쓰기 능력 향상을 위한 블렌디드 러닝 모형 개발 및 적용

진동일 ( Dong Il Jin ),김회용 ( Hoy Yong Kim ) 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2010 교사교육연구 Vol.49 No.1

본 연구는 오프라인과 온라인 교육을 병행할 수 있는 블렌디드 러닝 방식을 도입하여 쓰기 수업 모형을 개발하고, 개발된 수업 모형의 현장 적용 가능성을 평가하는데 목적을 두었다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 쓰기 능력 향상 방법 도출, 현재의 학교 제도에서 운영 가능한 블렌디드 러닝 형태 도출, 도출된 쓰기 능력 향상 방법과 블렌디드 러닝 형태에 따라 쓰기 능력 향상을 위한 블렌디드 러닝 모형을 개발, 개발된 블렌디드 러닝 모형을 실제 현장에 적용을 통한 효과와 현장 적용 가능성 도출을 연구내용으로 설정하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 쓰기 활동 결과물의 분량에서는 차이가 없었다. 오프라인 교실 수업에서 쓰기 활동이냐, 온라인에서 쓰기 활동이냐는 쓰기 활동 결과물의 분량에는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 둘째, 쓰기 활동 결과물의 일관성 및 통일성의 정도에서는 차이가 도출되었다. 오프라인 교실 수업에서 쓰기보다 늘어난 시간이 내용 생성에 영향을 준 것으로 보인다. 시간에 쫓기면서 생산한 결과물은 앞뒤 문장의 연결이 자연스럽지 못한 일관성이 부족한 경우, 글의 주제를 찾을 수 없는 통일성이 부족한 경우가 발견되었다. 쓰기 활동에서 충분한 활동 시간을 확보하게 되면 일관성 및 통일성이 높아져 결과물의 질을 높일 수 있었다. 따라서, 쓰기 교육에서 블렌디드 러닝 모형을 이용할 경우 쓰기 활동 결과물의 분량 증가라는 양적인 변화는 없었으나, 일관성 및 통일성의 증가라는 질적인 변화는 도출할 수 있었다. 즉, 블렌디드 러닝모형을 이용한 쓰기 교육은 쓰기 능력 향상에 도움이 되었다. The purpose of this study is to develop a blended learning model and apply it to school lessons in order to improve students` writing skills. The blended learning model has been developed through the literature review and analysis. This model is an outcome of blending basic classroom lessons with advanced on-line ones. The study has analyzed a total of eight extracurricular lessons of a club called "Media Writing Club" with thirty five 1st and 2nd graders of D High School in B City. The writing lessons have been conducted online and in the off-line classroom. The writing classes in the classroom asked students to complete the basic writing assignments and the ones online asked them to conduct more intensive forms of composition from what they have done off-line. This research has drawn its results from the composition of the students both on and off line based on the length, cohesion and coherence of every work. Results of this research are as follows: First, there was no significant difference in the amount of the writings in the offline classrooms and on-line community. Second, the quality of the writings online has shown an apparent improvement compared with the writings in the off-line classrooms. We suggest that the quality of the writings can be improved with a proper amount of time provided as it could increase the coherence and cohesion of the writings. Therefore, we conclude that this blended learning model can help improve students` writing skills. More researches to improve the writing skills of high school students are desirable in the future.

