korea. If a country come to finish its industrial revolution, it will be on the situation of the world market dominator. The leading country of the second rulers is Germany and that of the third rulers may be Korea. It is important to compare the process of the industrial of Korea with that of Germany to know the future of the world capitalism. Two nations have different historic conditions of the mode of the domestic social frame before the industrial revolution, the international market relation during the industrial revolution. And also they have difference in the structure of the capitalism after the industrial revolution. In general, Korea will be the more difficult conditions to catch up the developed countries than Germany did.

액체의 색과 부피에 따른 향 강도 연구

최단비(DanBee Choi),박영경(YungKyung Park) 한국색채학회 2014 한국색채학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.5

법학전문대학원에서의 법조윤리 교육의 실태와 개선방향

최단비(Choi Dan Bie) 원광대학교 법학연구소 2014 圓光法學 Vol.30 No.2

The method of selecting attorneys in Korea is changed from bar exam to Law school in 2009. Under the act on the establishment and management of professional Law schools, legal ethics is adopted as one of the required courses for the exam to be attorneys. Because there is no course that is legal ethics under bar exam system, reviewing the state and how performs the education of legal ethics in Law school is important at this stage which is after 5 years from starting the Law school system. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to look behind the education of legal ethics in Law school for 5 years and review the problems of the education of legal ethics. Afterwards the purpose of this paper is to provide the solution for the problems of legal ethics in Law school at this stage. In addition, Refering the study about education of legal ethics in Japan Las school which has been started 5 years ahead of us in 2004 such as how performs the education of legal ethics and which problems indicate is helpful. Therefore this paper compare the education of legal ethics in Korea Law school with Japan such as the state of education of legal ethics, which curriculum time is best, qualification of professor for legal ethics, range of education, teaching method and curriculum. Through these comparative and review, this paper point out problems of current education of legal ethics such as education level which enumerate the articles of Attorney At Law Act under the circumstances that the test type is only optional and the goal of education is preparing for the test of legal ethics by Ministry of Justice. After this pointing out, this paper provide the new teachig method such as performing the deepen learning by expressing students' own view through report and/or discussion and investing time for specific theme for deepen learning.

에어비앤비 계약의 법적 성격 및 집주인의 보호책임

최단비(Choi, Dan-Bi) 국민대학교 법학연구소 2018 법학논총 Vol.31 No.1

현재 우리나라법상으로는 허가를 받지 않은 에어비앤비 계약의 법적성격을 정의하고 집주인이 이용자들에게 어느 범위까지 손해에 대한 배상책임을 부담하는지를 구체적으로 규제하는 규정들이 존재하지 않는다. 그러나 에어비앤비를 통한 숙박공유는 지속적으로 늘어나고 있는 현상이고 에어비앤비를 이용하며 발생하는 범죄 등의 사건도 다수 보고되고 있으므로 에어비앤비 계약의 법적 성격을 정의하고 집주인이 이용자의 인적 손해에 대한 책임을 부담하는지 여부에 관한 논의가 필요한 시점이라고 할 것이다. 에어비앤비 계약의 법적성격을 어떻게 정의할 것인가와 관련하여 민법의 임대차계약으로 정의하자는 견해와 공중접객업자가 체결하는 숙박계약으로 정의하자는 견해 등이 있다. 에어비앤비 계약을 임대차계약으로 정의하는 경우 임차인이 사용, 수익하기에 적합한 상태로 목적물을 유지하면 임대인은 임차인이 목적물을 사용하는 과정에서 발생한 인적손해에 대해서는 배상할 의무를 부담하지 않는다. 반면, 에어비앤비 계약을 숙박 계약으로 정의하는 경우 숙박업자는 이용자의 안전을 배려하여야 할 신의칙상 보호의무까지도 부담하므로 집에 몰래카메라가 설치되어 있다거나 방범시설의 미비로 인하여 성범죄가 발생하거나 화재가 발생하였다면 이용자는 집주인에게 보호책임 위반을 근거로 책임을 추궁할 수 있는 것이다. 집주인은 이용자가 누구인지를 계약의 중요한 부분으로 고려하지 않는다는 점, 집주인은 목적물을 관리함으로써 목적물에 대한 정보를 인식하고 있으므로 임차인에게 위험을 고지하거나 고지할 수 있고 따라서 이를 소홀히 하는 경우 이용자의 손해에 대한 책임을 부과할 수 있는 점 등에 근거할 때 에어비앤비 계약의 법적성격은 민법상 임대차계약이 아닌 숙박계약으로 정의되어야 할 것이다. There are no regulation to define the Airbnb contract and what kind of liability the host have for a guest. The number of Airbnb contracts which are made between parties increase continuously and there are many reports about crimes occurred in the Airbnb place as well. Therefore, the study on the definition of the Airbnb contract and whether the host have a liability for a guest’s personal damage or not is required. There are several opinions to define the Airbnb contract. According to the opinion that the landlord-tenant treatment is applied, the host doesn’t have a liability for a guest’s personal damage if he provide a guest with an adequate conditioned room to use . Whereas if the innkeeper treatment is applied to the Airbnb contract, the host have a liability of subordinate negligence clause of the principle of faith and loyalty to protect the guest’s safety. Thus, the guest can claim the compensation for damage about the hidden camera or crimes to the host. The innkeeper treatment should be applied to the Airbnb contract based on the grounds as follow. First, the host does not consider who the guest is as the important matter in the contract. Second, the host has liability for the guest’s personal damage since he can recognize the possible danger in the room. In addition, there are another grounds that applying the innkeeper treatment is resonable. According to this opinion, the guest in the Airbnb contract can be protected widely.

내적･외적요인과 한･미 FTA 수출성과

최단비(Dan Bi Choi),이춘수(Chun Su Lee) 한국국제상학회 2017 國際商學 Vol.32 No.2

본 연구는 한･미 FTA 환경 하에서 중소기업의 내적요인과 외적요인이 FTA 수출성과에 미치는 영향을 부산, 경남지역 중소기업을 대상으로 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 첫째, 수출시장 경쟁강도는 한･미 FTA 중소기업의 수출성과에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 무역장벽의 철폐는 한･미 FTA 중소기업의 수출성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 점차적으로 낮아지는 관세장벽이 중소기업의 무역 확대에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. 셋째, FTA 활용 및 의지와 가격 역량은 한･미 FTA 중소기업 수출성과와 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 확인되었다. 마지막으로, 한･미 FTA 중소기업의 제품 및 기술 역량이 높을수록 수출성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 추가적으로 본 연구는 그동안 다른 지역에 비해 상대적으로 연구가 미진했던 부산, 경남지역의 FTA 관련 중소기업을 대상으로 한･미 FTA 수출성과에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로써 중소기업들에게 유용한 시사점을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Purpose : This study examines the effects of internal and external factors on FTA export performance of SMEs under the Korea-US FTA environment. Research design, data, methodology : A questionnaire survey was conducted for SMEs in Busan, Kyungnam region, and reliability, validity, and regression analysis were conducted. Results : First, the elimination of trade barriers has a positive effect on the export performance of the Korea-US FTA SMEs. Second, the intensity of export market competition did not have a significant effect on the export performance of Korea-US FTA SMEs. also it was confirmed that FTA utilization/intention and price competence did not have a significant effect on the export performance of Korea-US FTA SMEs. Finally, the higher the product and technology capacity, the more positive the effect of export performance of Korea-US FTA SMEs. Conclusions : This study will provide useful implications for SMEs by analyzing the effects of FTA-related enterprises on Korea-US FTA export performance for small and medium-sized enterprises in Busan and Kyungnam regions.