돼지와 생쥐의 유전자 이식을 위한 벡터로서 Spleen Necrosis 바이러스의 가치평가 RNA 바이러스 벡터의 개발을 위한 방법론

진동일 ( Dong Il Jin ) 한국축산학회 1994 한국축산학회지 Vol.36 No.3

For assessment of spleen necrosis virus (SNV) as a gene transfer vector in pig and manse, the infectivity of SNV to zona-free preimplantation stage porcine and mouse embryos following co-culture with cells producing SNV was examined. Also, the function of SNV long terminal repeat (LTR) fused with chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene in transgenic mice was evaluated. A total of 15 pig fetuses at 6 weeks gestation derived from co-culture of zona-free 4-cell stage porcine embryos with cells producing SNV were analysed for the integration of SNV provirus sequences in their tissues. Analysis using PCR and DNA blots indicated absence of SNV sequences in all fetuses samples. Also, zona-free 2- and 4-cell stage mouse embryos were co-cultured with cells producing SNV. Thirty one pups derived from co-culture experiment and G₁ offspring of live G_0 mice were analysed for the presence of SNV provirus sequences in their body using DNA blots. All mice tested were negative for the SNV provirus sequence. Transgenic mice containing SNV LTR fused with CAT gene were produced by microinjection to investigate the regulatory function of the SNV LTR in mice. The expression of CAT gene was below the level of detection in assayed tissue of 5 tzansgenic lines that retain several copies of SNV LTR-CAT sequences. Overall infectivity of SNV to pig and mouse embryos did not appear high enough to be useful for gene transfer in pig and mouse. SNV LTR has not shown to be functional in mice.

Drumstick-tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.)의 주요 영양성분 및 추출물의 신경세포 보호 효과

진수일(Su Il Jin),김현주(Hyeon Ju Kim),정지희(Ji Hee Jeong),진동은(Dong Eun Jin),최성길(Sung-Gil Choi),허호진(Ho Jin Heo) 한국식품과학회 2014 한국식품과학회지 Vol.46 No.5

국내에 충분히 보고되지 못한 소재로서 drumstick-tree (Moringa Oleifera Lam.)를 고부가가치 식품 자원으로서 그 활용가능성을 알아보기 위해 주요 영양성분 분식 및 in vitro 신경세포 보호효과에 대해서 연구하였다. Drumstick-tree의 주요 무기성분으로는 칼슘으로 2658.67 ㎎/100 g이 함유되어 있었고, 다음으로 칼륨, 마그네슘 및 인 등이 함유되어 있었다. 주요 지방산으로서 포화 지방산으로는 palmitic acid (16.33%)와 불포화 지방산으로서 gadoleic acid (66.34%)가 상대적으로 많이 함유되어 있었고, 지용성 비타민인 vitamin E가 94.78 ㎎/100 g 그리고 niacin이 112.61 ㎎/100g 함유되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 80% methanol에 추출한 drumstick-tree 추출물을 활용하여 H₂O₂ 처리한 PC12 cell 내의 활성산소 생성억제효과를 DCF-DA assay를 통해 측정한 결과 drumstick-tree 추출물은 농도의존적인 활성산소 생성 억제효과를 보였다. MTT assay를 이용하여 H2O2로 유도된 PC12 신경세포에 대한 보호효과를 측정한 결과 vitamin C group 대비 효과적인 신경세포 보호효과를 확인하였고, LDH release assay를 통해 일정 수준의 세포막 보호효과를 역시 확인하였다. 또한 PC12 cell의 oxidative stress-induced apoptosis에 대한 세포 보호효과를 측정하기 위한 caspase assay 실험 결과, 세포 내 caspase activity가 추출물의 의해 효과적으로 감소됨을 알 수 있었다. 결국 본 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때, 우수한 영양 구성 성분과 함께 신경세포 내 oxidative stress의 저감화 등을 통한 drumstick-tree 추출물의 신경세포 보호 효과는 고부가가치 천연 소재로서의 다양한 산업적 활용 가능성을 암시하는 것으로 판단된다. The cytoprotective effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. (drumstick tree) on neuronal cells was investigated to confirm the physiological benefits associated with this natural food resource. First, the drumstick tree extract was chemically analyzed to determine inherent nutritional constituents. Calcium and potassium were identified as the major mineral constituents, and palmitic acid (C16:0, 16.33%) and gadoleic acid (C20:01, 66.34%) were detected as the major fatty acids. Moreover, drumstick tree extract contained 94.78 ㎎/100 g vitamin E and 112.61 ㎎/100 g niacin. PC12 cells were used to study the cytoprotective effects of drumstick tree extract. Intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species was significantly reduced when H₂O₂ treated-neuronal cells were cultured in a medium containing the methanolic extract of drumstick tree, compared to cells treated with only H₂O₂. Cell viability assay using MTT showed that the extract protected cells against H₂O₂-induced neurotoxicity and inhibited LDH leakage from the cell membrane. Caspase assay showed that the extract exerted cytoprotective effect against apoptosis. Consequently, these data suggest that drumstick tree is a useful natural resource with positive effects on human health.

Zygote arrest 1 유전자 변이(g.2540T>C)와 두록 정액의 운동학적 특성과의 연관성 분석

이미진(Mi Jin Lee),고준호(Jun Ho Ko),조규호(Kyu Ho Cho),최태정(Tae Jeong Choi),김용민(Yong Min Kim),김영신(Young Sin Kim),진동일(Dong Il Jin),조은석(Eun seok Cho),김남형(Nam Hyung Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2018 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.19 No.9

정액의 품질은 정자의 운동학적 특성 및 첨체의 온전성 등에 의해서 결정된다. 이전 연구들에서 정액 품질 검사는 현미경을 이용하여 사람이 직접적으로 수행하기 때문에 오차가 컸다. 최근에는 이러한 기법을 보완하고자 분자생물학적 방법을 통한 검사 방법이 새로이 대두되고 있다. ZAR1 유전자는 척추동물의 초기 배아 발달에 영향을 미치는 유전자로 알려져 있지만 정액과 연관성 연구는 진행되어 있지 않다. 본 연구는 ZAR1 유전자의 SNP을 탐색하고 정액의 운동학적 특성과의 연관성을 규명하였다. SNP을 탐색 및 연관성 분석을 하고자 두록 수퇘지 105두의 혈액으로부터 추출한 DNA로부터 ZAR1 유전자의 전체 염기서열 분석을 실시하였고, 105두의 정액의 운동학적 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, ZAR1의 염색체 2540번째 T 서열이 C로 변환되는 것을 확인하였고, ZAR1 SNP의 유전자형을 분석한 결과 major allel은 T 서열이며 minor allele은 C로 확인되었다. ZAR1의 유전자형과 정액의 운동학적 특성과의 연관성 분석 결과 MOT (Motility) (p<0.01)와 VSL (Straight-line Velocity) (p<0.05)에서 유의적인 차이가 나타났다. 또한, 운동학적 특성과 ZAR1 SNP을 비교하였을 때, T allele을 가진 유전자형이 C allele에 비해 MOT와 VSL을 감소시키는 것으로 확인하였다. 따라서 C allele을 가진 돼지가 정액의 MOT와 VSL에서 더 좋은 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 결과들은 우수한 정액을 생산하는 돼지를 판별하는 유전자 진단 기법의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The sperm quality is determined by the kinetic characteristics and acrosome integrity of the sperm. In the previous studies, analysis of semen quality had large errors because those experiments by using microscope had been conducted by people. In recent years, the molecular biological methods have been newly developed to complement the previous techniques. The ZAR1 gene is known to be a gene that affects early embryonic development in vertebrates, but there is no study of the association with semen. In this study, we analyzed the association between the kinetic characteristics and ZAR1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype. To detect the SNPs, we performed sequencing using genomic DNA from the whole bloods of Duroc pigs. We identified an SNP in the ZAR1 gene g.2540T>C. ZAR1 SNP genotypeing in 105 pigs revealed that the major and minor alleles were T and C, respectively. After we analyzed the association between the kinetic characteristics of sperm and the ZAR1 SNP genotype, we found a significant association in MOT (p<0.01), VSL (p<0.05) of the kinetic characteristics in the Duroc boars. It was confirmed that the boars with T allele were lower in MOT and VSL than C allele. Therefore, pigs with C allele are judged to be better at the MOT and VSL of semen. Based on these results, ZAR1 SNP genotyping may be a useful molecular biomarker to improve semen quality by applying molecular breeding technology.

소의 체세포핵이식태반과 정상태반간의 차등 발현 유전자 분석

유성란 ( Seong Lan Yu ),정행진 ( Hang Jin Jeong ),상병찬 ( Byung Chan Sang ),류승희 ( Seung Heui Ryoo ),정기철 ( Kie Chul Jung ),윤종택 ( Jong Taek Yoon ),성환후 ( Hwan Hoo Seong ),진동일 ( Dong Il Jin ),이준헌 ( Jun Heon Lee ) 한국동물자원과학회 2008 한국축산학회지 Vol.50 No.5

마카(Lepidium meyenii)보충이 생쥐에서 Scopolamine으로 손상된 기억력 회복에 미치는 효과

이홍미 ( Hong Mie Lee ),박은진 ( Eun Jin Park ),전인숙 ( In Sook Jeon ),강용수 ( Yong Soo Kang ),진동일 ( Dong Il Jin ),정해정 ( Hai Jung Chung ) 한국식품영양학회 2010 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

With an increase in the number of people suffering from ageing-related diseases in our rapidly aging society, interests in natural products such as maca(Lepidium meyenii), which has properties of enhancing cognition and sexual performance, have increased. This study was conducted to assess the effects of 7 weeks of maca extract supplementation(0.5~2.0g/㎏ BW) on scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice and on sperm count in male mice. All doses of maca supplementation significantly protected against scopolamine-induced amnesia as determined by a Morris water maze, but not according to passive avoidance tests. Maca supplementation did not affect acetylcholinesterase activity in the whole brain, nor the testicular sperm count of male mice. This study suggests that maca may have some neuroprotective properties in mice, which will be further examined by future studies.

체내 및 체외 수정란의 할구를 이용한 성 판별

한영훈(Rong-Xun Han),김홍래(Hong-Rye Kim),조운비(Yun-Fei Diao),진동일(Dong-Il Jin) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2011 농업과학연구 Vol.38 No.2

The objective of this study was to develop a rapid and reliable PCR method for sexing of morula or blastocyst stage bovine embryo. BOV97M and bovine 1.715 satellite DNA sequences were selected for amplification of male and bovine specific DNA, respectively. But the unbalanced number of copies of these two repetitive sequences required some modification of PCR method. Karyotyping of blastomeres were carried for the confirmation of sex determination in bovine embryos. The coincidence rate of sex between biopsied-single blastomere and matched blastocyst was 80.0%. When in vivo- and in vitro- derived embryos were compared, 61.8% and 56.7% were male in in vitro- and in vivo-derived embryos, respectively. In vivo-derived embryos showed better hatching rate than in vitro-derived embryos following biopsy of blastomeres. In conclusion, rapid and effective PCR could be applied to sexing of bovine preimplantation embryos using single blastomere. The sensitivity of this assay may eliminate the need for biopsy of more than one nucleated blastomere and reduce trauma to the embryos derived from biopsy procedure.

돼지 난자난구세포 복합체의 난구세포 분포에 따른 단백질체 차이 분석

이재은 ( Jae Eun Lee ),김소연 ( So Yeon Kim ),신현영 ( Hyun Young Shin ),진동일 ( Dong Il Jin ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 축산기술과 산업 Vol.8 No.1

Porcine cumulus cell layers are thought to influence various fundamental functions during oocyte maturation. The expansion of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) is known to highly correlate with oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryonic development. In this study, we performed two dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) analysis using porcine COCs proteins. Porcine COCs were collected from ovary follicles and classified as the good-quality group and the poor-quality group based on cumulus cell layers around oocyte. The COCs protein samples were separated in a pH 3.0-10.0 IPG gels for the first dimension, and then 8%-16% SDS-PAGE gel for the second dimension. Gel image analysis was performed in protein spots between good- and poor-quality groups, and then differential protein spots were identified using MALDI-TOF analysis. There were more than 300 protein spots in the 2-DE gel image obtained from 1 mg protein samples of COCs. Five differential protein spots were identified by gel image analysis with more than 1.5-fold differences. All 5 protein spots were up-regulated in good quality group and revealed as transferrin, tight junction protein ZO-2, tubulin beta chain, meiosisspecific nuclear structural protein 1 and dynamin 1-like isoform 4 in good. Our results indicated the identification of 5 differentially expressed proteins in the porcine goodquality COCs and these protein profiles will make available important guides for porcine good oocyte selection for the production of in vitro embryos.

TMT 유도성 인지 기능 상실에 대한 대보(밤 품종) 내피 추출물의 효과

김현주(Hyeon Ju Kim),정지희(Ji Hee Jeong),조유나(Yu Na Jo),진동은(Dong Eun Jin),진수일(Su Il Jin),김만조(Man-Jo Kim),허호진(Ho Jin Heo) 한국식품과학회 2013 한국식품과학회지 Vol.45 No.5

본 연구에서는 국내 대표 밤 품종인 대보(Daebo)의 내피를 활용하여 TMT 유도성 인지 기능 상실에 대한 개선 효과를 연구하였다. 실험에서 각 농도별(5, 10, 20 ㎎/㎏ of body weight)로 대보 내피 에틸아세테이트 분획물을 섭취한 mouse를 TMT로 인지기능 손상을 유발하여 Y-maze test와 passive avoidance test한 결과, Y-maze test에서 분획물을 섭취한 group이 TMT 단독 처리군과 비교하였을 때 공간 인지기능을 개선시켰고, passive avoidance test 또한 latency time이 증가한 것으로 나타나 TMT에 의해 유발되는 뇌 신경독성 동물 모델로부터 기억 및 학습능력 개선 효과를 갖는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 in vivo 동물 실험 후 mouse로부터 적출된 whole brain tissue를 대상으로 ex vivo AChE 활성 및 MDA 함량측정 실험한 결과, 에틸아세테이트 분획물이 TMT 효과 대비 AChE의 활성을 일부 유의적으로 억제하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로 대보 내피 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 신경전달물질인 AChE의 활성을 저해하고 뇌 신경세포 보호 효과를 통하여 인지기능 개선 효과를 유도할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-amnesic effect of daebo (Castanea crenata) extract on trimethyltin chloride (TMT)-induced learning and memory impairment, in vivo. The inner skin of daebo was extracted using distilled water under reflux conditions. At the end of the adaptation period, ICR mice were divided into a control group, a TMT injection group (negative control), and a sample group (C5: 5 ㎎/㎏ body weight; C10: 10 ㎎/㎏ body weight; and C20: 20 ㎎/㎏ body weight), and were tested with learning and memory tests. The ethylacetate fraction of the daebo inner skin extract was found to increase TMT-induced memory deficit in the Y-maze and passive avoidance test. Brain tissue analysis showed that the ethylacetate fraction of daebo extract lowered the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of neuronal cells, both of which are indicative of lipid peroxidation.

임신일령에 따른 생쥐 태아 뇌조직의 단백질 발현 양상 분석

한영훈(Rong-Xun Han),김홍래(Hong-Rye Kim),조운비(Yun-Fei Diao),우제석(Je-Seok Woo),진동일(Dong-Il Jin) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2011 농업과학연구 Vol.38 No.1

Development of mouse fetus brains can be defined morphologically and functionally by three developmental stages, embryo day (ED) 16, postnatal stage one week and eight weeks. These defined stages of brain development may be closely associated with differential gene expression rates due to limited cellular resources such as energy, space, and free water. Complex patterns of expressed genes and proteins during brain development suggests the changes in relative concentrations of proteins rather than the increase in numbers of new gene products. This study was designed to evaluate early protein expression pattern in mouse fetus brain. The mouse brain proteome of fetus at ED 15.5, and 19.5 was obtained using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (DE). Analysis of the 2-DE gels in pH 3-10 range revealed the presence of 15 differentially expressed spots, of which 11 spots were identified to be known proteins following MALDI-TOF analysis; 3 spots were up-regulated and 8 spots were down-regulated in the mouse fetus brain at ED 15.5. UP-regulated proteins were identified as MCG18238, isoform M2 of pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2, isoform 2 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H2, creatine kinase B-type, 40S ribosomal protein SA and hemoglobin subunit beta-H1. Down-regulated proteins were putative uncharacterized protein, lactoylglutathione lyase and secreted acidic cysteine rich glycoprotein. Our results revealed composite profiles of mouse fetus brain proteins related to mouse fetus development by 2-DE analysis implying possible roles of these proteins in neural differentiation.